This document summarizes a paper that examines the changing orientation and practices of Northern NGOs and the implications for African development. Some key points:
1) Northern NGOs channel at least $5 billion annually to developing countries, accounting for 2.5-3% of total resource flows. Africa is a major recipient of these funds.
2) Trends show increasing official donor funding to NGOs, leading some to take on public service contracting roles for donors in providing essential services.
3) This is shifting NGO practices towards replacing governments as main service providers and creating a two-tier welfare system in some African countries.