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Getting to Know Open
Government Data: Who’s
done it, how did they do, and
so what?
Jim Duncan, Vermont Monitoring Cooperative
Vermont Open Data Summit || October 8, 2013
james.duncan@uvm.edu
Outline
• My background – Open Data and Natural
Resources in Mongolia, Ghana and
Vermont
• Survey of state open government data
• Themes in open government data
initiatives
• Lessons for Vermont
My background
Open Data and Natural Resources in Mongolia,
Ghana and Vermont
Open Data Initiatives in the
Developing World… Why?
• Open Government Partnership
• Reduced costs for technology and internet
• Increased mobile usage
• Demand for transparency and
accountability
Sumitomo Corporation
Corruption in mining and oil
• EITI reconciles company payments with
government receipts
• But how to make use of that information?
Ghana – Mapping the Money
• Long history of mining
• New oil find held promise and peril
Photo: © Jonathan Ernst/World Bank
Ghana Open Data Initiative
• Started in 2010 with help from Web Foundation
Development of an Open Data strategy for the Government of Ghana taking into
account the three layers of actors (political, public administration and
civil society) and six dimensions of Open Data (political, legal,
organizational, technical, social and economic). The strategy will include:
• Public policy guidelines
• Data collection guidelines
• Data copyright and licensing guidelines
• Dataset publication process/Open Data methods
• GODI Secretariat/Steering Committee guidelines
• Public-Private focus groups guidelines
Establishment of an Open Data community
• Intra and extra-government community building and outreach
• One-time events and regular events (workshops, bootcamps, barcamps, contests…)
• Collaborative online tools
Setup, development and deployment of an Open Data platform (Web site)
• Requirements and standards
• Implementation
• Validation
Monitoring and Evaluation of the GODI
• Methodology
• Impact assessment
• Tools
Reproduced from the Web Foundation’s Ghana Open Data Project Page
http://www.webfoundation.org/projects/ghana-open-data-initiative-godi/
Monitoring Vermont’s Forests
www.uvm.edu/vmc
Scientific data sharing
• Some unique challenges, many are the same
• Working now on increasing discoverability,
usability, standards and integration
Open Government Data
Survey and patterns at the state level
What is Open Data*
• Technically open  non-proprietary formats
 machine-readable
• Legally open  clear license or policy
 free to use and reuse
• What makes Open Data REALLY nice?
• Standardized, interoperable, well-documented
* Just my take – see “Resources” for the evolution and complexity in defining this term
✔
Overall Patterns
• Around 60% of states have some sort of
open data site
• Majority tend
to be related
to finances
or serve as
portals to
other
websites
Overall Patterns – some
examples
• Connecticut has multiple overlapping sites
• Delaware maintains a syndication of RSS
feeds
• Louisiana provides slices and downloads
of their Financial Accounting System
Open New York
http://data.ny.gov
• Department of Health started pilot in August,
2011
• Statewide push initiated by Executive Order in
January 2013
• Portal launched in March, including data from
several counties, schools and Albany
• Two leading open data experts poached in
September
Open New York
• Data discoverable from data.gov (and vice
versa)
• Values:
• Innovation, accountability, efficiency, local-to-
federal integration and policy research
• Timeline for departments to catalog
publishable data, design release plan
• Affirmative license
http://data.ny.gov
Iowa DATAshare
• Federated data, primarily financial,
educational and demographic
• Unclear political context
• No licensing
• Data-minded initiatives, but not
referencing this
http://data.iowa.gov
Themes in Open
Government Data
Major Themes
• Motivations to publish data
• Enabling environment
• Supply
• Demand
• Sustainability and planning for the future
Motivation – Why Open Up
Data?
• Government transparency, accountability
and trust
• Stimulate innovation, new products,
economic growth
• Increase government efficiency
• Value to society of data as a public good
Enabling Environment for
Open Data
• Legislation or policy
• Champion to give support and cover to a
movement
• The grunts who make it work
organizationally and technologically
• Clear and timely need
Enabling Environment -
Sometimes it’s legislation…
From 2013 Integrity Index, Better Government Association and Alper Services. p15.
http://www.documentcloud.org/documents/729455-2013-bga-alper-services-integrity-index.html
Supply
• Principles of access and encouraging
reuse
• Data quality and readiness
• Not all data is equal
• Update frequency
Demand – Who Wants It and
Why?
• Citizens
• Good governance
• Improve daily lives
• Businesses
• make decisions
• build new products
• Government
• Increase effectiveness
• Improve efficiency
• Reduce demands
• Researchers
• More rigorous research,
• Stronger policy recommendations
hackvt.coml
O’Neil-Dunne 2013
Sustainability
• Tension between piloting and changing
government to ‘open by default’
• Small, pilot projects allow you to “fail small,
fail fast and fail forward”*
• But sustaining often means cultural change
within organizations
• Use what already works within state systems
• Incentives/rewards for openness
* Chris Taggart on the Rewards of Failure
Commonly-Cited Barriers
• Cost-recovery
• Privacy legislation
• Questions around quantifiable benefits
• Fears of misuse, poor quality
• Mixing of open data efforts with e-government
approaches
Take-Aways and Lessons
Lessons
• Local and timely
• Build comfort and buy-in early and often
• True data, not just charts, PDFs, and
reports
• Does providing ‘data by department’ make
sense to users?
• Think bigger than just financial data
Thank you!
Questions?
Resources
• The New Ambiguity of “Open Government”
• http://www.uclalawreview.org/?p=3663
• The Benefits of a Big Tent: Opening Up Government in Developing Countries
• http://www.uclalawreview.org/?p=4017
• Open Data: an international comparison of strategies
• http://www.epractice.eu/files/European%20Journal%20epractice%20Volume%2012_1.pdf
• Sunlight Foundation piece on the evolution of the concept of open data
• http://sunlightfoundation.com/blog/2013/09/16/your-guidelines-to-open-data-guidelines-pt-2-
stages-of-development/
• Catalogs of catalogs:
• Maintained by US Government : www.data.gov/opendatasites
• Global catalog of catalogs: http://datacatalogs.org/
• Chris Taggart on the rewards of failure:
• http://www.slideshare.net/countculture/open-data-the-rewards-of-failure
• 3D High-Resolution Land Cover Example for Syracuse, NY. Jarlath O'Neil-Dunne. figshare.
http://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.703134 Retrieved 03:27, Oct 08, 2013 (GMT)

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Getting to Know Open Government Data: Who's done it, how did they do, and so what?

  • 1. Getting to Know Open Government Data: Who’s done it, how did they do, and so what? Jim Duncan, Vermont Monitoring Cooperative Vermont Open Data Summit || October 8, 2013 james.duncan@uvm.edu
  • 2. Outline • My background – Open Data and Natural Resources in Mongolia, Ghana and Vermont • Survey of state open government data • Themes in open government data initiatives • Lessons for Vermont
  • 3. My background Open Data and Natural Resources in Mongolia, Ghana and Vermont
  • 4. Open Data Initiatives in the Developing World… Why? • Open Government Partnership • Reduced costs for technology and internet • Increased mobile usage • Demand for transparency and accountability Sumitomo Corporation
  • 5. Corruption in mining and oil • EITI reconciles company payments with government receipts • But how to make use of that information?
  • 6. Ghana – Mapping the Money • Long history of mining • New oil find held promise and peril Photo: © Jonathan Ernst/World Bank
  • 7. Ghana Open Data Initiative • Started in 2010 with help from Web Foundation Development of an Open Data strategy for the Government of Ghana taking into account the three layers of actors (political, public administration and civil society) and six dimensions of Open Data (political, legal, organizational, technical, social and economic). The strategy will include: • Public policy guidelines • Data collection guidelines • Data copyright and licensing guidelines • Dataset publication process/Open Data methods • GODI Secretariat/Steering Committee guidelines • Public-Private focus groups guidelines Establishment of an Open Data community • Intra and extra-government community building and outreach • One-time events and regular events (workshops, bootcamps, barcamps, contests…) • Collaborative online tools Setup, development and deployment of an Open Data platform (Web site) • Requirements and standards • Implementation • Validation Monitoring and Evaluation of the GODI • Methodology • Impact assessment • Tools Reproduced from the Web Foundation’s Ghana Open Data Project Page http://www.webfoundation.org/projects/ghana-open-data-initiative-godi/
  • 9. Scientific data sharing • Some unique challenges, many are the same • Working now on increasing discoverability, usability, standards and integration
  • 10. Open Government Data Survey and patterns at the state level
  • 11. What is Open Data* • Technically open  non-proprietary formats  machine-readable • Legally open  clear license or policy  free to use and reuse • What makes Open Data REALLY nice? • Standardized, interoperable, well-documented * Just my take – see “Resources” for the evolution and complexity in defining this term ✔
  • 12. Overall Patterns • Around 60% of states have some sort of open data site • Majority tend to be related to finances or serve as portals to other websites
  • 13. Overall Patterns – some examples • Connecticut has multiple overlapping sites • Delaware maintains a syndication of RSS feeds • Louisiana provides slices and downloads of their Financial Accounting System
  • 14. Open New York http://data.ny.gov • Department of Health started pilot in August, 2011 • Statewide push initiated by Executive Order in January 2013 • Portal launched in March, including data from several counties, schools and Albany • Two leading open data experts poached in September
  • 15. Open New York • Data discoverable from data.gov (and vice versa) • Values: • Innovation, accountability, efficiency, local-to- federal integration and policy research • Timeline for departments to catalog publishable data, design release plan • Affirmative license http://data.ny.gov
  • 16. Iowa DATAshare • Federated data, primarily financial, educational and demographic • Unclear political context • No licensing • Data-minded initiatives, but not referencing this http://data.iowa.gov
  • 18. Major Themes • Motivations to publish data • Enabling environment • Supply • Demand • Sustainability and planning for the future
  • 19. Motivation – Why Open Up Data? • Government transparency, accountability and trust • Stimulate innovation, new products, economic growth • Increase government efficiency • Value to society of data as a public good
  • 20. Enabling Environment for Open Data • Legislation or policy • Champion to give support and cover to a movement • The grunts who make it work organizationally and technologically • Clear and timely need
  • 21. Enabling Environment - Sometimes it’s legislation… From 2013 Integrity Index, Better Government Association and Alper Services. p15. http://www.documentcloud.org/documents/729455-2013-bga-alper-services-integrity-index.html
  • 22. Supply • Principles of access and encouraging reuse • Data quality and readiness • Not all data is equal • Update frequency
  • 23. Demand – Who Wants It and Why? • Citizens • Good governance • Improve daily lives • Businesses • make decisions • build new products • Government • Increase effectiveness • Improve efficiency • Reduce demands • Researchers • More rigorous research, • Stronger policy recommendations hackvt.coml O’Neil-Dunne 2013
  • 24. Sustainability • Tension between piloting and changing government to ‘open by default’ • Small, pilot projects allow you to “fail small, fail fast and fail forward”* • But sustaining often means cultural change within organizations • Use what already works within state systems • Incentives/rewards for openness * Chris Taggart on the Rewards of Failure
  • 25. Commonly-Cited Barriers • Cost-recovery • Privacy legislation • Questions around quantifiable benefits • Fears of misuse, poor quality • Mixing of open data efforts with e-government approaches
  • 27. Lessons • Local and timely • Build comfort and buy-in early and often • True data, not just charts, PDFs, and reports • Does providing ‘data by department’ make sense to users? • Think bigger than just financial data
  • 29. Resources • The New Ambiguity of “Open Government” • http://www.uclalawreview.org/?p=3663 • The Benefits of a Big Tent: Opening Up Government in Developing Countries • http://www.uclalawreview.org/?p=4017 • Open Data: an international comparison of strategies • http://www.epractice.eu/files/European%20Journal%20epractice%20Volume%2012_1.pdf • Sunlight Foundation piece on the evolution of the concept of open data • http://sunlightfoundation.com/blog/2013/09/16/your-guidelines-to-open-data-guidelines-pt-2- stages-of-development/ • Catalogs of catalogs: • Maintained by US Government : www.data.gov/opendatasites • Global catalog of catalogs: http://datacatalogs.org/ • Chris Taggart on the rewards of failure: • http://www.slideshare.net/countculture/open-data-the-rewards-of-failure • 3D High-Resolution Land Cover Example for Syracuse, NY. Jarlath O'Neil-Dunne. figshare. http://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.703134 Retrieved 03:27, Oct 08, 2013 (GMT)