Neonatal complication.pptx
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
0 likes•3 views
IUGR babies experience significantly higher perinatal mortality and morbidity compared to normal infants, with risks including stillbirth, meconium aspiration, and fetal distress. After birth, IUGR babies commonly face cardiovascular issues like hypotension and structural heart changes, respiratory problems such as meconium aspiration syndrome and bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and neurological complications including perinatal asphyxia and cranial ultrasound abnormalities. These infants are also at risk for other issues in the neonatal period including hypoglycemia, hypothermia, and necrotizing enterocolitis. Long term, IUGR can impact cardiovascular health, respiratory function, and neurological development, with risks extending into adulthood such as hypertension, learning difficulties
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Lecture 5 Assessment of fetal wellbeing
Ultrasound can be used to assess fetal wellbeing by measuring various parameters of the fetus such as the fetal heart rate, amniotic fluid volume, and fetal movements.
Fetal Heart Rate (FHR) : A normal FHR is usually between 120-160 beats per minute (bpm) and it can be assessed using ultrasound. Abnormal FHR patterns such as tachycardia or bradycardia may indicate fetal distress and require further evaluation.
Amniotic Fluid Volume (AFV) : A normal AFV is essential for fetal wellbeing as it cushions the fetus and allows for proper fetal movement and growth. An abnormal AFV such as oligohydramnios (low fluid) or polyhydramnios (excess fluid) can indicate a problem with the fetus or the placenta.
Fetal Movements : Fetal movements can be observed using ultrasound, and a lack of fetal movement can indicate fetal distress.
Biometric parameters such as the measurement of the head, abdominal circumference, femur length, and others can be used to assess fetal growth and development.
neonatal physiology and infant physiology.pptx
This document provides an overview of neonatal physiology, covering several key topics:
- Respiratory physiology focuses on lung expansion at birth and normal respiratory values.
- Cardiopulmonary physiology examines changes in pulmonary and systemic vascular resistances at birth and transition to postnatal circulation.
- Hematology reviews physiological anemia of infancy and clotting in neonates.
- Thermoregulation, hyperbilirubinemia, and carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism are also summarized.
- Special considerations for preterm infants in areas like glucose regulation and protein requirements are highlighted.
PPH
This document discusses hypertensive disorders associated with pregnancy. It defines gestational hypertension as developing after 20 weeks of gestation without proteinuria and resolving postpartum. Preeclampsia is defined as developing after 20 weeks with elevated blood pressure and proteinuria. It can cause HELLP syndrome or eclampsia. Risk factors for preeclampsia include primigravidity, obesity, chronic hypertension, and African American race. Pathophysiology involves endothelial dysfunction and increased sensitivity to vasoconstrictors. Management involves seizure prophylaxis with magnesium sulfate and antihypertensive therapy like hydralazine, labetalol, or nifedipine to control maternal blood pressure until delivery.
Prematurity and IUGR
This document discusses prematurity, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and their associated risks and management. It covers:
- Definitions and types of prematurity and IUGR
- Characteristics and causes of symmetric vs asymmetric IUGR
- Problems that can occur in IUGR and premature infants like respiratory distress, hypoglycemia, and intraventricular hemorrhage
- Factors associated with IUGR including placental and maternal factors
- Guidelines for admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU)
- Important aspects of care in the NICU like temperature control, respiratory support, fluid management, and infection control
heart diseases in pregnancy.pptx
This document discusses heart diseases in pregnancy. It covers changes in cardiac output and volume that occur during pregnancy, critical periods of risk, symptoms of heart disease, and management of common conditions like heart failure, valvular diseases, congenital heart diseases and pulmonary hypertension. Evaluation involves monitoring for signs of decompensation. Management is focused on optimizing maternal cardiac status through measures like bed rest, diuretics, and controlling heart failure if it occurs. Delivery planning considers fetal wellbeing and maternal cardiac status.
Iugr
This document provides an overview of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). It defines IUGR as fetuses with an estimated fetal weight below the 10th percentile. The prevalence of IUGR is 3-10% of pregnancies and carries high risks of perinatal mortality and morbidity. Causes of IUGR include fetal, placental and maternal factors. Diagnosis involves serial ultrasounds to monitor fetal growth and Doppler studies of blood flow. Management focuses on treating any underlying conditions, fetal monitoring, and timely delivery once the fetus is mature. Strict surveillance of at-risk newborns is also needed due to complications of IUGR.
Iugr by dr derar ismerat
1. Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a complication of pregnancy where the fetus does not attain its full growth potential, affecting up to 10% of pregnancies.
2. Risk factors for IUGR include maternal conditions, fetal anomalies, infections, and placental insufficiency. Abnormal umbilical artery Doppler is associated with increased risk of adverse outcomes.
3. Serial ultrasounds and Doppler studies are used to monitor fetal growth and well-being. Timing of delivery depends on gestational age and severity of IUGR.
Recommended
Lecture 5 Assessment of fetal wellbeing
Ultrasound can be used to assess fetal wellbeing by measuring various parameters of the fetus such as the fetal heart rate, amniotic fluid volume, and fetal movements.
Fetal Heart Rate (FHR) : A normal FHR is usually between 120-160 beats per minute (bpm) and it can be assessed using ultrasound. Abnormal FHR patterns such as tachycardia or bradycardia may indicate fetal distress and require further evaluation.
Amniotic Fluid Volume (AFV) : A normal AFV is essential for fetal wellbeing as it cushions the fetus and allows for proper fetal movement and growth. An abnormal AFV such as oligohydramnios (low fluid) or polyhydramnios (excess fluid) can indicate a problem with the fetus or the placenta.
Fetal Movements : Fetal movements can be observed using ultrasound, and a lack of fetal movement can indicate fetal distress.
Biometric parameters such as the measurement of the head, abdominal circumference, femur length, and others can be used to assess fetal growth and development.
neonatal physiology and infant physiology.pptx
This document provides an overview of neonatal physiology, covering several key topics:
- Respiratory physiology focuses on lung expansion at birth and normal respiratory values.
- Cardiopulmonary physiology examines changes in pulmonary and systemic vascular resistances at birth and transition to postnatal circulation.
- Hematology reviews physiological anemia of infancy and clotting in neonates.
- Thermoregulation, hyperbilirubinemia, and carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism are also summarized.
- Special considerations for preterm infants in areas like glucose regulation and protein requirements are highlighted.
PPH
This document discusses hypertensive disorders associated with pregnancy. It defines gestational hypertension as developing after 20 weeks of gestation without proteinuria and resolving postpartum. Preeclampsia is defined as developing after 20 weeks with elevated blood pressure and proteinuria. It can cause HELLP syndrome or eclampsia. Risk factors for preeclampsia include primigravidity, obesity, chronic hypertension, and African American race. Pathophysiology involves endothelial dysfunction and increased sensitivity to vasoconstrictors. Management involves seizure prophylaxis with magnesium sulfate and antihypertensive therapy like hydralazine, labetalol, or nifedipine to control maternal blood pressure until delivery.
Prematurity and IUGR
This document discusses prematurity, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and their associated risks and management. It covers:
- Definitions and types of prematurity and IUGR
- Characteristics and causes of symmetric vs asymmetric IUGR
- Problems that can occur in IUGR and premature infants like respiratory distress, hypoglycemia, and intraventricular hemorrhage
- Factors associated with IUGR including placental and maternal factors
- Guidelines for admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU)
- Important aspects of care in the NICU like temperature control, respiratory support, fluid management, and infection control
heart diseases in pregnancy.pptx
This document discusses heart diseases in pregnancy. It covers changes in cardiac output and volume that occur during pregnancy, critical periods of risk, symptoms of heart disease, and management of common conditions like heart failure, valvular diseases, congenital heart diseases and pulmonary hypertension. Evaluation involves monitoring for signs of decompensation. Management is focused on optimizing maternal cardiac status through measures like bed rest, diuretics, and controlling heart failure if it occurs. Delivery planning considers fetal wellbeing and maternal cardiac status.
Iugr
This document provides an overview of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). It defines IUGR as fetuses with an estimated fetal weight below the 10th percentile. The prevalence of IUGR is 3-10% of pregnancies and carries high risks of perinatal mortality and morbidity. Causes of IUGR include fetal, placental and maternal factors. Diagnosis involves serial ultrasounds to monitor fetal growth and Doppler studies of blood flow. Management focuses on treating any underlying conditions, fetal monitoring, and timely delivery once the fetus is mature. Strict surveillance of at-risk newborns is also needed due to complications of IUGR.
Iugr by dr derar ismerat
1. Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a complication of pregnancy where the fetus does not attain its full growth potential, affecting up to 10% of pregnancies.
2. Risk factors for IUGR include maternal conditions, fetal anomalies, infections, and placental insufficiency. Abnormal umbilical artery Doppler is associated with increased risk of adverse outcomes.
3. Serial ultrasounds and Doppler studies are used to monitor fetal growth and well-being. Timing of delivery depends on gestational age and severity of IUGR.
Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy dr. betha fe m. castillo 102413
Hypertension is a common complication of pregnancy, affecting 5-10% of pregnancies. It includes gestational hypertension and preeclampsia. Gestational hypertension is defined as new hypertension after 20 weeks without proteinuria, while preeclampsia includes hypertension and proteinuria. Risk factors for preeclampsia include prior preeclampsia, chronic hypertension, diabetes, and family history. Symptoms involve the cardiovascular, renal, hepatic, and neurological systems. Treatment involves monitoring and delivery, with expectant management for mild cases and aggressive control of hypertension for severe preeclampsia.
Neonatal cardiac failure
This document discusses neonatal cardiac failure, including the pathophysiology of atrioventricular septal defect. It notes that the neonatal myocardium is anatomically different from the mature heart, with less organized myofibrils and contractile efficiency. This makes the neonatal heart more dependent on compensatory mechanisms like neurohormonal activation and the Frank-Starling response. Medical management aims to reduce afterload and preload on the heart through diuretics and ACE inhibitors while providing respiratory support. Surgical intervention may be needed to correct underlying structural defects.
Infant of diabetic mother
Gestational diabetes can cause complications in infants due to hyperglycemia transferring through the placenta. Infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs) are at risk for birth defects if hyperglycemia occurs early in pregnancy during organ development. Later hyperglycemia increases risks for macrosomia, hypoglycemia, and other issues. IDMs require careful monitoring and treatment of potential complications in the neonatal period such as hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, respiratory distress, and cardiomyopathy. Long term, IDMs have increased risk of obesity, diabetes, and developmental or cognitive delays.
Pregnancycardiomyopathy
Pregnancy can be associated with the development of cardiomyopathy, a condition where the heart muscle becomes weakened and enlarged. It typically presents with symptoms of heart failure like shortness of breath and edema at the end of pregnancy or within months after delivery. The cause is often unknown but may be related to viral infections, inflammation, or genetic factors. Diagnosis involves ruling out other potential causes through testing like echocardiograms and treating the symptoms of heart failure. Prognosis varies significantly, with around 30% of patients recovering normal heart function postpartum, 50% seeing significant improvement, and mortality rates ranging from 3-16% depending on race and progression of symptoms.
PPHN.pptx
This case involves a very preterm neonate born at 29 weeks gestation with severe respiratory distress syndrome that led to persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn. The baby required multiple doses of surfactant, high frequency ventilation, and inhaled nitric oxide to manage the respiratory issues. Sepsis developed later on despite treatment, resulting in disseminated intravascular coagulation and a grade 4 intraventricular hemorrhage. The neonate deteriorated further and died from respiratory failure and cardiac arrest despite resuscitative efforts. Key lessons were that prematurity poses high risks for lung immaturity, infection, and brain hemorrhage, and that preventing healthcare-associated infections is important for improving outcomes in fragile preterm infants.
ncy xv.pptm,nxljhbdn kja kjs kajn lkjdshfd,ja ck
This document discusses various medical and surgical complications that can occur in obstetrics, including diabetes, thyroid disease, hypertension, heart disease, lung disease, kidney disease, and blood clotting disorders. It covers the diagnosis, potential maternal and fetal complications, and management recommendations for each condition.
Rds
This document provides an overview of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in neonates. RDS, formerly known as hyaline membrane disease, is caused by a deficiency of pulmonary surfactant in an immature lung, especially in preterm infants. It affects about 20,000-30,000 newborn infants each year in the US. The presentation, risk factors, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatments of RDS are discussed in detail. Prevention primarily involves antenatal glucocorticoid administration to enhance lung maturation for at-risk pregnancies. Treatment focuses on surfactant therapy, ventilation support, and general supportive care for affected newborns.
Nhi Nguyen on Obstetric Emergencies
Nhi Nguyen gives the talk on a topic that terrifies many - obstetric emergencies. The talk can be heard on www.intensivecarenetwork.com
Hypertensive disorders in Pregnancy
A comprehensive overview of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy with its complications and management. Mainly focused on gestational hypertension, preeclampsia and eclampsia.
INTRA UTERINE GROWTH RETARDATION
This document summarizes information about intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). It discusses normal fetal growth occurring in three stages: hyperplasia, hyperplasia and hypertrophy, and hypertrophy. Causes of IUGR include maternal, fetal, placental, and environmental factors. Maternal causes include medical conditions, malnutrition, smoking, and infections. Fetal causes include genetic abnormalities and infections. Placental causes include improper placentation and reduced blood flow. Clinical features of IUGR infants include a large head, thin skin, and scaphoid abdomen. Risk prediction methods include ultrasound and Doppler. Problems for IUGR infants include hypoxia, hypoglycemia, and immunological and metabolic issues. Management
Neonatal Hypoglycemia and Infant of a Diabetic Mother
This document discusses hypoglycemia in infants of diabetic mothers. It begins by outlining the risks of hypoglycemia in these infants, including transient drops in blood glucose levels after birth due to high insulin levels. It then discusses the causes, symptoms, diagnosis and management of hypoglycemia. Key points include the importance of monitoring blood glucose levels, treating low levels aggressively with IV dextrose boluses and infusions, and addressing any other issues such as hypocalcemia.
IUGR
This document discusses intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), defined as restricted fetal growth where the fetus does not reach its growth potential. IUGR complicates 5-10% of pregnancies and is a leading cause of stillbirths. It can be difficult to diagnose and distinguish SGA babies from those with true IUGR. The document outlines various causes of IUGR including maternal, fetal, and placental factors. Screening involves fundal height measurements, ultrasound assessments of biometric measures and Doppler of umbilical artery blood flow. Abnormal Doppler readings and estimated fetal weight below the 3rd percentile are strongly associated with adverse neonatal outcomes. Management involves surveillance and timing of delivery depends on underlying etiology and gestational age.
Perinatal Asphyxia in neonates with cause and management
Perinatal asphyxia, Definition, cause, pathophysiology and management
complications of preterm birth pediatrics 2.pptx
Preterm infants, born before 37 weeks gestation, face increased risks of complications that depend on gestational age and birth weight. Immediate complications include issues like hypothermia, hypoglycemia, respiratory distress, and infections. Long term complications can include developmental delays, vision or hearing problems, and chronic lung disease. Care of the preterm infant focuses on temperature regulation, careful feeding, monitoring for common problems like apnea and jaundice, and facilitating extra growth and development.
Acls
This document discusses the classification, diagnosis, risk factors, pathophysiology, management, and complications of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy including gestational hypertension, chronic hypertension, preeclampsia, and eclampsia. It classifies the hypertensive disorders and defines the criteria for each. It covers the potential risk factors, proposed pathophysiological mechanisms, and maternal and fetal effects. The document provides guidelines on evaluation and management of the hypertension and seizure prophylaxis. It also discusses magnesium sulfate use and monitoring for eclampsia prevention and treatment.
Intrauterine growth restriction
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) refers to a fetus with an estimated weight less than 10th percentile for gestational age. IUGR can occur due to reduced fetal growth potential from genetic/structural issues or infections, or reduced fetal growth support from maternal/placental factors like malnutrition, hypoxia, or drugs. IUGR increases risks of complications during labor like meconium aspiration or fetal distress. Intrauterine death refers to fetal death after 20 weeks of gestation, which can have unknown causes or be due to maternal/fetal/placental conditions like preeclampsia, infections, or cord accidents. Diagnosis involves assessing fetal movement and heart rate. Management depends on gestational
IUGR.pptx
This document discusses intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). It defines normal fetal growth and describes the three stages of growth from cell hyperplasia to hypertrophy. IUGR can be caused by maternal, fetal, placental or environmental factors. Clinical features of IUGR babies include low weight, large head circumference, and signs of wasting. Prediction methods include history, examination, serum screening, Doppler ultrasound. Problems for IUGR infants include hypoxia, temperature regulation issues, metabolic disturbances like hypoglycemia, and increased morbidity and mortality. Management focuses on prevention of hypothermia, maintaining breathing, proper nutrition/feeding, and monitoring for complications.
Heart diseases in pregnancy.pptx
1) Cardiac diseases complicate 1-2% of pregnancies but are a leading cause of maternal death, accounting for 20% of maternal mortality. The physiological changes in pregnancy like increased cardiac output and decreased vascular resistance pose additional challenges for women with heart conditions.
2) Evaluation of cardiac disease in pregnancy involves thorough history, physical exam, and investigations like ECG, echocardiogram, and cardiac MRI if needed. Symptoms of heart disease need to be distinguished from normal pregnancy symptoms.
3) Management involves careful monitoring throughout pregnancy and individualizing care based on the specific heart condition and functional status of the mother. This includes balancing rest with activity, preventing infections and decompensation, monitoring for signs of
Approach to Intrauterine growth restriction
Approach to Intrauterine growth restriction
IUGR
Neonatology
monitoring of a growth-restricted fetus
Fetal growth restriction
FGR
Aki in pregnancy
This document provides an overview of acute kidney injury (AKI) in pregnancy. It discusses the definition of AKI in pregnancy, epidemiology, physiologic changes during pregnancy that impact the kidneys, common etiologies of AKI including preeclampsia, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, and hemolytic uremic syndrome. It also covers the diagnostic approach, differential diagnosis, and treatment considerations for AKI in pregnancy.
matrn mortility (3).pptx
This document summarizes a maternal mortality audit discussing a patient who presented with postpartum hemorrhage after a stillbirth. The 24-year-old patient delivered a stillborn baby at 34 weeks gestation and experienced atonic PPH. She received initial management at another hospital but was referred for further care due to continued bleeding and deterioration. Upon arrival, her condition was poor. Despite aggressive management including blood transfusions, uterotonic drugs, uterine packing and balloon tamponade, her condition continued to decline and she suffered cardiac arrest. She could not be revived after extensive resuscitation efforts and was declared dead. The audit discusses her clinical course, management, and cause of death from postpartum hemorrhage.
endometriosis pain.pptx
This document discusses various treatment options for endometriosis. It covers medical treatments like NSAIDs, combined oral contraceptives, progestagens, GnRH agonists, and aromatase inhibitors. Surgical treatments include ablation/excision of endometriotic lesions, cystectomy, and hysterectomy for severe cases. Adjuvant procedures like presacral neurectomy and LUNA are also mentioned. Recurrent endometriosis and extra-pelvic endometriosis involving the urinary tract, intestines, and abdominal wall are briefly covered. Novel treatments under investigation include Elagolix, dienogest, SERMs, and SPERMs.
More Related Content
Similar to Neonatal complication.pptx
Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy dr. betha fe m. castillo 102413
Hypertension is a common complication of pregnancy, affecting 5-10% of pregnancies. It includes gestational hypertension and preeclampsia. Gestational hypertension is defined as new hypertension after 20 weeks without proteinuria, while preeclampsia includes hypertension and proteinuria. Risk factors for preeclampsia include prior preeclampsia, chronic hypertension, diabetes, and family history. Symptoms involve the cardiovascular, renal, hepatic, and neurological systems. Treatment involves monitoring and delivery, with expectant management for mild cases and aggressive control of hypertension for severe preeclampsia.
Neonatal cardiac failure
This document discusses neonatal cardiac failure, including the pathophysiology of atrioventricular septal defect. It notes that the neonatal myocardium is anatomically different from the mature heart, with less organized myofibrils and contractile efficiency. This makes the neonatal heart more dependent on compensatory mechanisms like neurohormonal activation and the Frank-Starling response. Medical management aims to reduce afterload and preload on the heart through diuretics and ACE inhibitors while providing respiratory support. Surgical intervention may be needed to correct underlying structural defects.
Infant of diabetic mother
Gestational diabetes can cause complications in infants due to hyperglycemia transferring through the placenta. Infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs) are at risk for birth defects if hyperglycemia occurs early in pregnancy during organ development. Later hyperglycemia increases risks for macrosomia, hypoglycemia, and other issues. IDMs require careful monitoring and treatment of potential complications in the neonatal period such as hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, respiratory distress, and cardiomyopathy. Long term, IDMs have increased risk of obesity, diabetes, and developmental or cognitive delays.
Pregnancycardiomyopathy
Pregnancy can be associated with the development of cardiomyopathy, a condition where the heart muscle becomes weakened and enlarged. It typically presents with symptoms of heart failure like shortness of breath and edema at the end of pregnancy or within months after delivery. The cause is often unknown but may be related to viral infections, inflammation, or genetic factors. Diagnosis involves ruling out other potential causes through testing like echocardiograms and treating the symptoms of heart failure. Prognosis varies significantly, with around 30% of patients recovering normal heart function postpartum, 50% seeing significant improvement, and mortality rates ranging from 3-16% depending on race and progression of symptoms.
PPHN.pptx
This case involves a very preterm neonate born at 29 weeks gestation with severe respiratory distress syndrome that led to persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn. The baby required multiple doses of surfactant, high frequency ventilation, and inhaled nitric oxide to manage the respiratory issues. Sepsis developed later on despite treatment, resulting in disseminated intravascular coagulation and a grade 4 intraventricular hemorrhage. The neonate deteriorated further and died from respiratory failure and cardiac arrest despite resuscitative efforts. Key lessons were that prematurity poses high risks for lung immaturity, infection, and brain hemorrhage, and that preventing healthcare-associated infections is important for improving outcomes in fragile preterm infants.
ncy xv.pptm,nxljhbdn kja kjs kajn lkjdshfd,ja ck
This document discusses various medical and surgical complications that can occur in obstetrics, including diabetes, thyroid disease, hypertension, heart disease, lung disease, kidney disease, and blood clotting disorders. It covers the diagnosis, potential maternal and fetal complications, and management recommendations for each condition.
Rds
This document provides an overview of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in neonates. RDS, formerly known as hyaline membrane disease, is caused by a deficiency of pulmonary surfactant in an immature lung, especially in preterm infants. It affects about 20,000-30,000 newborn infants each year in the US. The presentation, risk factors, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatments of RDS are discussed in detail. Prevention primarily involves antenatal glucocorticoid administration to enhance lung maturation for at-risk pregnancies. Treatment focuses on surfactant therapy, ventilation support, and general supportive care for affected newborns.
Nhi Nguyen on Obstetric Emergencies
Nhi Nguyen gives the talk on a topic that terrifies many - obstetric emergencies. The talk can be heard on www.intensivecarenetwork.com
Hypertensive disorders in Pregnancy
A comprehensive overview of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy with its complications and management. Mainly focused on gestational hypertension, preeclampsia and eclampsia.
INTRA UTERINE GROWTH RETARDATION
This document summarizes information about intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). It discusses normal fetal growth occurring in three stages: hyperplasia, hyperplasia and hypertrophy, and hypertrophy. Causes of IUGR include maternal, fetal, placental, and environmental factors. Maternal causes include medical conditions, malnutrition, smoking, and infections. Fetal causes include genetic abnormalities and infections. Placental causes include improper placentation and reduced blood flow. Clinical features of IUGR infants include a large head, thin skin, and scaphoid abdomen. Risk prediction methods include ultrasound and Doppler. Problems for IUGR infants include hypoxia, hypoglycemia, and immunological and metabolic issues. Management
Neonatal Hypoglycemia and Infant of a Diabetic Mother
This document discusses hypoglycemia in infants of diabetic mothers. It begins by outlining the risks of hypoglycemia in these infants, including transient drops in blood glucose levels after birth due to high insulin levels. It then discusses the causes, symptoms, diagnosis and management of hypoglycemia. Key points include the importance of monitoring blood glucose levels, treating low levels aggressively with IV dextrose boluses and infusions, and addressing any other issues such as hypocalcemia.
IUGR
This document discusses intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), defined as restricted fetal growth where the fetus does not reach its growth potential. IUGR complicates 5-10% of pregnancies and is a leading cause of stillbirths. It can be difficult to diagnose and distinguish SGA babies from those with true IUGR. The document outlines various causes of IUGR including maternal, fetal, and placental factors. Screening involves fundal height measurements, ultrasound assessments of biometric measures and Doppler of umbilical artery blood flow. Abnormal Doppler readings and estimated fetal weight below the 3rd percentile are strongly associated with adverse neonatal outcomes. Management involves surveillance and timing of delivery depends on underlying etiology and gestational age.
Perinatal Asphyxia in neonates with cause and management
Perinatal asphyxia, Definition, cause, pathophysiology and management
complications of preterm birth pediatrics 2.pptx
Preterm infants, born before 37 weeks gestation, face increased risks of complications that depend on gestational age and birth weight. Immediate complications include issues like hypothermia, hypoglycemia, respiratory distress, and infections. Long term complications can include developmental delays, vision or hearing problems, and chronic lung disease. Care of the preterm infant focuses on temperature regulation, careful feeding, monitoring for common problems like apnea and jaundice, and facilitating extra growth and development.
Acls
This document discusses the classification, diagnosis, risk factors, pathophysiology, management, and complications of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy including gestational hypertension, chronic hypertension, preeclampsia, and eclampsia. It classifies the hypertensive disorders and defines the criteria for each. It covers the potential risk factors, proposed pathophysiological mechanisms, and maternal and fetal effects. The document provides guidelines on evaluation and management of the hypertension and seizure prophylaxis. It also discusses magnesium sulfate use and monitoring for eclampsia prevention and treatment.
Intrauterine growth restriction
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) refers to a fetus with an estimated weight less than 10th percentile for gestational age. IUGR can occur due to reduced fetal growth potential from genetic/structural issues or infections, or reduced fetal growth support from maternal/placental factors like malnutrition, hypoxia, or drugs. IUGR increases risks of complications during labor like meconium aspiration or fetal distress. Intrauterine death refers to fetal death after 20 weeks of gestation, which can have unknown causes or be due to maternal/fetal/placental conditions like preeclampsia, infections, or cord accidents. Diagnosis involves assessing fetal movement and heart rate. Management depends on gestational
IUGR.pptx
This document discusses intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). It defines normal fetal growth and describes the three stages of growth from cell hyperplasia to hypertrophy. IUGR can be caused by maternal, fetal, placental or environmental factors. Clinical features of IUGR babies include low weight, large head circumference, and signs of wasting. Prediction methods include history, examination, serum screening, Doppler ultrasound. Problems for IUGR infants include hypoxia, temperature regulation issues, metabolic disturbances like hypoglycemia, and increased morbidity and mortality. Management focuses on prevention of hypothermia, maintaining breathing, proper nutrition/feeding, and monitoring for complications.
Heart diseases in pregnancy.pptx
1) Cardiac diseases complicate 1-2% of pregnancies but are a leading cause of maternal death, accounting for 20% of maternal mortality. The physiological changes in pregnancy like increased cardiac output and decreased vascular resistance pose additional challenges for women with heart conditions.
2) Evaluation of cardiac disease in pregnancy involves thorough history, physical exam, and investigations like ECG, echocardiogram, and cardiac MRI if needed. Symptoms of heart disease need to be distinguished from normal pregnancy symptoms.
3) Management involves careful monitoring throughout pregnancy and individualizing care based on the specific heart condition and functional status of the mother. This includes balancing rest with activity, preventing infections and decompensation, monitoring for signs of
Approach to Intrauterine growth restriction
Approach to Intrauterine growth restriction
IUGR
Neonatology
monitoring of a growth-restricted fetus
Fetal growth restriction
FGR
Aki in pregnancy
This document provides an overview of acute kidney injury (AKI) in pregnancy. It discusses the definition of AKI in pregnancy, epidemiology, physiologic changes during pregnancy that impact the kidneys, common etiologies of AKI including preeclampsia, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, and hemolytic uremic syndrome. It also covers the diagnostic approach, differential diagnosis, and treatment considerations for AKI in pregnancy.
Similar to Neonatal complication.pptx (20)
Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy dr. betha fe m. castillo 102413
Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy dr. betha fe m. castillo 102413
Neonatal Hypoglycemia and Infant of a Diabetic Mother
Neonatal Hypoglycemia and Infant of a Diabetic Mother
Perinatal Asphyxia in neonates with cause and management
Perinatal Asphyxia in neonates with cause and management
More from kajalgupta681731
matrn mortility (3).pptx
This document summarizes a maternal mortality audit discussing a patient who presented with postpartum hemorrhage after a stillbirth. The 24-year-old patient delivered a stillborn baby at 34 weeks gestation and experienced atonic PPH. She received initial management at another hospital but was referred for further care due to continued bleeding and deterioration. Upon arrival, her condition was poor. Despite aggressive management including blood transfusions, uterotonic drugs, uterine packing and balloon tamponade, her condition continued to decline and she suffered cardiac arrest. She could not be revived after extensive resuscitation efforts and was declared dead. The audit discusses her clinical course, management, and cause of death from postpartum hemorrhage.
endometriosis pain.pptx
This document discusses various treatment options for endometriosis. It covers medical treatments like NSAIDs, combined oral contraceptives, progestagens, GnRH agonists, and aromatase inhibitors. Surgical treatments include ablation/excision of endometriotic lesions, cystectomy, and hysterectomy for severe cases. Adjuvant procedures like presacral neurectomy and LUNA are also mentioned. Recurrent endometriosis and extra-pelvic endometriosis involving the urinary tract, intestines, and abdominal wall are briefly covered. Novel treatments under investigation include Elagolix, dienogest, SERMs, and SPERMs.
Adenomyosis.pptx
Adenomyosis is a benign condition where endometrial glands and stroma grow within the myometrium of the uterus. It causes monthly menstrual cramps and abnormal uterine bleeding as the gland tissue grows during the menstrual cycle but cannot fully slough during menses. Common symptoms include pelvic pain, severe menstrual cramps, heavy periods, and subfertility. Risk factors may include higher parity but not factors like age at menarche or tubal ligation.
hmolesrd-190102152314.pptx
Complete hydatidiform mole results from fertilization of an egg by two sperm cells (dispermy), resulting in a triploid fetus. Partial molar pregnancies occur when a normal egg is fertilized by two sperm, resulting in an abnormal placenta. Diagnosis is made through clinical exam, blood tests showing elevated hCG levels, ultrasound findings, and pathological examination. Treatment involves surgical evacuation of the uterus followed by monitoring of hCG levels to ensure no remaining molar tissue.
recurrentabortion.pptx
Recurrent abortion is defined as 3 or more consecutive spontaneous abortions. It can be caused by maternal factors like infections, hormonal imbalances, cervical incompetence, or fetal chromosomal defects. Cervical incompetence typically causes later term abortions after 14 weeks and is investigated using ultrasound or cervical exams. Investigations for recurrent abortion include blood tests, ultrasound, and cervical cultures to identify causes like infections, hormonal disorders, or anatomical abnormalities that can then be treated to prevent future miscarriages. Treatments may include cerclage surgery, medications, hormone therapy, or managing underlying maternal health conditions.
JC.pptx
Early vs expectant artificial rupture of membranes following Foley catheter ripening: a randomized controlled trial jc presentation
anatomy of female genital tract.pptx
The female genital tract includes external genitalia like the labia majora and minora, clitoris, and vestibule containing the urethral and vaginal openings. Internal structures include the urethra, which connects the bladder to the external urethral meatus, and Bartholin's glands in the vestibule that secrete fluid during sexual arousal. The genital tract is supplied by branches of the internal pudendal artery and innervated by pudendal nerve branches. It is susceptible to infections spreading between structures due to their close proximity.
PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES IN PREGNANCY.pptx
Physiological changes in pregnancy affect many body systems. The reproductive tract undergoes changes like increased vascularity in the vulva, vagina and cervix to accommodate birth. The breasts enlarge due to ductal and alveolar growth in preparation for lactation. Metabolic changes increase calorie and protein needs to support the growing fetus. The uterus expands dramatically under the influence of hormones to carry the pregnancy.
More from kajalgupta681731 (8)
Recently uploaded
All info about Diabetes and how to control it.
One health condition that is becoming more common day by day is diabetes.
According to research conducted by the National Family Health Survey of India, diabetic cases show a projection which might increase to 10.4% by 2030.
Top-Vitamin-Supplement-Brands-in-India List
Swisschem Dermacare provides the Top 10 Vitamin Supplement Brands in India. To know more about us give us call at our official number
Integrating Ayurveda into Parkinson’s Management: A Holistic Approach
Explore the benefits of combining Ayurveda with conventional Parkinson's treatments. Learn how a holistic approach can manage symptoms, enhance well-being, and balance body energies. Discover the steps to safely integrate Ayurvedic practices into your Parkinson’s care plan, including expert guidance on diet, herbal remedies, and lifestyle modifications.
share - Lions, tigers, AI and health misinformation, oh my!.pptx
• Pitfalls and pivots needed to use AI effectively in public health
• Evidence-based strategies to address health misinformation effectively
• Building trust with communities online and offline
• Equipping health professionals to address questions, concerns and health misinformation
• Assessing risk and mitigating harm from adverse health narratives in communities, health workforce and health system
The Electrocardiogram - Physiologic Principles
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Top Effective Soaps for Fungal Skin Infections in India
Swisschem Dermacare has mentioned the List of The Best Antifungal Soap In India 2022. All of these soaps are trusted by various Dermatology Experts.
TEST BANK For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by...
TEST BANK For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by Stamler, Verified Chapters 1 - 33, Complete Newest Version Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by Stamler, Verified Chapters 1 - 33, Complete Newest Version Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by Stamler Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition TEST BANK by Stamler Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Chapters Download Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Download Stuvia Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Study Guide Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Ebook Download Stuvia Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Questions and Answers Quizlet Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Studocu Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Quizlet Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Chapters Download Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Download Course Hero Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Answers Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Ebook Download Course hero Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Questions and Answers Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Studocu Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Pdf Chapters Download Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Pdf Download Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Study Guide Questions and Answers Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Ebook Download Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Questions Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Studocu Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Stuvia
TEST BANK For Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice, 3rd...
TEST BANK For Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice, 3rd Edition by DeMarco, Walsh, Verified Chapters 1 - 25, Complete Newest Version TEST BANK For Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice, 3rd Edition by DeMarco, Walsh, Verified Chapters 1 - 25, Complete Newest Version TEST BANK For Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice, 3rd Edition by DeMarco, Walsh, Verified Chapters 1 - 25, Complete Newest Version Test Bank For Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Pdf Chapters Download Test Bank For Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Pdf Download Stuvia Test Bank For Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Study Guide Test Bank For Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Ebook Download Stuvia Test Bank For Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Questions and Answers Quizlet Test Bank For Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Studocu Test Bank For Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Quizlet Test Bank For Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Stuvia Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Pdf Chapters Download Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Pdf Download Course Hero Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Answers Quizlet Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Ebook Download Course hero Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Questions and Answers Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Studocu Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Quizlet Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Stuvia Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Test Bank Pdf Chapters Download Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Test Bank Pdf Download Stuvia Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Test Bank Study Guide Questions and Answers Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Test Bank Ebook Download Stuvia Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Test Bank Questions Quizlet Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Test Bank Studocu Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Test Bank Quizlet Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 3rd Edition Test Bank Stuvia
Post-Menstrual Smell- When to Suspect Vaginitis.pptx
Do you have abnormal smell after periods? It may be vaginitis. Do not worry, herbal medicine Fuyan Pill can help you get a cure.
Role of Mukta Pishti in the Management of Hyperthyroidism
Muktapishti is a traditional Ayurvedic preparation made from Shoditha Mukta (Purified Pearl), is believed to help regulate thyroid function and reduce symptoms of hyperthyroidism due to its cooling and balancing properties. Clinical evidence on its efficacy remains limited, necessitating further research to validate its therapeutic benefits.
Recently uploaded (20)
Integrating Ayurveda into Parkinson’s Management: A Holistic Approach
Integrating Ayurveda into Parkinson’s Management: A Holistic Approach
share - Lions, tigers, AI and health misinformation, oh my!.pptx
share - Lions, tigers, AI and health misinformation, oh my!.pptx
Top Effective Soaps for Fungal Skin Infections in India
Top Effective Soaps for Fungal Skin Infections in India
TEST BANK For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by...
TEST BANK For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by...
TEST BANK For Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice, 3rd...
TEST BANK For Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice, 3rd...
Tests for analysis of different pharmaceutical.pptx
Tests for analysis of different pharmaceutical.pptx
Post-Menstrual Smell- When to Suspect Vaginitis.pptx
Post-Menstrual Smell- When to Suspect Vaginitis.pptx
Role of Mukta Pishti in the Management of Hyperthyroidism
Role of Mukta Pishti in the Management of Hyperthyroidism
Neonatal complication.pptx
- 1. NEONATAL COMPLIACTIONS OF IUGR BABY PRESENTOR – DR KAJAL GUPTA MODERATOR – DR ARCHANA MEHTA
- 2. • Perinatal mortality and morbidity of IUGR infants is 3-20 times higher than normal infants • Antepartum period Increased incidence of Still birth and oligohydramnios • IUGR is found in 10-20% of stillbirths • During laborHigher incidence • Meconium aspiration • Fetal distress • Intrapartum fetal death
- 5. COMPLICATIONS IN NEONATAL PERIOD • Cardiovascular Morbidity: • Early hypotension • Persistent fetal circulation/PPHN • Structural heart changes • Vessel wall rigidity • Cardiac function issues
- 6. • Late systemic hypertension • Secondary pulmonary hypertension
- 7. • Respiratory morbidity: • Increased need for respiratory/ventilator support • Meconium aspiration syndrome • Pulmonary hemorrhage • Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
- 8. • Neurological morbidity • Perinatal asphyxia • Microcephaly • Cranial ultrasound abnormalities (IVH, PVL) • White matter and gray matter changes on MRI Functional and DTI MRI changes • General movement assessment abnormalities • EEG abnormalities
- 9. • Others • Poor transitions • Hypoglycemia • Hypocalcemia • Hypothermia • Sepsis Jaundice • Polycythemia
- 10. • Prolonged NICU stay • Feed intolerance • Delay in establishment of feeds • Necrotizing enterocolitis • Renal tubular injury • Retinopathy of prematurity
- 11. LONG TERM IMPACT • Cardiovascular morbidity: • Hypertension • Ischemic heart disease • Stroke • Atherosclerosis • Respiratory morbidity: • Chronic respiratory insufficiency • Reactive airway disease
- 12. • Neurological morbidity: • Neurodevelopmental issues • Behavioral problems • Learning difficulties • Cerebral palsy • Dementia • Mental health issues
- 13. • Others: • Failure to thrive • Obesity • Immune dysfunction • Osteoporosis • Metabolic syndrome
- 14. • Renal issues • Hormonal issues • Cancer • Shortened life span
- 15. .