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NATIONALISM grade 11 lesson.pptx
African nationalism in South Africa began developing in the early 1900s as Africans sought freedom and political participation. The formation of the South African Native National Congress in 1912 was a major step, becoming the African National Congress (ANC) in 1923. However, the rise of the apartheid government in 1948, implementing laws discriminating against and disenfranchising non-whites, frustrated nationalist efforts and led the ANC youth to adopt more determined tactics like boycotts and strikes to turn the ANC into a mass movement fighting for political rights for all South Africans.
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NATIONALISM grade 11 lesson.pptx
- 1. NATIONALISM: SOUTH AFRICA THE RISEOF AFRICAN NATIONALISM
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- 3. THE RISE OFAFRICAN NATIONALISM NATIONALISM??
- 4. THE RISE OFAFRICAN NATIONALISM CONT: 1900s Began developing in the early 1900s Africans: wanted to be FREE and have a SAY People thought: NATIONALIST MOVEMENT include all South Africans equally Impossible due to being governed by the whites supporting segregation policies Eventually, believed that South Africans should develop their own sense of African pride.
- 5. THE RISE OFAFRICAN NATIONALISM CONT: 1900s A.N in South Africa began as a form of resistance to SEGREGATION AND COLONIALISM Many S.A’s supported Britain in the South African War (1889-1902) between BRITAIN AND AFRIKANERS This is because they hoped Britain will provide better economic and political conditions. For example: abolishment of the pass laws the right to vote WHAT OTHER ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL CONDITIONS WERE SA’s hoping for?
- 6. THE RISE OFAFRICAN NATIONALISM CONT: 1900s After the war: became clear that the Union of SA would be based on white political control at the cost of black S.A’s New government to be formed but excluding non-whites In all the 4 colonies, Native Congresses were formed What are those 4 colonies?
- 7. THE RISE OFAFRICAN NATIONALISM CONT: 1900s The FOUR colonies are: (1) Cape Colony (2) Orange Free State (3) Natal (4) Transvaal 1906: Transvaal Native Congress wrote a letter to the British Parliament complaining about the PASS LAWS Unfortunately, the letter was ignored. 1909: ignorance of delegation by British governrment
- 8. THE RISE OFAFRICAN NATIONALISM CONT: 1900s 1910 MAY: formation of the Union of South Africa wherein whites had political power NEW GOVERNMENT: passed laws favoring the whites For example: only whites can vote only whites can own land in SA What does this mean?? This means that the non-whites were not considered as citizens THIS WAS A HUGE SETBACK FOR THE SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONALISM
- 9. IONAL CONGRESS: 1910s 1912 JANUARY: Major step in the rise of African Nationalism in S.A was the formation of South African Native National Congress that was later renamed as the African National Congress WHO WAS THE FIRST PRESIDENT OF THE SANNC? AIMS: (1) Unite Africans (2) oppose discrimination (3) win political rights for all No violence was done------used letters as form of protest action
- 10. ACTS The 1stact was sending another delegation to London protesting against the Black Land Act 27 of 1913 that prohibited Blacks from owning land The Mines and Works Act 12 of 1911 permitted certification of mining skills to the whites and coloureds only
- 11. . 1919: delegationsent to Paris where the Peace Conference was held hoping to get support from British government but unfortunately again it was ignored.
- 12. THE ICU DRAWSMASS SUPPORT: 1920s Organization emerged which drew the support of the working class ICU: INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL WORKERS UNION Formed as a trade union amongst Cape Town workers Played the following roles: organizing protests against governments policies By end of 1920 it began to decline During the period the ICU had support but the early ANC did not 1923: the early ANC was officially made the African National Congress
- 13. 1930s ANC workedwith other organizations to protest against the segregation laws without success again People became frustrated meaning they were tired of olden ways of protesting
- 14. Early 1940s TheSecond World War (1939-1945) had a significant impact on the development of African Nationalism in South Africa Alfred Xuma became the president of ANC in 1940 Wanted the following: cooperation with Coloured and Indian leaders to fight against discrimination 1943: The African Claims in South Africa was drew by Xuma It called for the following : votes for adults fair land distribution end of discrimination in the workplaces
- 15. . 1943: youngmembers of the ANC formed the CONGRESS YOUTH LEAGUE The first president was Anton Lembede Supported by members such as Nelson Mandela, Walter Sisulu and Oliver Tambo
- 16. LATE 1940s Afterthe Second World War: more determined form Nationalism emerged within the ANC The NATIONAL PARTY came to power in 1948 The youth members of the ANC were determined to turn it into a mass supported organization 1949: ANC adopted the PROGRAMME OF ACTION proposed by the youth members of the ANC Accepted the following: boycotts strikes stay-at-home
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