Rizal had a difficult winter in 1886 in Berlin, where he was sick, hungry, and alone. His fortunes changed when his first novel Noli Me Tangere was published in March 1887. Like Santa Claus, Rizal's friend Dr. Maximo Viola arrived in Berlin and loaned Rizal funds to publish the novel, saving it from being burned by a desperate Rizal. Rizal began writing the novel in 1884 and finished it over time in Madrid, Paris, and Berlin. After its completion, Rizal and Viola chose an affordable printing shop in Berlin to publish the novel in February 1887.