This presentation outlines the forest management plan of the Nisqually Community Forest, in the Upper Busywild subwatershed. Justin Hall presented the plan at the March 2016 NRC meeting
This document discusses land use and land cover classification systems. It introduces the USGS classification system developed by Anderson et al. that divides land into categories like urban, agricultural, forest, and rangeland lands at different levels of detail. The classification system can be used to visually interpret land use from aerial imagery by identifying boundaries between categories based on texture, tone, shape and other visual cues. Comparing land use maps from different dates using the same classification system allows analysis of land use change over time.
THE IMPORTANCE OF SAMPLING FOR THE EFFICIENCY OF ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS I...Ricardo Brasil
This document discusses the importance of sampling design for the accuracy of artificial neural networks (ANNs) in digital soil mapping. It evaluates the impact of different training site sampling methods on ANN predictive accuracy in two study areas in Portugal. Results show that sampling method significantly affects ANN performance, with stratified sampling reflecting spatial autocorrelation of soil properties achieving the highest accuracy. Sampling training sites close together based on their spatial relationship learns faster than random sampling, allowing the ANN model to converge to a better solution more quickly. The predictive accuracy of ANNs for soil mapping is highly dependent on the sampling approach used to select training data.
T6 lutfi qasem remote sensing and gis applications executive summaryNENAwaterscarcity
This document discusses a study that used remote sensing and GIS applications to classify soils in the Upper Wadi Rasyan Catchment Area of Taiz Governorate, Yemen. Soil physical and chemical properties were analyzed to produce a soil map of the study area. GIS was used to digitize maps and overlay remote sensing data, which helped complete the work more efficiently. The soil was classified according to the USDA soil taxonomy system and five main soil orders were identified. The soil survey provides a foundation for land use planning and management by describing the characteristics, limitations, and potential uses of the different soil types in the study area.
This document discusses using artificial neural networks (ANNs) to help complete digital soil maps of Portugal at a scale of 1:100,000. Currently only about 45% of Portugal has been mapped at this scale, as soil surveys are expensive and time-consuming. The study investigates using two types of ANNs - GeoSom and Multi-layer Perceptron - along with five different sampling strategies to predict soil types in two catchments in Northern Portugal. Landscape variables related to soil formation, like those derived from digital elevation models, land use, and lithology, are combined with existing soil map data to train the ANNs. Results show that the sampling strategy has a greater impact on the accuracy of predictions than the specific
This 3D seismic survey was conducted over a coal mine reserve area to better define a geologic structure that could adversely impact longwall mining. The survey revealed an abrupt change in coal seam elevation, or "roll", that trends south into the reserve area before turning southeast. It also identified a deeper geologic structure beneath the roll that seismic time-slice sections suggest is a paleochannel meandering in a similar direction to the roll. Integrating borehole and seismic data using computer modeling, 3D block diagrams were generated showing the steep slope on the west flank of the roll that gradually decreases as it turns southeast. The high-resolution 3D seismic data provided valuable subsurface information to mine engineers for longwall panel development planning
This document discusses land use and land cover classification systems. It introduces the USGS classification system developed by Anderson et al. that divides land into categories like urban, agricultural, forest, and rangeland lands at different levels of detail. The classification system can be used to visually interpret land use from aerial imagery by identifying boundaries between categories based on texture, tone, shape and other visual cues. Comparing land use maps from different dates using the same classification system allows analysis of land use change over time.
THE IMPORTANCE OF SAMPLING FOR THE EFFICIENCY OF ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS I...Ricardo Brasil
This document discusses the importance of sampling design for the accuracy of artificial neural networks (ANNs) in digital soil mapping. It evaluates the impact of different training site sampling methods on ANN predictive accuracy in two study areas in Portugal. Results show that sampling method significantly affects ANN performance, with stratified sampling reflecting spatial autocorrelation of soil properties achieving the highest accuracy. Sampling training sites close together based on their spatial relationship learns faster than random sampling, allowing the ANN model to converge to a better solution more quickly. The predictive accuracy of ANNs for soil mapping is highly dependent on the sampling approach used to select training data.
T6 lutfi qasem remote sensing and gis applications executive summaryNENAwaterscarcity
This document discusses a study that used remote sensing and GIS applications to classify soils in the Upper Wadi Rasyan Catchment Area of Taiz Governorate, Yemen. Soil physical and chemical properties were analyzed to produce a soil map of the study area. GIS was used to digitize maps and overlay remote sensing data, which helped complete the work more efficiently. The soil was classified according to the USDA soil taxonomy system and five main soil orders were identified. The soil survey provides a foundation for land use planning and management by describing the characteristics, limitations, and potential uses of the different soil types in the study area.
This document discusses using artificial neural networks (ANNs) to help complete digital soil maps of Portugal at a scale of 1:100,000. Currently only about 45% of Portugal has been mapped at this scale, as soil surveys are expensive and time-consuming. The study investigates using two types of ANNs - GeoSom and Multi-layer Perceptron - along with five different sampling strategies to predict soil types in two catchments in Northern Portugal. Landscape variables related to soil formation, like those derived from digital elevation models, land use, and lithology, are combined with existing soil map data to train the ANNs. Results show that the sampling strategy has a greater impact on the accuracy of predictions than the specific
This 3D seismic survey was conducted over a coal mine reserve area to better define a geologic structure that could adversely impact longwall mining. The survey revealed an abrupt change in coal seam elevation, or "roll", that trends south into the reserve area before turning southeast. It also identified a deeper geologic structure beneath the roll that seismic time-slice sections suggest is a paleochannel meandering in a similar direction to the roll. Integrating borehole and seismic data using computer modeling, 3D block diagrams were generated showing the steep slope on the west flank of the roll that gradually decreases as it turns southeast. The high-resolution 3D seismic data provided valuable subsurface information to mine engineers for longwall panel development planning
Digital soil mapping uses statistical methods and environmental data to predict soil properties across continuous landscapes. It involves preparing soil data and predictor variables like climate, vegetation and remote sensing data. Predictor data is harmonized using techniques like principal components analysis. Soil data is also harmonized by estimating mean values at standard depth intervals. Regression models are selected to relate soil properties to predictors and create continuous prediction maps. Maps are validated and uncertainty is estimated using confidence intervals or bootstrapping. The process is implemented using the R programming language and specialized soil mapping packages.
This presentation was presented during the Workshop on Soil Cabon Mapping of the Global Soil Partnership (GSP) that took place at FAO headquarters 23 November 2016. The presentation was made by Neil McKenzie from the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Australia
This document summarizes a study that used remote sensing to analyze deforestation in Mexico between 1979 and 1990. Landsat imagery from both years was classified to create land use maps. Change detection analysis revealed that the border region of Oaxaca and Veracruz experienced significant deforestation, with forests being cleared for agriculture. Landscape metrics showed increases in fragmentation and diversity of the landscape, along with decreases in homogeneity, indicating environmental degradation over the study period.
Soil erosion assessment using RUSLE and Projection Augmented Landscape Model ...ExternalEvents
Mr. José María León Villalobos, Centro de Investigación
en Ciencias de Información Geoespacia (CentroGeo),
Mexico. Global Symposium on Soil Erosion (GSER19), 15 - 17 May 2019 at FAO HQ.
A large-scale magnetic survey was conducted over 60,000 square meters in the archaeological area of Makrygialos, Greece. The survey aimed to map archaeological features before construction destroyed parts of the site. Magnetic anomalies revealed a system of three curvilinear ditches dating to the Neolithic period. Spectral analysis of magnetic data identified magnetic sources at depths of 0.35, 2.5, and 6.7 meters, correlating with archaeological evidence of ditches and disturbed soil layers. Geophysical prospecting effectively mapped a large portion of the site before its destruction, providing valuable information for future study.
This document discusses wasteland mapping using remote sensing techniques. It describes how remote sensing, including high resolution satellite imagery and GIS, can be used to detect, assess, map and monitor wastelands. Specific techniques mentioned include visual interpretation of multi-seasonal satellite data to identify degraded lands. The document also provides details on wasteland inventory and mapping efforts in India at national and local scales.
GSOC17 Introduction, Product specifications, Existing SOC maps and methodologiesFAO
The document provides information on developing national soil organic carbon (SOC) maps according to Global Soil Partnership specifications. It outlines the methodological considerations for a country-driven approach, including compiling national SOC measurements, developing SOC soil grids using digital soil mapping, and delivering 1km version 0 SOC maps. Detailed specifications are provided for sharing national SOC data and auxiliary information. The document also discusses capacity planning and sharing examples from other national SOC inventories to support the creation of a cookbook for developing SOC maps.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
These GIS maps were created for specific purposes to demonstrate the variety of mapping projects. They include maps of Pisgah State Park for environmental research, land use around vernal pools for a book on amphibians, conserved lands for land planning, areas for wildlife conservation, and profiles of Swanzey, NH. The maps range from 2006 to 2009 and were made at 34x42 inches for display, though some distortion occurs in the powerpoint presentation. Higher quality PDFs can be requested from the mapmaker.
The document discusses different types of geologic maps. It describes classifications of maps including qualitative maps that show shape, composition, and evolution over time and quantitative maps that show geometric configuration, thickness variations, and composition. Specific map types are outlined under each classification, such as geological maps, photogeological maps, structure contour maps, isopach maps, and geophysical maps. Key elements of geologic maps like strata patterns, folds, faults, and symbols are also reviewed.
Biodiversity and Carbon Conservation in the Face of Oil-palm Development in I...CIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation on oil palm development's impact on biodiversity and carbon sequestration was given by CIFOR scientist Daniel Murdiyarso in March 2015.
This document discusses designating and managing High Conservation Value Forests (HCVFs) using the Hōnaunau Forest in Hawaii as a case study. It provides an overview of HCVFs and their definition. It then describes how HCVFs were designated in Hōnaunau Forest by reviewing spatial data and monitoring plots. The original HCVF areas were revised in 2011. Management of HCVFs in Hōnaunau Forest focuses on invasive species removal to promote native species dominance with minimal effort over 15 years. Progress is tracked using GPS data from field work.
The document discusses a project located in the Nisqually River Watershed in Pierce County, Washington. It examines how longer forest harvest intervals could increase summer streamflow in the Mashel River sub-basin's Busy Wild Creek to help salmon recovery. Simulation results show that establishing older forest landscapes over 80 years old in the Mashel watershed could significantly increase late summer streamflows compared to the current landscape with younger forests.
Sustainable Forest Management Plan for Ismailly Forest Management Unit in Aze...ENPI FLEG
This document provides a sustainable forest management plan for the Ismailly Forest Management Unit in Azerbaijan for the period of 2015-2025. It begins with an introduction to sustainable forest management and its importance. It then provides background information on forest management in Azerbaijan, including the current management system and trends toward improving existing forests and expanding forest areas. The document goes on to describe the process for sustainable forest management planning and provide specific information about the Ismailly Forest Management Unit, including ecosystems, infrastructure, forest cover changes, and stakeholder needs. It concludes by outlining management strategies, criteria and indicators, and a monitoring plan to achieve sustainable forest management goals for the unit over the 10-year period.
This document summarizes and compares forest management practices across five Northeastern states. It finds that the states employ diverse strategies for issues like timber theft, harvest forms, and trip tickets. Four states prosecute timber theft in both civil and criminal courts. States also have individualized systems for tree harvest on public and private lands, requiring different permits and forms. Only Maine mandates trip tickets to track wood transport. Overall, the document examines the varied approaches the states take to maintain their forests.
This document discusses deforestation in Indonesia. It notes that Indonesia has only 1.3% of the world's land area but contains 10% of the world's plant species and mammal species. Deforestation is reducing Indonesia's forests and threatening endangered species. On average, 1.871 million hectares of Indonesian forests are lost every year, equal to over 50 soccer fields daily. The main causes of deforestation are uncontrolled logging, land conversion for palm oil and other plantations, and abuse of development policies. Deforestation negatively impacts the atmosphere, hydrology, soil and ecosystems. Wise forest management is needed to protect what remains of Indonesia's forests.
This document outlines Javed Iqbal's proposed revisions to the format of forest management plans (working plans) in Pakistan. It discusses the shortcomings of the traditional two-part format, which lacks justification for objectives and alternatives. The proposed new format has three parts: Part I describes the forest area and existing conditions. Part II evaluates alternative objectives, species, silvicultural systems, and other choices. Part III prescribes the management plan, including working circles, programs, protection, utilization, infrastructure, administration, records, and finances.
Forest management involves the administrative, economic, legal, and social aspects of managing forests, including techniques like timber extraction, replanting species, and preventing fires. Forest management is needed to avoid the extinction of thousands of species, heavy soil erosion, increased greenhouse effects, flooding, landslides, and degraded watersheds. Methods of forest management include afforestation, reforestation, sustainable forest management practices, and avoiding wildfires. The document concludes that one of the biggest challenges is ensuring the sustainability of forest resources going forward.
Digital soil mapping uses statistical methods and environmental data to predict soil properties across continuous landscapes. It involves preparing soil data and predictor variables like climate, vegetation and remote sensing data. Predictor data is harmonized using techniques like principal components analysis. Soil data is also harmonized by estimating mean values at standard depth intervals. Regression models are selected to relate soil properties to predictors and create continuous prediction maps. Maps are validated and uncertainty is estimated using confidence intervals or bootstrapping. The process is implemented using the R programming language and specialized soil mapping packages.
This presentation was presented during the Workshop on Soil Cabon Mapping of the Global Soil Partnership (GSP) that took place at FAO headquarters 23 November 2016. The presentation was made by Neil McKenzie from the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Australia
This document summarizes a study that used remote sensing to analyze deforestation in Mexico between 1979 and 1990. Landsat imagery from both years was classified to create land use maps. Change detection analysis revealed that the border region of Oaxaca and Veracruz experienced significant deforestation, with forests being cleared for agriculture. Landscape metrics showed increases in fragmentation and diversity of the landscape, along with decreases in homogeneity, indicating environmental degradation over the study period.
Soil erosion assessment using RUSLE and Projection Augmented Landscape Model ...ExternalEvents
Mr. José María León Villalobos, Centro de Investigación
en Ciencias de Información Geoespacia (CentroGeo),
Mexico. Global Symposium on Soil Erosion (GSER19), 15 - 17 May 2019 at FAO HQ.
A large-scale magnetic survey was conducted over 60,000 square meters in the archaeological area of Makrygialos, Greece. The survey aimed to map archaeological features before construction destroyed parts of the site. Magnetic anomalies revealed a system of three curvilinear ditches dating to the Neolithic period. Spectral analysis of magnetic data identified magnetic sources at depths of 0.35, 2.5, and 6.7 meters, correlating with archaeological evidence of ditches and disturbed soil layers. Geophysical prospecting effectively mapped a large portion of the site before its destruction, providing valuable information for future study.
This document discusses wasteland mapping using remote sensing techniques. It describes how remote sensing, including high resolution satellite imagery and GIS, can be used to detect, assess, map and monitor wastelands. Specific techniques mentioned include visual interpretation of multi-seasonal satellite data to identify degraded lands. The document also provides details on wasteland inventory and mapping efforts in India at national and local scales.
GSOC17 Introduction, Product specifications, Existing SOC maps and methodologiesFAO
The document provides information on developing national soil organic carbon (SOC) maps according to Global Soil Partnership specifications. It outlines the methodological considerations for a country-driven approach, including compiling national SOC measurements, developing SOC soil grids using digital soil mapping, and delivering 1km version 0 SOC maps. Detailed specifications are provided for sharing national SOC data and auxiliary information. The document also discusses capacity planning and sharing examples from other national SOC inventories to support the creation of a cookbook for developing SOC maps.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
These GIS maps were created for specific purposes to demonstrate the variety of mapping projects. They include maps of Pisgah State Park for environmental research, land use around vernal pools for a book on amphibians, conserved lands for land planning, areas for wildlife conservation, and profiles of Swanzey, NH. The maps range from 2006 to 2009 and were made at 34x42 inches for display, though some distortion occurs in the powerpoint presentation. Higher quality PDFs can be requested from the mapmaker.
The document discusses different types of geologic maps. It describes classifications of maps including qualitative maps that show shape, composition, and evolution over time and quantitative maps that show geometric configuration, thickness variations, and composition. Specific map types are outlined under each classification, such as geological maps, photogeological maps, structure contour maps, isopach maps, and geophysical maps. Key elements of geologic maps like strata patterns, folds, faults, and symbols are also reviewed.
Biodiversity and Carbon Conservation in the Face of Oil-palm Development in I...CIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation on oil palm development's impact on biodiversity and carbon sequestration was given by CIFOR scientist Daniel Murdiyarso in March 2015.
This document discusses designating and managing High Conservation Value Forests (HCVFs) using the Hōnaunau Forest in Hawaii as a case study. It provides an overview of HCVFs and their definition. It then describes how HCVFs were designated in Hōnaunau Forest by reviewing spatial data and monitoring plots. The original HCVF areas were revised in 2011. Management of HCVFs in Hōnaunau Forest focuses on invasive species removal to promote native species dominance with minimal effort over 15 years. Progress is tracked using GPS data from field work.
The document discusses a project located in the Nisqually River Watershed in Pierce County, Washington. It examines how longer forest harvest intervals could increase summer streamflow in the Mashel River sub-basin's Busy Wild Creek to help salmon recovery. Simulation results show that establishing older forest landscapes over 80 years old in the Mashel watershed could significantly increase late summer streamflows compared to the current landscape with younger forests.
Sustainable Forest Management Plan for Ismailly Forest Management Unit in Aze...ENPI FLEG
This document provides a sustainable forest management plan for the Ismailly Forest Management Unit in Azerbaijan for the period of 2015-2025. It begins with an introduction to sustainable forest management and its importance. It then provides background information on forest management in Azerbaijan, including the current management system and trends toward improving existing forests and expanding forest areas. The document goes on to describe the process for sustainable forest management planning and provide specific information about the Ismailly Forest Management Unit, including ecosystems, infrastructure, forest cover changes, and stakeholder needs. It concludes by outlining management strategies, criteria and indicators, and a monitoring plan to achieve sustainable forest management goals for the unit over the 10-year period.
This document summarizes and compares forest management practices across five Northeastern states. It finds that the states employ diverse strategies for issues like timber theft, harvest forms, and trip tickets. Four states prosecute timber theft in both civil and criminal courts. States also have individualized systems for tree harvest on public and private lands, requiring different permits and forms. Only Maine mandates trip tickets to track wood transport. Overall, the document examines the varied approaches the states take to maintain their forests.
This document discusses deforestation in Indonesia. It notes that Indonesia has only 1.3% of the world's land area but contains 10% of the world's plant species and mammal species. Deforestation is reducing Indonesia's forests and threatening endangered species. On average, 1.871 million hectares of Indonesian forests are lost every year, equal to over 50 soccer fields daily. The main causes of deforestation are uncontrolled logging, land conversion for palm oil and other plantations, and abuse of development policies. Deforestation negatively impacts the atmosphere, hydrology, soil and ecosystems. Wise forest management is needed to protect what remains of Indonesia's forests.
This document outlines Javed Iqbal's proposed revisions to the format of forest management plans (working plans) in Pakistan. It discusses the shortcomings of the traditional two-part format, which lacks justification for objectives and alternatives. The proposed new format has three parts: Part I describes the forest area and existing conditions. Part II evaluates alternative objectives, species, silvicultural systems, and other choices. Part III prescribes the management plan, including working circles, programs, protection, utilization, infrastructure, administration, records, and finances.
Forest management involves the administrative, economic, legal, and social aspects of managing forests, including techniques like timber extraction, replanting species, and preventing fires. Forest management is needed to avoid the extinction of thousands of species, heavy soil erosion, increased greenhouse effects, flooding, landslides, and degraded watersheds. Methods of forest management include afforestation, reforestation, sustainable forest management practices, and avoiding wildfires. The document concludes that one of the biggest challenges is ensuring the sustainability of forest resources going forward.
The document discusses a pilot project to test a new mobile biofiltration system for managing stormwater runoff from Highway 7 into Ohop Creek in Washington. The system was installed in January 2022 to capture and filter runoff, collecting water quality samples during rain events to test the effectiveness of removing contaminants harmful to salmon. If successful, the relatively inexpensive and scalable system could help address a major threat to salmon recovery from increasing stormwater pollution due to growing traffic volumes. The results will inform whether wider use of the technology could help prevent harmful chemicals from polluting salmon streams.
This document summarizes a study that tracked the origins of juvenile Chinook salmon in the Nisqually River estuary using coded wire tags. The study found that most fish caught came from local Nisqually River hatcheries, but fish also originated from hatcheries in the Green, Puyallup, and Skykomish Rivers. The tagging data provides insights into the fish's migration patterns and survival rates, helping managers evaluate hatchery programs and protect wild salmon populations.
The document summarizes a study of potential improvements to Interstate 5 between Tumwater and Mounts Road in Washington. $550,000 in state and local funds were provided to identify mid- and long-term strategies to address increasing congestion in the area. The study analyzed various scenarios like operations improvements, land use changes, transit expansion, and additional lanes. Performance measures related to travel time, accessibility, and the environment were used to evaluate scenarios. Draft recommendations include prioritizing strategies like land use changes, transit expansion, and travel demand management in the short- and mid-term.
Kayak Nisqually provides sea kayaking tours in the Nisqually Reach and Puget Sound areas. The owner grew up canoeing in Kentucky and has a background in conservation biology. He has years of experience as a sea kayaking guide and working for the USGS on biological research. Currently he partners with local nature centers and wildlife refuges to provide educational kayaking tours that highlight the natural and human history of the area while supporting conservation efforts. He is looking to expand his business by acquiring space and equipment to accommodate larger groups and hire more local guides.
This document summarizes the objectives and approach of Melanie Davis' research on developing dynamic habitat models for estuary-dependent species. The objectives are to: 1) Model changes in restoring habitat mosaics over time, 2) Determine prey availability in each habitat type, 3) Identify prey consumed by juvenile Chinook salmon, and 4) Use a bioenergetics model to estimate habitat quality as the mosaic shifts. The research involves modeling different restoration and climate change scenarios to understand their impacts on salt marsh habitats and prey availability/consumption. Field studies are being conducted to understand prey use by salmon in different habitat types to parameterize the bioenergetics model. The goal is to provide tools to help restoration planning under
Karen Povey is the Conservation Engagement Manager at an aquarium partnership. She lists several South Sound area restaurants that are ocean-friendly. The document then provides statistics from volunteer species monitoring programs from 2014-2018, including the number of participants and species found each year. Tables show purple martin nesting rates from 2014-2018 and frog and salamander observations by life stage. Pika detections from volunteer monitoring efforts increased from 2015 to 2017. The final section provides total bat counts from June and July 2018.
This document contains appendices to the "Nisqually Watershed Response to the 2018 Streamflow Restoration Act". Appendix B contains WAC 173-511, the Nisqually Instream Flow Rule, which establishes instream flows and surface and groundwater limitations in the Nisqually River basin to protect instream resources pursuant to state law. The rule applies waters within the Nisqually River basin and was promulgated to retain perennial rivers, streams and lakes with minimum instream flows and levels.
This document describes various mitigation strategies to increase streamflows in different sub-basins in WRIA 11. It provides details for each strategy such as the sub-basin(s) it would benefit, estimated annual water benefits in acre-feet and cubic feet per second, potential ecological benefits, and uncertainties. Some of the strategies described include connecting new developments to city water to reduce consumptive use, purchasing and retiring water rights, stream restoration projects, forest management projects, stormwater projects, and managed aquifer recharge projects. The document provides a table that summarizes the strategies and estimates their total annual water benefits could range from 2,470 to 8,623 acre-feet.
This document is an addendum to the Nisqually Watershed Management Plan that provides the watershed's response to Washington's 2018 Streamflow Restoration Act. It was prepared by the Nisqually Watershed Planning Unit with assistance from various stakeholders and state agencies. The addendum describes the watershed context and characteristics that influence mitigation alternatives to offset new domestic permit-exempt groundwater withdrawals projected between 2018-2040. It then outlines a variety of habitat restoration projects, land use strategies, and policy options that could provide ecological and instream flow benefits to help the watershed achieve no-net-loss of annual average streamflows.
The document is a planning unit agreement to update the Nisqually Watershed Management Plan per the mandate of ESSB 6091. It establishes the Nisqually Indian Tribe as the lead agency and identifies participating governmental and non-governmental entities. The scope is to estimate impacts of new permit-exempt domestic wells through 2040, identify appropriate mitigation, and develop an addendum to the 2003 watershed plan by February 2019. The agreement sets ground rules for consensus-based decision making and open public participation in the planning unit.
- A study analyzed land use and habitat changes in the lower Nisqually River valley over the past 60 years using aerial imagery from 1957, 1980, and 2015.
- Between 1957 and 1980, riparian forest decreased by 7.7% due to conversion to agriculture. From 1980 to 2015, riparian forest increased 2.3% within a restoration area.
- Upland forest saw minimal loss between 1957-1980 but declined 8.2% between 1980-2015 due to land development.
- Overall forest cover in the study area decreased 8.6% from 1957-1980 and another 5.9% from 1980-2015 through land development, agriculture, and river channel movement.
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This document summarizes efforts to evaluate biodiversity in the Salish Sea at the population level. It describes studying the genetic structure of populations to better understand how different populations may respond differently to environmental changes. Examples discussed include studying eelgrass and Olympia oyster populations to inform conservation efforts, and chum salmon populations to inform management. The document also describes a project using Autonomous Reef Monitoring Structures to study cryptic and understudied species diversity at different sites, finding varying numbers of species and individuals across sites. Studying population diversity is important for conservation, management and education.
This document outlines 8 habitat restoration projects proposed along the Nisqually River in Washington. Project 1 requests $290,710 to protect 60 acres and 0.5% of the flood zone at river mile 33. Project 2 requests $469,844 to acquire 90 acres for future restoration and protect 12.7% more floodplain. Project 3 requests $510,000 to continue removing levees and restoring natural areas along the Wilcox Reach.
Kinetic studies on malachite green dye adsorption from aqueous solutions by A...Open Access Research Paper
Water polluted by dyestuffs compounds is a global threat to health and the environment; accordingly, we prepared a green novel sorbent chemical and Physical system from an algae, chitosan and chitosan nanoparticle and impregnated with algae with chitosan nanocomposite for the sorption of Malachite green dye from water. The algae with chitosan nanocomposite by a simple method and used as a recyclable and effective adsorbent for the removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solutions. Algae, chitosan, chitosan nanoparticle and algae with chitosan nanocomposite were characterized using different physicochemical methods. The functional groups and chemical compounds found in algae, chitosan, chitosan algae, chitosan nanoparticle, and chitosan nanoparticle with algae were identified using FTIR, SEM, and TGADTA/DTG techniques. The optimal adsorption conditions, different dosages, pH and Temperature the amount of algae with chitosan nanocomposite were determined. At optimized conditions and the batch equilibrium studies more than 99% of the dye was removed. The adsorption process data matched well kinetics showed that the reaction order for dye varied with pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity of the algae with chitosan nanocomposite toward malachite green dye reached as high as 15.5mg/g, respectively. Finally, multiple times reusing of algae with chitosan nanocomposite and removing dye from a real wastewater has made it a promising and attractive option for further practical applications.
Optimizing Post Remediation Groundwater Performance with Enhanced Microbiolog...Joshua Orris
Results of geophysics and pneumatic injection pilot tests during 2003 – 2007 yielded significant positive results for injection delivery design and contaminant mass treatment, resulting in permanent shut-down of an existing groundwater Pump & Treat system.
Accessible source areas were subsequently removed (2011) by soil excavation and treated with the placement of Emulsified Vegetable Oil EVO and zero-valent iron ZVI to accelerate treatment of impacted groundwater in overburden and weathered fractured bedrock. Post pilot test and post remediation groundwater monitoring has included analyses of CVOCs, organic fatty acids, dissolved gases and QuantArray® -Chlor to quantify key microorganisms (e.g., Dehalococcoides, Dehalobacter, etc.) and functional genes (e.g., vinyl chloride reductase, methane monooxygenase, etc.) to assess potential for reductive dechlorination and aerobic cometabolism of CVOCs.
In 2022, the first commercial application of MetaArray™ was performed at the site. MetaArray™ utilizes statistical analysis, such as principal component analysis and multivariate analysis to provide evidence that reductive dechlorination is active or even that it is slowing. This creates actionable data allowing users to save money by making important site management decisions earlier.
The results of the MetaArray™ analysis’ support vector machine (SVM) identified groundwater monitoring wells with a 80% confidence that were characterized as either Limited for Reductive Decholorination or had a High Reductive Reduction Dechlorination potential. The results of MetaArray™ will be used to further optimize the site’s post remediation monitoring program for monitored natural attenuation.
Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...Open Access Research Paper
The popularity of functional foods among scientists and common people has been increasing day by day. Awareness and modernization make the consumer think better regarding food and nutrition. Now a day’s individual knows very well about the relation between food consumption and disease prevalence. Humans have a diversity of microbes in the gut that together form the gut microflora. Probiotics are the health-promoting live microbial cells improve host health through gut and brain connection and fighting against harmful bacteria. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus are the two bacterial genera which are considered to be probiotic. These good bacteria are facing challenges of viability. There are so many factors such as sensitivity to heat, pH, acidity, osmotic effect, mechanical shear, chemical components, freezing and storage time as well which affects the viability of probiotics in the dairy food matrix as well as in the gut. Multiple efforts have been done in the past and ongoing in present for these beneficial microbial population stability until their destination in the gut. One of a useful technique known as microencapsulation makes the probiotic effective in the diversified conditions and maintain these microbe’s community to the optimum level for achieving targeted benefits. Dairy products are found to be an ideal vehicle for probiotic incorporation. It has been seen that the encapsulated microbial cells show higher viability than the free cells in different processing and storage conditions as well as against bile salts in the gut. They make the food functional when incorporated, without affecting the product sensory characteristics.
Evolving Lifecycles with High Resolution Site Characterization (HRSC) and 3-D...Joshua Orris
The incorporation of a 3DCSM and completion of HRSC provided a tool for enhanced, data-driven, decisions to support a change in remediation closure strategies. Currently, an approved pilot study has been obtained to shut-down the remediation systems (ISCO, P&T) and conduct a hydraulic study under non-pumping conditions. A separate micro-biological bench scale treatability study was competed that yielded positive results for an emerging innovative technology. As a result, a field pilot study has commenced with results expected in nine-twelve months. With the results of the hydraulic study, field pilot studies and an updated risk assessment leading site monitoring optimization cost lifecycle savings upwards of $15MM towards an alternatively evolved best available technology remediation closure strategy.