Natural selection simulation 2
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This document describes a natural selection simulation involving a bunny population. It outlines 8 experiments where bunnies are introduced with genetic mutations and exposed to different selection pressures like predators or food availability. The results track how many bunnies live and die and whether the population remains stable. It aims to demonstrate genetic variation, adaptation, and how selection factors influence real animal populations.
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The document discusses natural selection and how traits become more or less common over generations within populations. It describes an investigation using a simulation of ostrilopes with different color traits. Data was collected on how many offspring each color trait produced. The data showed that ostrilopes with the yellow color 7 trait reproduced more on average and became more common in the population over time, while ostrilopes with traits like blue 1 and yellow 10 that did not provide camouflage reproduced less and became less common. This occurred because traits that helped ostrilopes survive longer, like yellow 7, allowed them to reproduce more and pass on their genes more frequently.
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- How humans used food rewards to breed dogs for specific behaviors over thousands of years.
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1) Having students review evidence that the newt population changed, with more highly poisonous individuals now than 50 generations ago.
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3) Concluding that snakes likely caused high poison levels to become an adaptive trait, leading to more poisonous newts over time through natural selection.
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Question 1 Random changes in gene frequency that occur in small .docx
Question 1
Random changes in gene frequency that occur in small populations describes the concept of
A.
convergent evolution.
B.
adaptive radiation.
C.
sympatric speciation.
D.
genetic drift.
E.
parapatric speciation.
5 points
Question 2
On a molecular level, all organisms
A.
have the same bases in DNA and RNA, the same amino acids in proteins, but use different genetic codes.
B.
have the same bases in DNA and RNA, but different amino acids in proteins.
C.
have the same bases in DNA and RNA, the same amino acids in proteins, and use the same genetic code.
D.
show no similarities.
E.
use different means of storing genetic information.
5 points
Question 3
Which of the following is the best description of an adaptation?
A.
a trait that will be beneficial in the future
B.
a trait that was beneficial to survival in the past
C.
an environmental change that selects for certain traits
D.
a trait that is of no advantage to survival
E.
a trait that is currently beneficial to survival
5 points
Question 4
Which of the following statements about natural selection is true?
A.
All individuals within a population have an equal likelihood of survival. Survival is based on chance.
B.
Natural selection results in those individuals within a population who are best-adapted surviving and producing more offspring.
C.
Natural selection leads to extinction.
D.
Natural selection causes variations to arise within a population.
E.
Natural selection leads to increased likelihood of survival for certain individuals based on variation. The variation must come from outside the population.
5 points
Question 5
Embryonic development includes all of the following except
A.
cleavage.
B.
growth.
C.
organogenesis.
D.
gastrulation.
E.
fertilization.
5 points
Question 6
Vestigial organs
A.
include the human appendix and wisdom teeth and a snake’s hipbones.
B.
did not have a function when they first developed, but do so today.
C.
are not found in present-day organisms.
D.
are similar in many organisms.
E.
must have evolved individually in different organisms.
5 points
Question 7
Most mutations lead to a decreased chance of survival for the mutant organism. Rarely, a mutation can provide an increased chance of survival. These rare mutations provide a(n) _____________________ for the mutant.
A.
directional shift
B.
selective disadvantage
C.
adaptive
D.
selective advantage
E.
environmental susceptibility
5 points
Question 8
Which of the following is not true of the punctuated equilibrium theory?
A.
It suggests that most species undergo little phenotypic change during most of their evolutionary duration.
B.
It proposes that most evolutionary change is concentrated in relatively brief episodes of change.
C.
It was inspired in part by patterns observed in the fossil record.
D.
It appears to be well supported by the fossil record.
E.
It suggests that subgroups diverge and evolve at about equal and constant rates.
5 poin ...
Note Complete the questions asked in Part A and Part B.Part A .docx
Note: Complete the questions asked in Part A and Part B.
Part A: Briefly answer the following questions. Make sure you cite references in APA. Your answer must be 100% original.
Question 1
(Hint: Look in "Patterns- The family tree")
What is the trait that distinguishes primates, rodents/ rabbits, crocodiles, and dinosaurs/ birds from amphibians and earlier lineages?
Question 2
Would you expect a bird wing and a butterfly wing to be homologous or analogous structures? Explain.
Question 3
In your own words, list and define the four mechanisms of evolution.
Question 4
(Hint: Look in "Mechanisms- Natural selection")
In your own words, give an example in nature of how natural selection works.
Question 5
In your own words, describe the difference between microevolution and macroevolution.
Part B: Multiple choice questions
Question 1
In the following phylogenetic tree, which of the following are in the clade that has a therian mammal ancestor?
monotremes and eutherians
lepidosaurs and archosaurs
monotremes and marsupials
marsupials and eutherians
Question 2
In the following phylogenetic tree, the unique lineage of archosaurs is represented by:
a red line
a green line
a blue line
a black line
Question 3
In the following phylogenetic tree, which of the following is not a shared derived characteristic of therian mammals?
pouch
holoblastic cleavage
placentation
viviparity
Question 4
(Hint: look in "Mechanisms- Descent with modification")
In a population of beetles which can be either green or brown in color, the gene (allele) frequency of green beetles in 2009 was measured to be 36% and increased to 52% in 2010. The gene (allele) frequency of brown beetles in 2009 was measured to be 64% and decreased to 48% in 2010.
True of False? This population of beetles is evolving.
True
False
Question 5
Which of the following is the best example of the principle of "fitness"?
a white rabbit living on a forested hill side compared to a brown rabbit living there
gorilla males with large testicles consistently producing more offspring than gorilla males with small testicles
the most dominant chimpanzee male in the group eating more often than less dominant males
a giraffe having thicker,spottier fur than another giraffe
Question 6
Which of the following statements is TRUE?
mutation are non-random
only germline mutations can affect evolution
natural selection is random
mutation always affect the phenotype to the same extent
Question 7
Hummingbirds feed on flower nectar and often have a beak whose shape is adapted specifically to only one flower shape, fitting in no other flower species. As a result, this hummingbird may only feed on that particular flower and is its only pollinator, creating a mutual dependency between the two species.
This is an example of ___________.
(spelling counts; lower case letters only, please).
Question 8
A field biologist discovers a population of p.
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1- What is natural selection- A- The process whereby organisms better.docx
1. What is natural selection? A. The process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring. 8. Change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over several generations. C. Change in the frequency of alleles in a population due to random factors. D. The process whereby humans select organisms for preferred traits, allowing only those individuals with the most desirable traits to reproduce. 2. Which of these most accurately describes the field of animal behavior? A. Animal behavior is the interface between and organism and its environment. B. Animal behavior should never be used to try to understand human behavior. C. All animal behavior research is basic scientific research and serves no applied benefit. D. Animal behavior is a field of research that is only applicable to vertebrate species. 3. "If female guppies with red caudal fins (i.e., "tail" fins) produce more eggs than females with orange ones, then the red fin is an evolved adaptation." This statement A. is true, becatuse this species has variation, a critical requirement for the evolution of adaptations by natural selection. B. is false, because females with orange caudal fins could still have more offspring that live to reproduce than females with red fins. C. could be true or false, because we cannot tell without knowing whether females with red fins outnumber orange-finned females in this species. D. is false, because there is no guarantee that females with red caudal fins are the strongest of this species. 4. Which of the following is NOT a benefit we gain from conducting basic biological research? A. Basic science expands our total knowledge, from which new important discoveries can be made. B. Basic scientific often conducted. C. Basic science can answer fundamental questions about our world and have wide-ranging jpplications that are sometimes unknown
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Similar to Natural selection simulation 2
ACES
The ACE strategy is used to answer short answer and essay questions in 3 steps: 1) Answer the question completely using key words from the question, 2) Cite evidence from the text to support the answer, and 3) Explain the connection between the evidence and the answer. Following these three steps will help the writer thoroughly answer the question asked and understand the topic at a deeper level.
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The document is a science quiz about inherited versus learned traits. It contains 10 multiple choice questions testing understanding of key concepts such as the definitions of inherited and learned traits, examples of each, and whether traits are determined by genetic or environmental factors. The questions cover topics like genetic transmission from parents to offspring, learned behaviors, genetic traits versus phenotypes, and the influence of family and culture on trait development.
Question 1 Random changes in gene frequency that occur in small .docx
Question 1
Random changes in gene frequency that occur in small populations describes the concept of
A.
convergent evolution.
B.
adaptive radiation.
C.
sympatric speciation.
D.
genetic drift.
E.
parapatric speciation.
5 points
Question 2
On a molecular level, all organisms
A.
have the same bases in DNA and RNA, the same amino acids in proteins, but use different genetic codes.
B.
have the same bases in DNA and RNA, but different amino acids in proteins.
C.
have the same bases in DNA and RNA, the same amino acids in proteins, and use the same genetic code.
D.
show no similarities.
E.
use different means of storing genetic information.
5 points
Question 3
Which of the following is the best description of an adaptation?
A.
a trait that will be beneficial in the future
B.
a trait that was beneficial to survival in the past
C.
an environmental change that selects for certain traits
D.
a trait that is of no advantage to survival
E.
a trait that is currently beneficial to survival
5 points
Question 4
Which of the following statements about natural selection is true?
A.
All individuals within a population have an equal likelihood of survival. Survival is based on chance.
B.
Natural selection results in those individuals within a population who are best-adapted surviving and producing more offspring.
C.
Natural selection leads to extinction.
D.
Natural selection causes variations to arise within a population.
E.
Natural selection leads to increased likelihood of survival for certain individuals based on variation. The variation must come from outside the population.
5 points
Question 5
Embryonic development includes all of the following except
A.
cleavage.
B.
growth.
C.
organogenesis.
D.
gastrulation.
E.
fertilization.
5 points
Question 6
Vestigial organs
A.
include the human appendix and wisdom teeth and a snake’s hipbones.
B.
did not have a function when they first developed, but do so today.
C.
are not found in present-day organisms.
D.
are similar in many organisms.
E.
must have evolved individually in different organisms.
5 points
Question 7
Most mutations lead to a decreased chance of survival for the mutant organism. Rarely, a mutation can provide an increased chance of survival. These rare mutations provide a(n) _____________________ for the mutant.
A.
directional shift
B.
selective disadvantage
C.
adaptive
D.
selective advantage
E.
environmental susceptibility
5 points
Question 8
Which of the following is not true of the punctuated equilibrium theory?
A.
It suggests that most species undergo little phenotypic change during most of their evolutionary duration.
B.
It proposes that most evolutionary change is concentrated in relatively brief episodes of change.
C.
It was inspired in part by patterns observed in the fossil record.
D.
It appears to be well supported by the fossil record.
E.
It suggests that subgroups diverge and evolve at about equal and constant rates.
5 poin ...
Note Complete the questions asked in Part A and Part B.Part A .docx
Note: Complete the questions asked in Part A and Part B.
Part A: Briefly answer the following questions. Make sure you cite references in APA. Your answer must be 100% original.
Question 1
(Hint: Look in "Patterns- The family tree")
What is the trait that distinguishes primates, rodents/ rabbits, crocodiles, and dinosaurs/ birds from amphibians and earlier lineages?
Question 2
Would you expect a bird wing and a butterfly wing to be homologous or analogous structures? Explain.
Question 3
In your own words, list and define the four mechanisms of evolution.
Question 4
(Hint: Look in "Mechanisms- Natural selection")
In your own words, give an example in nature of how natural selection works.
Question 5
In your own words, describe the difference between microevolution and macroevolution.
Part B: Multiple choice questions
Question 1
In the following phylogenetic tree, which of the following are in the clade that has a therian mammal ancestor?
monotremes and eutherians
lepidosaurs and archosaurs
monotremes and marsupials
marsupials and eutherians
Question 2
In the following phylogenetic tree, the unique lineage of archosaurs is represented by:
a red line
a green line
a blue line
a black line
Question 3
In the following phylogenetic tree, which of the following is not a shared derived characteristic of therian mammals?
pouch
holoblastic cleavage
placentation
viviparity
Question 4
(Hint: look in "Mechanisms- Descent with modification")
In a population of beetles which can be either green or brown in color, the gene (allele) frequency of green beetles in 2009 was measured to be 36% and increased to 52% in 2010. The gene (allele) frequency of brown beetles in 2009 was measured to be 64% and decreased to 48% in 2010.
True of False? This population of beetles is evolving.
True
False
Question 5
Which of the following is the best example of the principle of "fitness"?
a white rabbit living on a forested hill side compared to a brown rabbit living there
gorilla males with large testicles consistently producing more offspring than gorilla males with small testicles
the most dominant chimpanzee male in the group eating more often than less dominant males
a giraffe having thicker,spottier fur than another giraffe
Question 6
Which of the following statements is TRUE?
mutation are non-random
only germline mutations can affect evolution
natural selection is random
mutation always affect the phenotype to the same extent
Question 7
Hummingbirds feed on flower nectar and often have a beak whose shape is adapted specifically to only one flower shape, fitting in no other flower species. As a result, this hummingbird may only feed on that particular flower and is its only pollinator, creating a mutual dependency between the two species.
This is an example of ___________.
(spelling counts; lower case letters only, please).
Question 8
A field biologist discovers a population of p.
The Genetic Background of Chemical Communication and Chemosensory Gene Evolut...
The genetic background of chemical communication and chemosensory gene evolution in ants. Master's thesis project.
Darwinian selection can be measured and investigated from gene sequences. A certain gene form favored by positive selection will become more common in the population. Detecting strong positive selection is rare, but it has been found to affect genes involved in immune defense and perception of odorants. Genes under positive selection have a possible role in speciation or adaptation. This is why chemical communication, being based on the sense of smell, is an interesting topic for measuring natural selection and positive selection in particular. Social insects, such as ants, are model organisms for chemical communication. They use chemical communication not only for finding nutrition and detecting intruders, but also in coordinating the activities of several thousands of colony members.
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This document discusses inheritance and genetics through three subtopics: variation, what is inheritance, and genetics and society. It begins by defining what a species is and providing examples of species and their varieties. It then discusses Mendel's experiments with pea plants that discovered the basic principles of heredity and inheritance patterns. The document explains key genetics concepts like genes, alleles, dominant and recessive traits, phenotypes, genotypes, and uses Punnett squares and monohybrid crosses to demonstrate inheritance patterns.
Cbse class 10 science chapter 9 heredity and evolution2015 11-09
This document contains a practice test for CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 9 on Heredity and Evolution. It includes 25 multiple choice questions and true/false questions to test understanding of concepts related to inheritance of traits, genetic variation, natural selection, evolution, and Mendel's experiments with garden peas. The questions cover topics such as dominant and recessive traits, genetic drift, inheritance of sex chromosomes, DNA as the source of genetic information, and more.
1- What is natural selection- A- The process whereby organisms better.docx
1. What is natural selection? A. The process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring. 8. Change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over several generations. C. Change in the frequency of alleles in a population due to random factors. D. The process whereby humans select organisms for preferred traits, allowing only those individuals with the most desirable traits to reproduce. 2. Which of these most accurately describes the field of animal behavior? A. Animal behavior is the interface between and organism and its environment. B. Animal behavior should never be used to try to understand human behavior. C. All animal behavior research is basic scientific research and serves no applied benefit. D. Animal behavior is a field of research that is only applicable to vertebrate species. 3. "If female guppies with red caudal fins (i.e., "tail" fins) produce more eggs than females with orange ones, then the red fin is an evolved adaptation." This statement A. is true, becatuse this species has variation, a critical requirement for the evolution of adaptations by natural selection. B. is false, because females with orange caudal fins could still have more offspring that live to reproduce than females with red fins. C. could be true or false, because we cannot tell without knowing whether females with red fins outnumber orange-finned females in this species. D. is false, because there is no guarantee that females with red caudal fins are the strongest of this species. 4. Which of the following is NOT a benefit we gain from conducting basic biological research? A. Basic science expands our total knowledge, from which new important discoveries can be made. B. Basic scientific often conducted. C. Basic science can answer fundamental questions about our world and have wide-ranging jpplications that are sometimes unknown
.
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Natural selection simulation 2
- 1. Natural Selection Simulation Exploration 1. What are some interesting things that you have control over in the simulation? 2. What happens to the bunny population if a friend is never added? Why is this? 3. What happens when you add a friend? 4. What happens to the population if the food is super abundant and there are no predators? 5. What is a genetic mutation? Write the definition. Experiment A Add a friend and a brown fur mutation to the bunny population. Add the (natural) selection factor* of wolves after F3 offspring appear. *The (natural) selection Experiment B factors used in this Add a friend and a brown fur mutation to the bunny population. simulation are most Add the (natural) selection factor of food after F3 offspring appear. often referred to as Experiment C “limiting factors” by Add a friend and a long teeth mutation to the bunny population. most scientists. Add the (natural) selection factor of wolves after F3 offspring appear. Experiment D Add a friend and a long teeth mutation to the bunny population. Add the (natural) selection factor of food after F3 offspring appear. Experiment E Repeat Experiment A in the Arctic Environment. Experiment F Repeat Experiment B in the Arctic Environment. Experiment F Repeat Experiment C in the Arctic Environment. Experiment F Repeat Experiment D in the Arctic Environment. Results Bunnies Bunnies Stable Experiment Comment on population changes during simulation lived died Population A B C D E F Conclusions 6. Define variation. What genetic variations are presented during this simulation? 7. Define adaptation. Give examples when an adaptation is beneficial to the bunnies. 8. What are 3 other (natural) section factors which effect animal populations in the real world?