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Network Effectiveness:  An Interactive Working Session for Packard Foundation Grantees May 27, 2009 Heather Grant [email_address] Diana Scearce [email_address] Paris San Francisco São Paulo Seoul Singapore Tokyo Toronto Zurich Shanghai Palo Alto Johannesburg Beijing Chicago Hong Kong Cambridge Delhi Dubai Los Angeles Madrid Manila Mumbai Munich New York Moscow London This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike 3.0 Unported License.
Network Basics
Networks Are Changing the Way the World Works Source for Network Graphic: orgnet.com
Obama Used Networks to Mobilize 13 M Supporters ,[object Object],[object Object]
10K+ Activists Protested Elections in Moldova “… six people, 10 minutes for brainstorming and decision-making, several hours of disseminating information through networks, Facebook, blogs, SMSs and e-mail.” – Natalia Morar, ThinkMoldova
[object Object],[object Object],We’re Witnessing the Death of Old Models…
… And New Models Are Emerging
As a Result, the Way Our Work Gets Done Is Changing
Many Nonprofits Need to Find Ways to Leverage Networks Networks are  one  answer for increasing efficiency and impact ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Source: “The Non-Profit Sector in Brief,”  National Center for Charitable  Statistics, 2008.
What Do  We  Mean by Networks? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Source for Network Graphic: orgnet.com
Networks Have Been Around for a Long Time…
… and new online spaces for building relationships There Are New Technologies for Sharing Content…
Advances in the Science of Networks and Complexity Source for Network Graphic: orgnet.com
Combined with Established Practices for Engaging Groups Source for Network Graphic: orgnet.com
[object Object],[object Object],The Result = “Working Wikily”
What Do We Mean by “Working Wikily”? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Established Ways of Working Where are you on these continuums? The answer will be different for different situations Working Wikily
Working Wikily Can Address Diverse Challenges ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Working Wikily Potential Problem
Build Community 2008: 22,000  Members attending each week 1980:   205  Members
Engage People 2008:  400,000  Volunteers in  104  Countries 1985: Single-site  Effort in US
Advocate for Policy Change  2008:  3.2 Million  Members 1998: Email to 100  friends
Coordinate Resources and Services Total Loans 2009:  $66 million Total Loans 2006:  $1 million
Develop and Share Knowledge 14  Countries 1,300  Trained Volunteers Interagency  Program  Integrated  Fire Management
Innovate “ Open Sourcing Social Solutions” Internal, Proprietary R&D Labs
… transforming   communities  through collaborations to address root causes of poverty and homelessness Source: Jane Wei-Skillern and Kerry Herman, “Habitat for Humanity—Egypt,” Harvard Business School Cases, October 3, 2006. Get to Scale Typical HFH country programs produce  200 houses each year In Egypt, HFH builds  1,000 houses a year,  on average - EGYPT-
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Working Wikily Isn’t Easy… Source for Network Graphic: orgnet.com
Eight Lessons We’re Learning About “Working Wikily” ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Understanding Your Network Source for Network Graphic: orgnet.com
How Are Networks Structured?
A Few Helpful Definitions Core Link Node Cluster Periphery Hub
Network Structures Can Take Many Forms Source for Network Graphic: orgnet.com
Centralized Decentralized Note: These categories often overlap. Most of the examples fit in to multiple categories. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Developed from: Plastrik, Taylor, “Net Gains,” (2006); Anklam, “Net Work,” (2007); Krebs, Holley. “Building Smart Communities,” (2006).Source for Network Graphic: orgnet.com  A Typology of Organizing Structures
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Nonprofits without Explicit Network Structure
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Membership Organizations
Nonprofits with Explicit Network Structure (Hub-Spoke) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Nonprofits with Explicit Network Structure (Multi-Hub) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Coalition / Alliance  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Networks of Networks—Organizations  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Source for Network Graphic: orgnet.com
Ad Hoc Networks—Individuals  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Social Network Mapping:  A Tool for Visualizing Your Network
What’s Possible from Network Mapping? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Network Mapping Can Be Simple and Low-Tech… Source: June Holley
… Or More High-Tech
Frame  the  Problem Collect Data Analyze Data Validate & Discuss Results Identify Next Steps Follow up ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Framework developed by Roberto Cremonini, Barr Foundation How Is Network Mapping Done?
Using Network Maps to Increase Service Coordination
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Process Used to Map the Youth Development Network
[object Object],Maps Were Used to Analyze the Network Government Foundation Non-Profit For-Profit School Unknown Religious Other Network by Organization Type
Now, you’re going to map your networks ,[object Object],[object Object]
Making Sense of Your Network Structure Directions: Decide what network you want to focus on today. Draw a map of your network. Reflect on the questions below. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Source for Network Graphic: orgnet.com
Network Diagnosis: Characteristics of Healthy Networks
Purpose Participation Strategy and Structure Leadership Communications & Technology Resource Management  Assessment ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Governance ,[object Object],[object Object],Helpful Sources: M. Kearns and K. Showalter; J. Holley and V. Krebs; P. Plastrik and M. Taylor; J. W. Skillern; C. Shirky Characteristics of Healthy Networks: Overview
Characteristics of Healthy Networks: Purpose Purpose ,[object Object],[object Object]
Characteristics of Healthy Networks: Participation Participation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Characteristics of Healthy Networks: Strategy, Structure Strategy and Structure ,[object Object],[object Object]
Characteristics of Healthy Networks: Leadership ,[object Object],[object Object],Leadership “ Oppenheimer [the founder] was eager to help [other potential interactive museums] beg, borrow, and steal his ideas.” Source: Heather McLeod Grant and Leslie R. Crutchfield, “Forces for Good,” (2007).
Governance ,[object Object],[object Object],Characteristics of Healthy Networks: Governance Administrators 1,648 as of 4/29/09 Bureaucrats 29 active as of 12/22/08 Stewards 37 as of 3/3/09 Arbitration Committee 16 as of 3/21/09 Registered Users 9,540,944 as of 4/29/09
Characteristics of Healthy Networks: Communications, IT Communications & Technology ,[object Object],[object Object],What’s  your  connection to mountaintop removal?
Characteristics of Healthy Networks: Communications, IT Communications & Technology ,[object Object],[object Object]
Characteristics of Healthy Networks: Resource Mgt. ,[object Object],[object Object],Resource Management
Assessment ,[object Object],[object Object],Characteristics of Healthy Networks: Assessment
[object Object]
Network Communications
Network Leadership and Mindset Heather Grant [email_address] Diana Scearce [email_address] This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike 3.0 Unported License.
Purpose Participation Strategy and Structure Leadership Communications & Technology Resource Management  Assessment ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Governance ,[object Object],[object Object],Helpful Sources: M. Kearns and K. Showalter; J. Holley and V. Krebs; P. Plastrik and M. Taylor; J. W. Skillern; C. Shirky Characteristics of Healthy Networks: Overview
Characteristics of Healthy Networks: Leadership ,[object Object],[object Object],Leadership “ Oppenheimer [the founder] was eager to help [other potential interactive museums] beg, borrow, and steal his ideas.” Source: Heather McLeod Grant and Leslie R. Crutchfield, “Forces for Good,” (2007).
The Network Mindset Organization Orientation Network Orientation Mindset Strategy Behaviors Competition Grow the organization Compete for resources Protect knowledge Competitive advantage Hoard talent Collaboration Grow the network Share resources Open source IP Develop competitors Cultivate leadership Source:  Forces for Good  by Heather McLeod Grant and Leslie R. Crutchfield (2007) Source: Heather McLeod Grant and Leslie R. Crutchfield, “Forces for Good,” (2007).
Network Leadership Roles Source:  Building the Field of Dreams  by Stephanie Lowell (2007) Source: Peter Plastrik and Madeleine Taylor, “Net Gains: a Handbook for Network Builders Seeking Social Change.” (2006)  Organizer Funder Facilitator Weaver Coach Steward ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Coordinator ,[object Object],[object Object],Network Leadership could be one person doing many things, or many people each doing one thing.
Tasks of Network Leadership: What Network Leaders Do Building and Developing the Network Allocating Resources Communicating Managing  Technology Connecting Members Catalyzing Action Capacity Building/  Coaching Building Consensus Facilitating Process Helpful Sources: Peter Plastrik and Madeleine Taylor, “Net Gains: a Handbook for Network Builders Seeking Social Change.” (2006) and June Holley, “Network Weaver Checklist,” (2006).
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Competencies of Network Leadership Source:  Building the Field of Dreams  by Stephanie Lowell (2007)
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Working Wikily Isn’t Easy… Source for Network Graphic: orgnet.com
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Network Weaver Checklist Source for Network Graphic: orgnet.com
Strengthening Your Network
Purpose Participation Strategy and Structure Leadership Communications & Technology Resource Management  Assessment ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Governance ,[object Object],[object Object],Helpful Sources: M. Kearns and K. Showalter; J. Holley and V. Krebs; P. Plastrik and M. Taylor; J. W. Skillern; C. Shirky Characteristics of Healthy Networks: Overview
How Networks Progress and Evolve Source:  Valdis Krebs and June Holley, “Building Smart Communities through Network Weaving,” (2006).  Source for Network Graphic: orgnet.com. 1.   2.   3.   4.   Multi-Hub Small World Core Periphery Hub and Spoke Scattered Clusters
A Few Strategies for Strengthening Your Network Nurture  quality connections  so projects can be high risk & high impact Bridge difference . Connect people and ideas that normally don’t go together Support  overlapping projects or   collaborations , many very small, initiated by many Map the network in order to visualize structure ,  diagnose strengths and weaknesses, and identify strategies for growing the network Grow and engage periphery  to bring in new resources and innovation Source: Adapted from June Holley,  www.networkweaving.com . Source for Network Graphic: orgnet.com
The Green and Healthy Building Network: 2005 Source: Barr Foundation “Green and Healthy Building Network Case Study” by Beth Tener, Al Neirenberg, Bruce Hoppe
The Green and Healthy Building Network: 2007 Source: Barr Foundation “Green and Healthy Building Network Case Study” by Beth Tener, Al Neirenberg, Bruce Hoppe
Appendix
250K Individuals Used Networks to Coordinate Protests  ,[object Object],[object Object]

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Network effectiveness presentation materials

  • 1. Network Effectiveness: An Interactive Working Session for Packard Foundation Grantees May 27, 2009 Heather Grant [email_address] Diana Scearce [email_address] Paris San Francisco São Paulo Seoul Singapore Tokyo Toronto Zurich Shanghai Palo Alto Johannesburg Beijing Chicago Hong Kong Cambridge Delhi Dubai Los Angeles Madrid Manila Mumbai Munich New York Moscow London This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike 3.0 Unported License.
  • 3. Networks Are Changing the Way the World Works Source for Network Graphic: orgnet.com
  • 4.
  • 5. 10K+ Activists Protested Elections in Moldova “… six people, 10 minutes for brainstorming and decision-making, several hours of disseminating information through networks, Facebook, blogs, SMSs and e-mail.” – Natalia Morar, ThinkMoldova
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  • 7. … And New Models Are Emerging
  • 8. As a Result, the Way Our Work Gets Done Is Changing
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  • 11. Networks Have Been Around for a Long Time…
  • 12. … and new online spaces for building relationships There Are New Technologies for Sharing Content…
  • 13. Advances in the Science of Networks and Complexity Source for Network Graphic: orgnet.com
  • 14. Combined with Established Practices for Engaging Groups Source for Network Graphic: orgnet.com
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  • 18. Build Community 2008: 22,000 Members attending each week 1980: 205 Members
  • 19. Engage People 2008: 400,000 Volunteers in 104 Countries 1985: Single-site Effort in US
  • 20. Advocate for Policy Change 2008: 3.2 Million Members 1998: Email to 100 friends
  • 21. Coordinate Resources and Services Total Loans 2009: $66 million Total Loans 2006: $1 million
  • 22. Develop and Share Knowledge 14 Countries 1,300 Trained Volunteers Interagency Program Integrated Fire Management
  • 23. Innovate “ Open Sourcing Social Solutions” Internal, Proprietary R&D Labs
  • 24. … transforming communities through collaborations to address root causes of poverty and homelessness Source: Jane Wei-Skillern and Kerry Herman, “Habitat for Humanity—Egypt,” Harvard Business School Cases, October 3, 2006. Get to Scale Typical HFH country programs produce 200 houses each year In Egypt, HFH builds 1,000 houses a year, on average - EGYPT-
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  • 27. Understanding Your Network Source for Network Graphic: orgnet.com
  • 28. How Are Networks Structured?
  • 29. A Few Helpful Definitions Core Link Node Cluster Periphery Hub
  • 30. Network Structures Can Take Many Forms Source for Network Graphic: orgnet.com
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  • 39. Social Network Mapping: A Tool for Visualizing Your Network
  • 40.
  • 41. Network Mapping Can Be Simple and Low-Tech… Source: June Holley
  • 42. … Or More High-Tech
  • 43.
  • 44. Using Network Maps to Increase Service Coordination
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  • 49. Network Diagnosis: Characteristics of Healthy Networks
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  • 62. Network Leadership and Mindset Heather Grant [email_address] Diana Scearce [email_address] This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike 3.0 Unported License.
  • 63.
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  • 65. The Network Mindset Organization Orientation Network Orientation Mindset Strategy Behaviors Competition Grow the organization Compete for resources Protect knowledge Competitive advantage Hoard talent Collaboration Grow the network Share resources Open source IP Develop competitors Cultivate leadership Source: Forces for Good by Heather McLeod Grant and Leslie R. Crutchfield (2007) Source: Heather McLeod Grant and Leslie R. Crutchfield, “Forces for Good,” (2007).
  • 66.
  • 67. Tasks of Network Leadership: What Network Leaders Do Building and Developing the Network Allocating Resources Communicating Managing Technology Connecting Members Catalyzing Action Capacity Building/ Coaching Building Consensus Facilitating Process Helpful Sources: Peter Plastrik and Madeleine Taylor, “Net Gains: a Handbook for Network Builders Seeking Social Change.” (2006) and June Holley, “Network Weaver Checklist,” (2006).
  • 68.
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  • 73. How Networks Progress and Evolve Source: Valdis Krebs and June Holley, “Building Smart Communities through Network Weaving,” (2006). Source for Network Graphic: orgnet.com. 1. 2. 3. 4. Multi-Hub Small World Core Periphery Hub and Spoke Scattered Clusters
  • 74. A Few Strategies for Strengthening Your Network Nurture quality connections so projects can be high risk & high impact Bridge difference . Connect people and ideas that normally don’t go together Support overlapping projects or collaborations , many very small, initiated by many Map the network in order to visualize structure , diagnose strengths and weaknesses, and identify strategies for growing the network Grow and engage periphery to bring in new resources and innovation Source: Adapted from June Holley, www.networkweaving.com . Source for Network Graphic: orgnet.com
  • 75. The Green and Healthy Building Network: 2005 Source: Barr Foundation “Green and Healthy Building Network Case Study” by Beth Tener, Al Neirenberg, Bruce Hoppe
  • 76. The Green and Healthy Building Network: 2007 Source: Barr Foundation “Green and Healthy Building Network Case Study” by Beth Tener, Al Neirenberg, Bruce Hoppe
  • 78.