Notary
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The document discusses which types of contracts require notarization according to law and the purpose of notary public verification. Specifically, it states that real estate deeds and documents like adoption papers, wills, and medical forms typically must be notarized. A notary public is licensed to acknowledge signatures and review identification to validate signings. While private contracts and some court documents usually don't require notarization, the overall goal is to authenticate signatures to avoid legal issues from denied signatures. Notarization provides an inexpensive way to ensure document authenticity and most notaries are bonded in case of mistakes.
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CONTEMPORNEA EXPOSITIO EXTERNAL AID TO INTERPRETATION
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بيان ملتقى تنمية المرأة حول إستبعاد تخصيص مقاعد للمرأة فى قانون الإنتخابات
بيان ملتقى تنمية المرأة حول إستبعاد تخصيص مقاعد للمرأة فى قانون الإنتخابات
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Civil-law notaries are highly trained legal professionals in civil law countries who have specialized knowledge in areas like contracts, property transactions, and estate planning. Unlike common law notaries, civil-law notaries have more extensive legal training and authority. They draft legal documents, provide legal advice, and their documents have official legal status. To become a civil-law notary requires an undergraduate law degree plus a graduate degree in notarial law, and they must complete an apprenticeship before practicing independently. Their work is also tightly regulated by the government.
Presentation (workshop)
This document provides information on legal proceedings and agreements at IGNOU. It discusses the essential elements of a valid contract under Indian law, including proposal and acceptance, consideration, capacity and consent of parties, legality of object and consideration, writing and registration if required, certainty and possibility of performance. It also outlines the types of agreements handled by IGNOU, including templates and structures for agreements. Finally, it discusses the role of the legal cell and methodology for handling legal cases at regional centres, including the types of cases that may be filed.
Understanding the Power of Attorney in Dubai
A power of attorney (POA) is a legal instrument that defines the relationship between the person who empowers another person to make decisions and act on behalf of the one who empowers the second person.
Documents need authorization & Notarization
Notarization ensures the validity of the documents. So, it is important to notarize the documents. Documents need authorization. Under witnesses of notary public, document is notarized.
What is Notary Public in Brampton
A notary public is an official authorized to witness important documents like affidavits and powers of attorney, and their duties vary by jurisdiction but generally include witnessing signatures and administering oaths. Notary publics charge a fee for their services and validate documents by marking them with their signature and seal. The role of notaries can trace its origins back to ancient Rome when legal scribes kept government records.
Home Loans - Is the Property Legally Clear?
Owning a house is usually considered as an important achievement in one's life. One should be very careful when acquiring a property. One should thoroughly verify the legality of the property before acquiring it to avoid future disappointments.
Drafting of Pre Contractual Instruments-Class-2.pptx
This document provides information about pre-contractual instruments such as term sheets, letters of intent, and memorandums of understanding. It defines these instruments and provides examples of their purpose and common components. Term sheets outline the key terms of an agreement in a list format before legal contracts are drafted. Letters of intent declare the preliminary commitment to do business and include important deal points. Memorandums of understanding describe the mutual understanding between parties on a project scope but are not always legally binding. These pre-contractual documents help establish agreement early in negotiations.
Affidavit
An affidavit is a written statement sworn under oath or affirmation before an authorized person such as a notary public or magistrate. It must relate facts within the affiant's personal knowledge and be signed in the first person. Filing a false affidavit can result in perjury charges. Affidavits are used in legal proceedings and to prove or support facts in situations like property disputes, name changes, and lost documents.
Legal Documents And Filing Systems
Legal contracts must contain elements like agreement between parties, consideration or exchange of value, contractual capacity of parties, legality of contract terms, and genuine assent without misrepresentation. Common types of contracts include rental agreements and mortgages. Negotiable instruments like checks have requirements like being in writing, containing an unconditional promise to pay, and being delivered to the payee. An organized filing system with labeled folders filed alphabetically can help manage personal records on topics like taxes, insurance, and household matters. Electronic tools like spreadsheets and databases also aid in record keeping.
The negotiable instruments act , 1881.pptx
The national savings certificate is not a negotiable instrument. The other options - cheque, bill of exchange, and promissory note are negotiable instruments as per the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881.
A national savings certificate is a savings scheme offered by the Government of India to promote small savings. It is not a written document that creates a right in favor of someone and is freely transferable by delivery or endorsement. Hence, it is not considered a negotiable instrument.
Contract
This document discusses the key elements required for a valid contract. It defines a contract and outlines the essential requirements including lawful subject matter, competent parties, valid consideration, free consent, and proper form. Specifically, it notes that for a contract to be valid it must have a lawful purpose, involve legally competent parties, include consideration, involve free consent without undue influence, and meet any legal requirements for written form. If any of these essential elements are missing, the contract may be considered void, voidable, or unenforceable.
Unconscionable Contract
Courts use the term "unconscionable" to describe conduct that is either unjust or one-sided to benefit one party more than the other. In contract law, an unconscionable contract is one that no reasonable person would enter into without some very compelling reason. Those who do end up entering into unconscionable contracts tend to be poorly educated, living in poverty, or have been unable to find a fairer agreement elsewhere. Bhanu Prakash Singh Markam"Unconscionable Contract" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-5 , August 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd17083.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/other/17083/unconscionable-contract/bhanu-prakash-singh-markam
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Private Limited Company vs Limited Liability Partnership (LLP) vs One Person ...
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It should take no longer than 5 minutes to choose between the available legal structures for your business. Your options are the Private Limited Company, Limited Liability Partnership (LLP), One-Person Company (OPC), General Partnership and Sole Proprietorship. But the general approach to this decision is so academic, entrepreneurs end up wasting their time. There’s no need to educate yourself on the minute differences between say, a Private Limited Company and an LLP. This is because, with only a few exceptions, every business will be suited to just one legal structure. So let's find out which one is right for you.Articles of Association and its Contents
The articles of association are the internal rules and regulations of a company that are subordinate to and controlled by the memorandum of association. They deal with member rights and carrying out the aims of the memorandum. The articles must contain certain provisions depending on the type of company, such as restricting share transfers for a private company. They typically contain rules regarding share capital, meetings, directors, accounts, and winding up. The articles are signed by subscribers in the presence of a witness.
MOU's and MOA's
The document outlines the key differences between a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) and a Memorandum of Association (MOA). An MOU defines a general understanding between parties and does not involve funds, while an MOA is a legal document required for company registration that defines the relationship with shareholders and includes details like the company name and shareholder names. Both documents can be modified more easily than treaties but serve different purposes, with an MOU outlining cooperation and an MOA serving as a company's constitution.
What is the difference between a Trademark and a Service Mark?
A service mark is a word, name, symbol or device that identifies and distinguishes the source of a service. It can be registered to exclusively identify the services of one business and differentiate those services from competitors. A service mark is used in the advertising or sale of services, whereas a trademark identifies goods. The procedures for registering and rights granted are otherwise the same for trademarks and service marks, except service marks are used to identify services rather than products. Specimens demonstrate how a mark is presented publicly and can include advertisements, flyers or photographs for service marks.
What is patent licensing?
Patent licensing involves granting exploitation rights over a patent to a licensee rather than exploiting the patent directly. This forms a legal contract that spells out the rights and obligations of both parties. Licenses can be revoked if obligations like sales targets are not met, while assigning a patent transfers ownership permanently. Licensors seek to profit from royalties paid by licensees over the patent term. Performance obligations in licenses help ensure steady progress in developing and marketing the patented invention.
What is the procedure to apply for a copyright?
The document outlines the procedure to apply for a copyright in India. It begins by defining copyright and noting that it is governed by the Copyright Act of 1957. It then lists the rights conferred by registration, noting that while registration is not required to acquire copyright, it provides evidentiary support in legal disputes. Finally, it provides the requisites for a copyright application and outlines the application and examination procedure, concluding that a certificate will be issued if the application satisfies the Copyright Registry.
What is the difference between a Contract and an Agreement?
A contract is a legally binding agreement between two or more competent parties that creates obligations. The key elements of a valid contract are offer and acceptance, lawful consideration, capacity and consent of the parties, a lawful object, and certainty. Contracts can be express, implied, oral, or written. An agreement is a broader term that refers to a mutual understanding between parties, but it may lack elements like consideration that are necessary for a contract to be legally enforceable. While contracts create legal obligations, agreements are not always legally binding and can be changed by either party.
Sales Tax Registration
The document outlines the documents needed to register for sales tax in 3 sentences or less depending on the type of business entity. For a sole proprietorship, documents include identity proof, passport photos, and proof of business premises ownership or rental. For a partnership firm, the same documents are required for each partner. For a private limited company, identity proof and photos are needed for each director along with documents proving ownership or rental of business premises.
Trademark Licensing
Trademark licensing allows a registered trademark owner to grant permission to another party to use the trademark. It provides benefits to both parties, allowing the owner to expand their business and the licensee to generate revenue with less investment. However, there is a risk that the licensee could exploit the trademark more successfully than the owner or that unauthorized usage could occur. Key principles for trademark licensing include source identification, where the trademark must be connected to the owner, quality control to preserve the brand's reputation, and connection in the course of trade to ensure quality control is maintained.
Rules to follow to set up a Joint Venture with an Indian company
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An FIR is a written document prepared by the police upon receiving information about a cognizable crime. It is called a "First Information Report" because it contains the first information received by the police about a crime. An FIR can be filed by the victim of the crime or anyone else who has knowledge of the crime. It should include details like the names and descriptions of those involved, the date, time, and location of the incident. Recording an FIR immediately is important as it helps the police arrest offenders and collect evidence, and the earliest version is considered most reliable by courts.
“Shops and establishments” Registration
This document summarizes the key points of the Shops and Establishments Act, including that it requires all business establishments in India to register, it covers various types of commercial establishments, and sets rules around working hours, leave, and maintaining employment records. Employers must register their business within 30 days of opening, providing details to the Inspector, and get a registration certificate to display. Any changes or closure must also be communicated. The specific rules can vary by state.
Loan agreement
A loan agreement outlines the terms and conditions agreed upon between a lender and borrower for a loan. It defines responsibilities of both parties for the loan's duration. Key points addressed include applicable interest rates and fees, repayment terms, penalties for early payoff, and whether the loan is secured or unsecured by collateral. To enter a loan agreement, borrowers optimize their credit, establish income sources, research loan types and lenders, and provide documentation before signing.
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This document discusses legal notice and provides guidance on drafting a legal notice. It explains that there are three types of legal notices: legal notice, constructive notice, and actual notice. Legal notice is a notice given to inform the public about certain legal proceedings. The document then outlines the key parts of a legal notice template, including the footer with contact details, main body with reasons and required actions, and a signature section. It provides examples of language to use for each part. Finally, it discusses specifics around drafting a legal notice for tenant eviction, such as including names, dates, facts, and the objective in a polite but firm tone.
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A consumer complaint cannot be filed for goods or services that are used for commercial purposes, or intended to generate a profit. However, if a product is used for self-employment, even if it is involved in profit maximization, it is not considered commercial use. For example, Rahul who owns a transport company cannot file a complaint about a defective truck he purchased for his business use.
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A consumer complaint cannot be filed for goods or services that are used for commercial purposes, or intended to generate a profit. However, if a product is used for self-employment, even if it is involved in profit maximization, it is not considered commercial use. For example, Rahul who owns a transport company cannot file a complaint about a defective truck he purchased for his business use.
Letter of intent
A letter of intent (LOI) outlines the intended terms of an agreement between two parties, but is not legally binding. It acknowledges both parties' willingness to enter a business relationship or transaction. While not completely binding, some LOIs contain provisions like non-disclosure agreements or an agreement to negotiate in good faith. LOIs are similar to memorandums of understanding but differ in that LOIs involve two parties and require signature from just the expressing party, whereas MOUs involve multiple parties and require all signatures. LOIs are commonly used during mergers and acquisitions, construction projects, real estate purchases, and for applying for government grants.
Terms to include in a terms of service
The document outlines key terms that should be included in a terms of service agreement between a service provider and client. It recommends specifying charging fees including rates, payment deadlines and late fees, limits on outstanding debt, working hours, procedures for terminating a project early, the client accepting all work, rights over ownership of completed work, and restrictions on copying or marketing completed work. The terms of service help ensure both parties understand expectations to avoid future complications.
Closing down a proprietorship
A proprietorship can be closed for two main reasons - the wish of the proprietor or the death of the proprietor. If closing due to the proprietor's wish, there is generally no legal process required but any licenses held must be surrendered according to state laws. It is also advisable to clear all debts before closing to avoid future litigation. When closing a bank account associated with the proprietorship, any credit taken from the bank such as overdrafts must also be paid off.
Liaison office in India
The document discusses the role and permissions of a liaison office in India. A liaison office acts as a communication channel between a foreign parent company and its current or prospective customers in India, allowing it to represent the parent company, promote exports/imports and technical/financial collaborations. However, a liaison office cannot conduct any commercial activities or earn income in India. It must comply with tax withholding obligations and can only repatriate balances in its special bank account upon closure. Setting one up involves applying to the Reserve Bank of India with various documents like the parent company's charter and audited financial statements.
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What is the difference between a Trademark and a Service Mark?
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Notary
- 1. WHICH CONTRACTS HAVE TO BE NOTARISED AS PER LAW? WHAT IS THE SIGNIFICANCE OF NOTARY PUBLIC VERIFICATION?
- 2. DOCUMENTS WHICH NEED TO BE NOTARIZED Not all contracts have to be notarized, unless specifically required by the state law or the municipal law. The most common types of documents that the law requires to be notarized to be legal and valid are real estate deeds. Other documents include adoption papers, wills, trusts and medical release forms.
- 3. WHO IS A NOTARY PUBLIC? A notary public is a person who is licensed by a state government to acknowledge and approve others’ signatures. Notaries are certified and trained to review identification papers and witness the signing of a contract.
- 4. DOCUMENTS WHICH NEED NOT BE NOTARIZED There are a few types of documents which do not necessarily need to be notarized, such as, any private contract for sale of goods or services, divorce papers (subject to exceptions) and court papers like petitions and motions. The reason - the person signing the form/document is the person who drafted it.
- 5. PURPOSE OF NOTARIZATION The purpose is to ensure that the signature of the person on the document is that of the person whose signature it claims to be and thus, avoid legal hassles that may arise if a person denies to have signed that particular contract.
- 6. ADVANTAGES Verification of a document by a notary public is an inexpensive way to ensure the authenticity of the document. Also, most state governments provide that notaries be bonded by insurance companies.
- 7. ADVANTAGES (contd.) The advantage is that if the notary makes any mistake while verifying the documents such as failure to witness the actual signing or failure in identification, and that mistake causes one to lose a contract lawsuit, then the insurance company, who issued the bond for the notary, will be responsible for the damages incurred by the business.