Neurocysticercosis and its management in pediatric age group.difference between neurocysticrcosis and tubercuolma based on imaging.Life cycle of Neurocysticercosis.
This slide was prepared for teaching purpose to medical students. It contain information from different books and medical journals. please inform if any of the information given need to be changed.
Management Of Nephrotic Syndrome
Objectives
To briefly review the definition & etiology of nephroticsyndrome.
To understand the terminology pertaining to clinical course of nephroticsyndrome.
To understand the management of nephroticsyndrome:Specific management & Supportive care and management of complications
Management of congenital nephrotic syndrome
Now a days TBM is super most disease in Indian children.
Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is difficult to diagnose, and a high index of suspicion is needed to make an early diagnosis.
Acute meningoencephalitis Powerpoint presentation.
It comprises of acute meningitis and acute encephalitis, their clinical features, physical assesment, diagnosis and treatment.
This slide was prepared for teaching purpose to medical students. It contain information from different books and medical journals. please inform if any of the information given need to be changed.
Management Of Nephrotic Syndrome
Objectives
To briefly review the definition & etiology of nephroticsyndrome.
To understand the terminology pertaining to clinical course of nephroticsyndrome.
To understand the management of nephroticsyndrome:Specific management & Supportive care and management of complications
Management of congenital nephrotic syndrome
Now a days TBM is super most disease in Indian children.
Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is difficult to diagnose, and a high index of suspicion is needed to make an early diagnosis.
Acute meningoencephalitis Powerpoint presentation.
It comprises of acute meningitis and acute encephalitis, their clinical features, physical assesment, diagnosis and treatment.
Each month, join us as we highlight and discuss hot topics ranging from the future of higher education to wearable technology, best productivity hacks and secrets to hiring top talent. Upload your SlideShares, and share your expertise with the world!
Not sure what to share on SlideShare?
SlideShares that inform, inspire and educate attract the most views. Beyond that, ideas for what you can upload are limitless. We’ve selected a few popular examples to get your creative juices flowing.
How to Make Awesome SlideShares: Tips & TricksSlideShare
Turbocharge your online presence with SlideShare. We provide the best tips and tricks for succeeding on SlideShare. Get ideas for what to upload, tips for designing your deck and more.
NECROTISING FASCIITIS- the flesh eating infection
#surgicaleducator #necrotisingfasciitis #surgicaltutor #babysurgeon #usmle
· Dear Viewers
· Greetings from “Surgical Educator”
· Today in this episode I have discussed about Necrotising Fasciitis- the flesh eating infection
· It is common in immunocompromised patients even after trivial trauma.
· I have discussed about the overview,etiology,types,clinical features,complications and treatment of Necrotising Fasciitis
· I hope this video is interesting and also useful to all of you
· You can watch the video in the following links:
· surgicaleducator.blogspot.com youtube.com/c/surgicaleducator
Thank you for watching the video
Hydatid cysts are most commonly found in the liver and lungs, although they may also occur in other organs, bones and muscles. The cysts can increase in size to 5 – 10 cm or more and may survive for decades. Non-specific signs include loss of appetite, weight loss and weakness
Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato occurs practically worldwide, and more frequently in rural, grazing areas where dogs ingest organs from
diagnosis
epidemiology
managment
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
2. Contents
Introduction to Taeniasis
Lifecycle of Taenia solium
Anatomical Classification of NCC
Stages of cyst formation
Diagnosis
NCC vs Tuberculoma based on imaging
Management of parenchymal NCC
Prevention and control
2
4. Taeniasis
Taeniasis is the infection of humans with the adult tapeworm
of Taenia saginata, T. solium or T. asiatica
Taenia solium (pork tapeworm) is the main cause of human
cysticercosis
Cysticercosis
Caused by the presence, of the larval forms of
Taenina solium i.e Cysticercus cellulosae and Cysticercus racemose
T. saginata i.e Cysticercus bovis occurs very rarely
4
7. Clinical features
Diverse clinical presentation of NCC is determined by:
Location of cysts
Size of cysts
Cyst load (number of cysts)
Host’s immune response
9. Parenchymal NCC
Seizures (87%)
Simple partial with secondary generalization
Generalized tonic-clonic
Complex partial or complex partial with secondary generalization
Headache, nausea and vomiting
Stroke
Hemiparesis
Focal neurologic deficits
Frontal lobe involvement
Psychosis, dementia, intellectual impairment
10. Intraventricular NCC
5- 10% of all cases
4th ventricle :Most common site for obstruction
Up to 20% of cases is associated with obstructive
hydrocephalus and signs of raised ICP
11. Meningeal NCC
Meningeal irritation resembling Tubercular meningitis
Raised ICP from inflammation, oedema and presence of
cyst obstructing flow of CSF
12. Spinal NCC
– Spinal cord compression
– Nerve root pain
– Transverse myelitis
Ocular NCC
– Visual impairment (decreased visual acquity)
– Retinal detachment, iridocyclitis
iridocyclitis - inflammation of the iris and ciliary body of the eye
13. 1. Vesicular stage
Viable parasite with intact membrane and therefore no host
reaction
2. Colloidal vesicular stage
Parasite dies and the cyst fluid becomes turbid
As the membrane becomes leaky oedema surrounds the cyst
Most symptomatic stage
Stages of Cyst Formation
16. Diagnosis
Fundoscopy
CT with contrast
MRI: Cyst location, viability, and associated inflammation
Serology
Enzyme-linked immunotransfer blot (EITB): serologic diagnosis
sensitivity of 98% specificity of 100%
ELISA in CSF
sensitivity of 87% specificity of 95%
Biopsy and histopathology
18. Cysticercus Granuloma Tuberculoma
Round in shape Irregular in shape
Cystic Solid
20 mm or less with ring
enhancement or visible scolex
Greater than 20mm
Cerebral edema not enough to
produce midline shift
Severe perifocal edema, midline
shift and raised ICP
Usually focal neurological deficit is
not present
Focal neurological deficit
19
19. Contd..
CECT of Brain showing degenearting cyst
with eccentric scolex with perilesion edema
in rt frontal lobe
Caseating granulomatous inflammation
associated with a fibrous type capsule,
20OP ghai, pediatrics
21. Anticonvulsant Therapy
Management of seizure due to NCC
Phenytoin or carbamazepine or sodium valporate
Upto 6 to 12 months after radiographic resolution of active
parasitic infection
If seizures are recurrent or associated with calcified lesions:
should be continued for 2-3 yr before attempting weaning from
anticonvulsants
22
22. Prior to Therapy
These condition should be ruled out prior to initiating
anti parasitic and steroid therapy
Tuberculosis
Ocular cysticercosis
Strongyloidiasis
23
23. Anti-Parasitic Therapy
Albendazole:
Most commonly used antiparasitic (15 mg/kg/day PO in two daily
divided dose)
Can be taken with a fatty meal to improve absorption
Most common duration of therapy is 7 days for parenchymal
lesions
For multiple lesions or subarachnoid disease
longer duration(8-15 days), higher doses (up
to 30 mg/kg/day), or combination therapy with praziquantel
24
25. Steroids
Prednisone 1-2 mg/kg per day or oral dexamethasone 0.15
mg/kg per day
Should be started before the first dose of antiparasitic
drugs and continuing for at least 2 wk
Methotrexate :
used as a steroid-sparing agent in patients requiring
prolonged antiinflammatory therapy
26
26. Indication of Surgery
Symptomatic hydrocephalus due to NCC
NCC of ventricle
Giant cysticerci with life-threatening mass effect
cysticerci adjacent to vascular structures
Ocular and spinal NCC
Giant cysticerci : Rare condition defined as size in its largest dimension 27
27. Follow up and monitoring
Intermittent radiographic surveillance to evaluate for resolution of
the cysticerci and development of calcifications
Imaging at 1 to 2 month and 6 month
Imaging should be repeated prior to discontinuing antiepileptic
drugs
Antiparasitic therapy should be considered for patients with growing
cysts off therapy 28
28. Prevention and Controll
Wash hands with soap and warm water after using the toilet,
changing diapers, and before handling food
Wash and peel all raw vegetables and fruits before eating
Adequate cooking of meat products
Storage of meet in freezing condition*
Veterinary vaccines for several cestode infections
Note *: (Cysticerci do not survive temperatures below -10o C and above 50o C)