Big data provides detailed information (the "what") that can help people understand why things happen. There are three characteristics of big data: volume, variety, and velocity. Big data is high-volume, high-variety, and high-velocity information that can provide insights and improve decision making. Examples of how big data can benefit organizations include optimizing delivery routes, predicting natural disasters, and understanding customer preferences. Challenges with big data include integrating diverse data sources, privacy and security issues, and a lack of skills. To take advantage of big data, people and organizations need tools that provide quick insights and enable fast action.