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NERVOUS SYSTEM class 3.pptx
- 1. NERVOUS SYSTEM CLASS 3 CRANIAL NERVES
- 2. CRANIAL NERVES • 12 PAIRS • MOTOR • SENSORY • MIXED • AUTONOMIC
- 3. OLFACTORY NERVE • SENSORY – ORIGIN-UPPER PART OF NASAL CAVITY – OLFACTORY EPITHELIUM – BIPOLAR NEURONS—UNMYELINATED AXONS – GO THROUGH OLFACTORY FORAMINA 20 EACH SIDE- FORM 2 OLFACTORY NERVES – END IN OLFACTORY BULB-PART OF BRAIN & FIRST SYNAPSE – OLFACTORY TRACTS – END IN PRIMARY OLFACTORY AREA IN THE TEMPORAL LOBE
- 5. OPTIC NERVE • SENSORY • RECEPTORS IN THE RETINA-RODS & CONES • RELAY THEM TO BIPOLAR CELLS THEN GANGLION CELLS • AXONS JOIN TOGETHER TO FORM OPTIC NERVE –PASS THROUGH OPTIC FORAMEN POSTERIOR TO EYE BALL • AXONS FROM MEDIAL HALF CROSS OVER TO THE OPPOSITE SIDE – OPTIC CHIASM • OPTIC TRACTS –END IN LATERAL GENICULATE NUCLEU S OF THALAMUS • SYNAPSE WITH NEURONS WHICH END IN PRIMARY VISUAL AREA OF OCCIPITAL CORTEX • SOME REACH THE SUPERIOR COLLICULI OF MID BRAIN-TO EYE MOVEMENTS
- 7. OCCULOMOTOR NERVE • MOTOR +PARASYMPATHETIC • NUCLEUS IN VENTRAL PART OF MID BRAIN • PASSES THROUGH SUPERIOR ORBITAL FISSURE INTO THE ORBIT • SUPPLIES LEVATOR PALPEBRAE SUPERIORIS,MEDIAL RECTUS,SUPERIOR RECTUS,INFERIOR RECTUS,INFERIOR OBLIQUE • PARASYMPATHETIC TO CILIARY MUSCLES & SPHINCTER—CILIARY GANGLION • -
- 9. TROCHLEAR NERVE • MOTOR • SMALLEST CRANIAL NERVE • ONLY ONE FROM POSTERIOR ASPECT OF BRAIN STEM • PASSES THROUGH SUPERIOR ORBITAL FISSURE • SUPPLIES SUPERIOR OBLIQUE
- 11. TRIGEMINAL NERVE • LARGEST CRANIAL NERVE • 3 BRANCHES • MIXED NERVE • ORIGIN FROM 2 ROOTS ON VETROLATERAL SURFACE OF PONS • SENSORY ROOT HAS TRIGEMINAL GANGLION IN THE PETROUS PART OF TEMPORAL BONE
- 12. • OPHTHALMIC BRANCH-SENSORY • ENTERS VIA SUPERIOR ORBITAL FISSURE • MAXILLARY—SENSORY • ENTERS VIA FORAMEN ROTUNDUM • MANDIBULAR -MIXED • ENTERS VIA FORAMEN OVALE • SUPPLIES MUSCLES OF MASTICATION TRIGEMINAL NERVE
- 14. ABDUCENS NERVE • MOTOR • ORIGIN –PONS • SUPPLIES—LATERAL RECTUS
- 16. FACIAL NERVE • MIXED • SENSORY PART FROM TASE BUDS OF ANTERIOR 2/3 OF TONGUE THROUGH THE GENICULATE GANGLION END IN THE PONS • ALSO PROPRIOCEPTORS FROM FACE & SCALP MUSCLES • SOMATIC MOTOR NEURONS ARISE FROM PONS SUPPLIES MUSCLES OF FACIAL EXPRESSION • PARASYMPATHETIC PART SUPPLIES LACRIMAL & SALIVARY GLANDS
- 18. VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVE • MAINLY SENSORY • VESTIBULAR BRANCH FROM INNER EAR (SEMICIRCULAR CANAL,UTRICLE & SACCULE) • VESTIBULAR GANGLION THEN VESTIBULAR NUCLEI IN PONS –SOME REACH CEREBELLUM VIA INFERIOR PEDUNCLE • COCHLEAR BRANCH ORIGIN FROM SPIRAL ORGAN –SPIRAL GANGLION—THEN MEDULLA
- 20. GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL NERVE • MIXED • SENSORY FROM TASTE BUDS &SENSORY RECEPTORS FROM POSTERIOR 1 /3 OF TONGUE • THROUGH JUGULAR FORAMEN ENDS IN MEDULLA • MOTOR PART FROM MEDULLA SUPPLIES PHARYNGEAL MUSCLES
- 22. VAGUS NERVE • MIXED (WANDERING) • DISTRIBUTION FROM HEAD & NECK TO THORAX & ABDOMEN • LIES POSTERIOR TO INTERNAL JUGULAR VEIN & COMMON CAROTID ARTERY • SENSORY AXONS FROM SKIN OF EXTERNAL EAR,TASTE BUDS IN EPIGLOTTIS & PHARYNX ALSO FROM BARORECEPTORS & CHEMORECEPTORS IN THE ARCH OF THE AORTA,SENSORY FROM GUT • THE AXONS PASS THROUGH JUGULAR FORAMEN END IN MEDULLA & PONS • AUTONOMIC MOTOR ORIGIN FROM MEDULLA END IN HEART & LUNGS
- 24. ACCESSORY NERVE • MIXED • ORIGIN FROM BRAIN STEM & SPINAL CORD • CRANIAL ROOT MOTOR ARISE FROM MEDULLA PASSES THROUGH JUGULAR FORAMEN SUPPLIES MUSCLES OF PHARYNX,LARYNX & SOFT PALATE • SPINAL ROOT-FROM FIRST 5 CERVICAL ANTERIOR GREY HORN GO THROUGH FORAMEN MAGNUM ,EXIT THROUGH JUGULAR FORAMEN & SUPPLIES STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID & TRAPEZIUS • SENSORY PART END IN MEDULLA
- 26. HYPOGLOSSAL NERVE • MIXED • SENSORY PART ORIGIN FROM PROPRIOCEPTORS OF TONGUE MUSCLES END IN MEDULLA • MOTOR PART ORIGIN IN MEDULLA PASS THROUGH HYPOGLOSSAL CANAL SUPPLY MUSCLES OF TONGUE • IMPULSES FOR SPEECH & SWALLOWING