This document discusses open source database management software available online. It provides an introduction to online databases and database management systems. It then covers the history of database systems from the 1940s to current web databases. It also discusses the structure of databases and different types including bibliographic, full-text, numeric, image, audio/video, and mixed databases.
Compression Options in Hadoop - A Tale of TradeoffsDataWorks Summit
Yahoo! is one of the most-visited web sites in the world. It runs one of the largest private cloud infrastructures, one that operates on petabytes of data every day. Being able to store and manage that data well is essential to the efficient functioning of Yahoo!`s Hadoop clusters. A key component that enables this efficient operation is data compression. With regard to compression algorithms, there is an underlying tension between compression ratio and compression performance. Consequently, Hadoop provides support for several compression algorithms, including gzip, bzip2, Snappy, LZ4 and others. This plethora of options can make it difficult for users to select appropriate codecs for their MapReduce jobs. This paper attempts to provide guidance in that regard. Performance results with Gridmix and with several corpuses of data are presented. The paper also describes enhancements we have made to the bzip2 codec that improve its performance. This will be of particular interest to the increasing number of users operating on “Big Data” who require the best possible ratios. The impact of using the Intel IPP libraries is also investigated; these have the potential to improve performance significantly. Finally, a few proposals for future enhancements to Hadoop in this area are outlined.
Espresso: LinkedIn's Distributed Data Serving Platform (Talk)Amy W. Tang
This talk was given by Swaroop Jagadish (Staff Software Engineer @ LinkedIn) at the ACM SIGMOD/PODS Conference (June 2013). For the paper written by the LinkedIn Espresso Team, go here:
http://www.slideshare.net/amywtang/espresso-20952131
Use cases and examples using Apache Spark, presented at the Hadoop User Group (UK) November 2014 Hadoop Meetup
http://www.meetup.com/hadoop-users-group-uk/events/217791892/
Compression Options in Hadoop - A Tale of TradeoffsDataWorks Summit
Yahoo! is one of the most-visited web sites in the world. It runs one of the largest private cloud infrastructures, one that operates on petabytes of data every day. Being able to store and manage that data well is essential to the efficient functioning of Yahoo!`s Hadoop clusters. A key component that enables this efficient operation is data compression. With regard to compression algorithms, there is an underlying tension between compression ratio and compression performance. Consequently, Hadoop provides support for several compression algorithms, including gzip, bzip2, Snappy, LZ4 and others. This plethora of options can make it difficult for users to select appropriate codecs for their MapReduce jobs. This paper attempts to provide guidance in that regard. Performance results with Gridmix and with several corpuses of data are presented. The paper also describes enhancements we have made to the bzip2 codec that improve its performance. This will be of particular interest to the increasing number of users operating on “Big Data” who require the best possible ratios. The impact of using the Intel IPP libraries is also investigated; these have the potential to improve performance significantly. Finally, a few proposals for future enhancements to Hadoop in this area are outlined.
Espresso: LinkedIn's Distributed Data Serving Platform (Talk)Amy W. Tang
This talk was given by Swaroop Jagadish (Staff Software Engineer @ LinkedIn) at the ACM SIGMOD/PODS Conference (June 2013). For the paper written by the LinkedIn Espresso Team, go here:
http://www.slideshare.net/amywtang/espresso-20952131
Use cases and examples using Apache Spark, presented at the Hadoop User Group (UK) November 2014 Hadoop Meetup
http://www.meetup.com/hadoop-users-group-uk/events/217791892/
Improve Data Protection and Compliance with UI-Level Logging and MaskingPatric Dahse
For more info about how Natuvion can help with GDPR, visit us on our site: https://natuvion-gdpr.com/
This session highlights two solutions from SAP that can help you increase protection from data theft, and support corporate efforts to comply e.g. with General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR).
Discover how you can benefit from enhanced data access logging and field masking, see the systems in action and get answers to questions around prerequisites, implementation, and operation!
Change Request Management (ChaRM) tool in SAP Solution Manager addresses the challenges described in the previous slide.
It enables to manage and control changes within system landscape from a central SAP Solution Manager system.
It integrates SAP CRM business transaction functionality for managing request for change and allows you to process your projects universally from change management and project planning, through resource management and cost control, to the physical transport of the changes from the development environment into the production environment.
There is a myth that SAP is not accessible and cannot be attacked from the Internet. The system becomes more and more popular, cloud services and mobile solutions appear, so more and more SAP services become accessible from the Internet.
Why are vulnerabilities which allow to read any file from SAP OS important? Because SAP stores a lot of sensitive information in files. It can be log files, traces files, some configurations or properties files. Of course, most of them have protection like encryption, but the presentation shows how you can easily bypass this encryption.
DISTRIBUTED DATABASE WITH RECOVERY TECHNIQUESAAKANKSHA JAIN
Distributed Database Designs are nothing but multiple, logically related Database systems, physically distributed over several sites, using a Computer Network, which is usually under a centralized site control.
Distributed database design refers to the following problem:
Given a database and its workload, how should the database be split and allocated to sites so as to optimize certain objective function
There are two issues:
(i) Data fragmentation which determines how the data should be fragmented.
(ii) Data allocation which determines how the fragments should be allocated.
A MapReduce job usually splits the input data-set into independent chunks which are processed by the map tasks in a completely parallel manner. The framework sorts the outputs of the maps, which are then input to the reduce tasks. Typically both the input and the output of the job are stored in a file-system.
Unified Connectivity (UCON) for SAP NetWeaver OverviewSAP Technology
For more info: http://scn.sap.com/community/security.
To help you keep up with ever-growing security challenges, SAP NetWeaver 7.40 includes a new framework, Unified Connectivity (UCON), for securing Remote Function Calls (RFCs). UCON reduces the number of Remote-Enabled Function Modules (RFMs) that can be accessed from outside, thus dramatically reducing the potential attack surface.
Improve Data Protection and Compliance with UI-Level Logging and MaskingPatric Dahse
For more info about how Natuvion can help with GDPR, visit us on our site: https://natuvion-gdpr.com/
This session highlights two solutions from SAP that can help you increase protection from data theft, and support corporate efforts to comply e.g. with General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR).
Discover how you can benefit from enhanced data access logging and field masking, see the systems in action and get answers to questions around prerequisites, implementation, and operation!
Change Request Management (ChaRM) tool in SAP Solution Manager addresses the challenges described in the previous slide.
It enables to manage and control changes within system landscape from a central SAP Solution Manager system.
It integrates SAP CRM business transaction functionality for managing request for change and allows you to process your projects universally from change management and project planning, through resource management and cost control, to the physical transport of the changes from the development environment into the production environment.
There is a myth that SAP is not accessible and cannot be attacked from the Internet. The system becomes more and more popular, cloud services and mobile solutions appear, so more and more SAP services become accessible from the Internet.
Why are vulnerabilities which allow to read any file from SAP OS important? Because SAP stores a lot of sensitive information in files. It can be log files, traces files, some configurations or properties files. Of course, most of them have protection like encryption, but the presentation shows how you can easily bypass this encryption.
DISTRIBUTED DATABASE WITH RECOVERY TECHNIQUESAAKANKSHA JAIN
Distributed Database Designs are nothing but multiple, logically related Database systems, physically distributed over several sites, using a Computer Network, which is usually under a centralized site control.
Distributed database design refers to the following problem:
Given a database and its workload, how should the database be split and allocated to sites so as to optimize certain objective function
There are two issues:
(i) Data fragmentation which determines how the data should be fragmented.
(ii) Data allocation which determines how the fragments should be allocated.
A MapReduce job usually splits the input data-set into independent chunks which are processed by the map tasks in a completely parallel manner. The framework sorts the outputs of the maps, which are then input to the reduce tasks. Typically both the input and the output of the job are stored in a file-system.
Unified Connectivity (UCON) for SAP NetWeaver OverviewSAP Technology
For more info: http://scn.sap.com/community/security.
To help you keep up with ever-growing security challenges, SAP NetWeaver 7.40 includes a new framework, Unified Connectivity (UCON), for securing Remote Function Calls (RFCs). UCON reduces the number of Remote-Enabled Function Modules (RFMs) that can be accessed from outside, thus dramatically reducing the potential attack surface.
Organizing Data in a Traditional File Environment
File organization Term and Concepts
Computer system organizes data in a hierarchy
Bit: Smallest unit of data; binary digit (0,1)
Byte: Group of bits that represents a single character
Field: Group of characters as word(s) or number
Record: Group of related fields
File: Group of records of same type
Detailed slides of data resource management. The relationships among the many individual data elements stored in databases are based on one of several logical data structures, or models.
Summary:
A database, often abbreviated as DB, is a collection of information organized in such a way that a computer program can quickly select desired pieces of data.
You can think of a traditional database as an electronic filing system, organized by fields, records, and files.
A field is a single piece of information; a record is one complete set of fields; a file is a collection of records.
A database management system (DBMS) is a software application that allows users to store, organize, and manage large amounts of data in a structured and efficient manner. DBMS provides a centralized repository for data that can be accessed and manipulated by multiple users and applications simultaneously.
The primary functions of a DBMS include data storage, data retrieval, data security, and data integrity. DBMS allows users to define, create, and manipulate data using a variety of tools and interfaces, such as SQL queries, forms, and reports.
DBMS typically include features such as transaction management, concurrency control, backup and recovery, and query optimization to ensure the efficient and reliable operation of the system.
DBMS can be categorized into different types based on their architecture, such as relational, object-oriented, and NoSQL. Each type of DBMS has its own strengths and weaknesses, and the choice of DBMS depends on the specific requirements of the application.
Overall, a DBMS plays a critical role in managing large and complex data sets, and it is an essential tool for organizations that need to store, access, and analyze large volumes of data efficiently and effectively.
A database is a collection of information that is organized so that it can easily be accessed, managed, and updated. In one view, databases can be classified according to types of content: bibliographic, full-text, numeric, and images.....
1.Wireless Communication System_Wireless communication is a broad term that i...JeyaPerumal1
Wireless communication involves the transmission of information over a distance without the help of wires, cables or any other forms of electrical conductors.
Wireless communication is a broad term that incorporates all procedures and forms of connecting and communicating between two or more devices using a wireless signal through wireless communication technologies and devices.
Features of Wireless Communication
The evolution of wireless technology has brought many advancements with its effective features.
The transmitted distance can be anywhere between a few meters (for example, a television's remote control) and thousands of kilometers (for example, radio communication).
Wireless communication can be used for cellular telephony, wireless access to the internet, wireless home networking, and so on.
ER(Entity Relationship) Diagram for online shopping - TAEHimani415946
https://bit.ly/3KACoyV
The ER diagram for the project is the foundation for the building of the database of the project. The properties, datatypes, and attributes are defined by the ER diagram.
This 7-second Brain Wave Ritual Attracts Money To You.!nirahealhty
Discover the power of a simple 7-second brain wave ritual that can attract wealth and abundance into your life. By tapping into specific brain frequencies, this technique helps you manifest financial success effortlessly. Ready to transform your financial future? Try this powerful ritual and start attracting money today!
Multi-cluster Kubernetes Networking- Patterns, Projects and GuidelinesSanjeev Rampal
Talk presented at Kubernetes Community Day, New York, May 2024.
Technical summary of Multi-Cluster Kubernetes Networking architectures with focus on 4 key topics.
1) Key patterns for Multi-cluster architectures
2) Architectural comparison of several OSS/ CNCF projects to address these patterns
3) Evolution trends for the APIs of these projects
4) Some design recommendations & guidelines for adopting/ deploying these solutions.
Multi-cluster Kubernetes Networking- Patterns, Projects and Guidelines
Open Source Database Management Software available on the Net
1. OOppeenn SSoouurrccee DDaattaabbaassee
MMaannaaggeemmeenntt SSooffttwwaarree
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UUmmeesshhaa NNaaiikk
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PPrrooff.. DD SShhiivvaalliinnggaaiiaahh
Department of Studies in Library and Information
Science, Mangalore University, Mangalore -574 199,
Karnataka, India
umeshai@yahoo.com d_shivaling@yahoo.com
2. IInnttrroodduuccttiioonn
Online databases are organized collections of
computerized information or data such as
periodical articles, books, graphics and
multimedia that can be searched to retrieve
information. Databases can be general or
subject oriented with bibliographic citations,
abstracts, and or full text. Online databases
that are retrieved on the World Wide Web are
generally non-fee based, lack in-depth
indexing, and do not index proprietary
resources.
3. IInnttrroodduuccttiioonn
Databases are programs that store
information that needs to be accessed and
reproduced in many different ways. Database
is a structured collection of records or data
that is stored in a computer system. The
structure is achieved by organizing the data
according to a database model. The model in
most common use today is the relational
model. Other models such as the hierarchical
model and the network model use a more
explicit representation of relationships.
4.
5.
6. Database MMaannaaggeemmeenntt SSyysstteemm
((DDBBMMSS))
A DBMS is a set of software programs that controls
the organization, storage, management, and retrieval
of data in a database. DBMS are categorized
according to their data structures or types. It is a set
of prewritten programs that are used to store,
update and retrieve a Database. The DBMS accepts
requests for data from the application program and
instructs the operating system to transfer the
appropriate data. When a DBMS is used, information
systems can be changed much more easily as the
organization's information requirements change.
New categories of data can be added to the database
without disruption to the existing system.
7. History of Database Systems
• 1940's, 50's Initial use of computers as
calculators. Limited data focus on
algorithms. Science, military applications
• 1960's Business uses. Organizational data,
customer data, sales, inventory,
accounting, etc. File system based, high
emphasis on applications programs to
extract and assimilate data. Larger
amounts of data, relatively simple
calculations
• 1970's The relational model. Data separated
into individual tables. Related by keys.
Initially required heavy system resources.
Examples: Oracle, Sybase, Informix, IBM
DB2
8. History of Database Systems
• 1980's Microcomputers - the IBM PC, Apple
Macintosh. Database program such as
DBase, Paradox, FoxPro, MS Access.
Individual user can create, maintain small
databases
• Late- 1980's Local area networks.
Workgroups sharing resources such as
files, printers, e-mail
• Client/Server Database resides on a central
server, applications programs run on client
PCs attached to the server over a LAN
• 1990's Internet and World Wide Web make
databases of all kinds available from a
single type of client - the Web Browser
9. SSttrruuccttuurree ooff ddaattaabbaasseess
• Understanding the structure of a database
will help you locate and retrieve information
more efficiently.
• The information about each item in a
database is called a record. For example, the
Library Catalog has a record for each item
(each book, journal, newspaper, video, map,
etc.) located in the library.
• A record is composed of individual elements
of information called fields. All the records in
a given database are composed of a common
set of fields. These fields can be used as
access points when searching a database.
10. Types of databases
• Bibliographic databases - provide citations
(a listing of information about the item), and
sometimes include abstracts (summaries)
or descriptions of the items.
• Full-text databases - contain the full text of
a work.
• Numeric databases - provide mostly
numeric data (numbers) such as statistics
or financial data.
11. Types of databases
• Image databases - could include art prints,
photos, animations, and other types of
images
• Audio/Video databases - could include
audio clips of sound effects and music
samples or video excerpts from speeches,
television shows, or other broadcast
media.
• Mixed databases - combine two or more of
the other database types.
12. Evolution of the database technology
During the past three decades, the database
technology for information systems has
undergone four generations of evolution. The
transition from one generation to the next has
always been necessitated by the ever-increasing
complexity of database applications and the cost
of implementing, maintaining, and extending
these applications. The first generation was file
system, such as ISAM and VSAM. The second
generation was hierarchical database systems,
such as IMS and System 2000. The third
generation was CODASYL database systems,
such as IDS, TOTAL, ADABAS, IDMS, etc.
13.
14. RDBMS
A RDBMS is a DBMS that is based on the
relational model as introduced by E. F. Codd.
A RDBMS may be a DBMS in which data is
stored in the form of tables and the
relationship among the data is also stored in
the form of tables. Relational Database is a
database that groups of data using common
attributes found in the data set. The resulting
"clumps" of organized data are much easier
for people to understand. The software used
to do this grouping is called a RDBMS. The
term "relational database" often refers to this
type of software.
15. RDBMS
DBMS is computer software that manages
databases. DBMS may use any of a variety of
database models, such as the network model
or relational model. In large systems, a
DBMS allows users and other software to
store and retrieve data in a structured way. A
DBMS is a computer program (or more
typically, a suite of them) designed to
manage a database, a large set of structured
data, and run operations on the data
requested by numerous users.
16.
17. Web Database
A web database is a data store or information
repository that can be accessed via a query
language or on application program. Unlike
conventional database systems a web
database access is not typically performed
using queries typed at a command line or
through custom designed programming
interfaces. Web databases are accessed via
other Web applications; especially forms that
are developed using standardized HTML tags.
HTML form interfaces enable is to create
applications that integrate database
functionality and provide access to
organizational data repositories on behalf of
Web clients.
18. Web Database
A web database is designed for:
•better management of large document-based
information repositories to internal and/or
external users of the information.
•better use of legacy database systems, the
information they contain, and existing
applications.
19. Web Database
•unlocking the potential of unused information
held within organizational databases.
Information from databases within various
parts of an organization, such as information
relating to finance, human resources, project
management etc, can be consolidated using
Web-based applications and served to users
as though it is available from a single source.
•extending the functionality of the Web server
so that the information is made available to
internal and external users
23. Conclusion
Advancement of Web technologies over the
last decade has moved the database
technology from close doors to outdoors.
Presently most of the websites require some
basic level support at the backend through
the databases. This process is also known as
publishing database content through a Web
server. The most basic feature a DBMS has is
the underlying data schema.
24. Conclusion
This paper discusses the advantages of open
source DBMS software and its availability,
use, features, supporting interfaces, type of
software. It is suggested that a database
website offers many advantages over one
built from static HTML pages. These include a
consistency of style and content, the ability
to present different views of the same data,
devolved editing and enhanced security.