Embark on a comprehensive journey through the realm of drug discovery with our presentation, "Navigating the Landscape: Innovative Screening Models for Anti-Inflammatory Drugs." This in-depth exploration delves into the intricacies of identifying potential therapeutics, addressing the growing need for effective anti-inflammatory agents in modern medicine. Introduction : Unlock the doors to the latest advancements in drug discovery as we traverse the complex landscape of anti-inflammatory research. This presentation serves as a guide to the innovative screening models employed to uncover promising candidates for combating inflammation-related disorders. From the significance of anti-inflammatory drugs in therapeutic interventions to the challenges faced in their development, our exploration begins with a nuanced understanding of the field. Key Screening Models : Delve into the heart of drug discovery methodologies with a detailed examination of cutting-edge screening models. Explore traditional in vitro assays, high-throughput screening techniques, and emerging in vivo models designed to mimic the complexities of the human body. Gain insights into the strengths and limitations of each approach, shedding light on how these models contribute to the identification and validation of potential anti-inflammatory compounds. Technological Innovations: Navigate the technological landscape that propels drug discovery forward. Uncover the role of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and advanced data analytics in optimizing screening processes. Witness the synergy between experimental and computational approaches, offering unprecedented efficiency in identifying lead compounds with anti-inflammatory potential. Challenges and Future Prospects : Address the hurdles faced in anti-inflammatory drug discovery, from issues of selectivity to the complexities of translating preclinical success to clinical efficacy. Explore ongoing efforts to bridge the gap between bench and bedside, and envision the future prospects that hold promise for groundbreaking therapies in the realm of inflammation modulation. Conclusion : As we conclude our journey, reflect on the dynamic landscape of anti-inflammatory drug discovery. Appreciate the collaborative efforts across disciplines and anticipate the transformative impact these innovations will have on shaping the future of medicine. Presenter: Gadage Ashish Rambhau (M Pharm Pharmacology ) Pravara Rural College of Pharmacy

1. SCREENING MODELS OF ANTI-
INFLAMMATORY DRUGS
Presented by Mr.Gadage Ashish R.
M.Pharm sem 1
department of pharmacology
Under The Guidance of
Dr Dighe S.B
Head Of Department PhD In
Pharmacology

2.  Content
 INTRODUCTION
 TYPES OF INFLAMMATION
 ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS
 MOA OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS
 FIG .PLETHYSMOMETERys
 PRECLINICAL SCREENING METHODS FOR ANTI-INFLAMMATORY
AGENTS
A) In vitro models
B) In vivo models

3.  INTRODUCTION
 Inflammation is a universal host defensive process involving a
complex network of cell-cell, cell-mediator and tissue interaction
 The factors that can cause inflammation are bacteria, viruses,
fungi, parasites, antigen-antibodyreaction, mechanical trauma,
organic and inorganic poisons and foreign bodies.
 Inflammation is response to variety of harmful stimuli physical,
chemical, traumatic antigen challenge, infectious agents and
ionizing radiations.

4. FACTORS
 Xogenous:
Physical, chemical, mechanical, nutritional and biological etc
 Endogenous:
immunological reactions, neurological and genetical disorders

5. TYPES OF INFLAMMATION
 Acute inflammation is of relatively short duration (hours to
days) and is rapid onset . Characterized by exudation of fluid and
plasma proteins Activation of platelet and neutrophils
 Chronic inflammation is of longer duration (days to years)
Characterized by mononuclear infiltration, vascular proliferation
and tissue necrosi

6.  ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS
 Anti-inflammatory drugs are medicines that are widely used to
relieve pain, reduce inflammation.
 They're often used to relieve symptoms of: headaches. painful
periods. sprains and strains.
 E.g Ibuprofen,Aspirin

7. Classification of Antiiflammatory Drugs

8. MOA OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS

9. PRECLINICAL SCREENING METHODS FOR
ANTIINFLAMMATORY
A) IN VITRO MODELS
1) Cell Culture Models
2 )Enzyme Inhibition Assays
B) IN VIVO MODELS
1) Carrageen induced rat paw Oedema model.
2) Formalin induced oedema in rat paw .
3) UV-B induced erythema in guinea pigs.

10.  IN VITRO ASSAYS
1)Cell Culture Models:
Using cell lines or primary cells to simulate inflammation
and test the anti- inflammatory effects of compounds.
2)Enzyme Inhibition Assays:
Assessing the ability of compounds to inhibit specific
enzymes involved in the inflammatory process, such as
cyclooxygenase (COX) or lipoxygenase.

11. The inflammatory reaction is readily produced in rats in
the form of paw edema with the help of irritants.
• The substances such as
✓ Carrageenan
✔ Formalin
• when injected in the dorsum of foot of the rat, they
produce acute paw oedema within a few min of injection.

12. 1) Carrageen induced rat paw Oedema model
Requirements:
• Animal: Rats (150-200 g)
• Drug/ Chemical: Carrageenan and Indomethacine
•Drug preparation:
a) Carrageenans (prepares 1% w/v solution and inject 0.1 ml
underneath the plantar region)
b) Indomethacin (20 mg/Kg, s.c.) prepare stock solution 4 mg/ml.
Inject in proportion of 0.5ml/100 g of body wt of the rat.
c) Normal saline injected in proportion of 0.5ml/100 g of body wt of
the rat.
• Equipment and Apparatus: Plethysmograph or Digital
Plethysmometer, , syringes, oral feeding tube, e

13. A plethysmometer measures slight changes in
oedema (fluid retention) and volume to
calculate the rodents' inflammatory response to
anti-inflammatory agents.
A highly useful tool in the measurement of
small volume changes
This test is typically used to
✔To Follow the evolution of the
inflammatory response experimentally
induced in rodents
✔To screen potential anti-inflammatory or
anti-oedema properties pharmacological
substances
FIG .PLETHYSMOMETER

14. Procedure:
1. Weigh the animals and number them
2. Make the mark on both the hind paw (right and left) just beyond
the tibio-tarsal junction so that one can ensure that every time the
paw is dipped in the mercury column up to the fixed mark
3. Note the initial paw volume (both right and left) of each rat by
mercury displacement method.
4 Divide the animals in 02 groups (control and Indomethacine-
treated group) each comprising of at least 06 rats.
5. Control group inject saline and to test group inject Indomethacin
by subcutaneous (s.c). route

15. 6. After 30 min, inject 0.1 ml 1% (w/v) carrageenan in plantar
region of left paw of control group as well as Indomethacine
treated group.
7. Right paw of each rat will serve as reference non-inflamed paw
for comparison.
8 Note the paw volume of both the legs of control treated with
normal saline and Indomethacine-treated rats at 15, 30, 60 and 120
min of carrageenan challenge
9.Calculate the % difference in right and left paw volumes of each
rat of control and Indomethacine- treated group.
10. Compare the mean % change in paw volume in control and
drug treated rats Express the % oedema inhibited by anti-
inflammatory drug- Indomethacin

16. OBSERVATION TABLE
INFERENCE
Indomethacin showed anti-inflammatory activity against
carrageenan-induced paw oedema
Vehical Treated Drug Treated
0.75 0.51
0.73 0.49
0.78 0.53
0.74 0.55
0,74 0.58
0.77 0.56
0.75 0.53 Average

17. REFERENCE:
1. Screening of methods in pharmacolgy volume 1,by Robert A. Turner.
2. Drug discovery and evaluation :pharmacological assays 2nd edition,By
Gerhard vogel.
3. Powerpoint presentation acknowledgement :Mr Jaineel Dharod. LMCP
4. Review on “Emerging trends and modification of In Vivo and In Vitro
Screening techquies of diuretic activity” by Kiran Kulkarni,Manish
Kondawar.JCRT

18. Thank you