National Programme for Prevention and Control of Deafness (NPPCD) Introduction Programme Execution & Expansion Objectives of the Programme Components of the Programme Strategies Expected Benefits of the Programme

1. National Programme for Prevention and Control of Deafness
(NPPCD)
Presented by:
Aditya Sharma
M.S. (Pharm)
Pharmaceutical
Analysis
NIPER Guwahati

2. CONTENTS
• Introduction
• Causes of Hearing Loss
• Programme Execution & Expansion
• Objectives of the Programme
• Components of the Programme
• Strategies
• Expected Benefits of the Programme

3. Introduction
• Hearing loss is the most common sensory deficit in humans today. World
over, it is the second leading cause for ‘Years lived with Disability
(YLD)’ the first being depression.
• There are large number of hearing impaired young people in India which
amounts to a severe loss of productivity, both physical and economic.
• An even larger percentage of our population suffers from milder degrees
of hearing loss and unilateral (one sided) hearing loss against the above
background, The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India
launched the pilot phase of National Program for Prevention and Control
of Deafness (from 2006 to 2008) in 10 States and 1 Union Territory in an
effort to tackle the high incidence of deafness in the country, in view of
the preventable nature of this disability.

4. Deafness is defined as a degree of loss such that a person is
unable to understand speech, even in the presence of
amplification.
Types of Deafness
1. Conductive deafness: Due to defect in the conducting mechanism
of the ear namely external and middle ear.
2. Sensori-neural deafness / Perceptive deafness: Due to lesions in
the labyrinth, 8th nerve & central connections. It includes
psychogenic deafness.
3. Mixed deafness: Both the above-mentioned types are present.

5. CAUSES OF HEARING LOSS
• Aging process
• Occupational hazards (those who are working in noisy areas)
• Wax in the ear
• Chronic ear infection
• Diseases of tympanum
• A hole in tympanic membrane
• Growths and masses in the ear & bones and cancer like
diseases

6. Programme Execution & Expansion
• The Programme was a 100% Centrally Sponsored Scheme during
11th Five Year Plan. However, in as per the 12th Five Year Plan, the
Centre and the States will have to pool in resources financial
norms of NRHM mutas mutandis.
• The Programme was initiated in year 2007 on pilot mode in 25
districts of 11 State/UTs. The Programme has been expanded to
192 districts of 20 States/UTs. In the 12th Plan, it is proposed to
expand the Programme to additional 200 districts in a phased
manner probably covering all the States and Union territories by
March, 2017.

7. Objectives of the Programme
1. To prevent the avoidable hearing loss on account of disease or
injury.
2. Early identification, diagnosis and treatment of ear problems
responsible for hearing loss and deafness.
3. To medically rehabilitate persons of all age groups, suffering
with deafness.
4. To strengthen the existing inter-sectoral linkages for continuity
of the rehabilitation Program, for persons with deafness.
5. To develop institutional capacity for ear care services by
providing support for equipment and material and training
personnel.

8. Components of the Programme
1. Manpower training and development– For prevention, early
identification and management of hearing impaired and deafness cases,
training would be provided from medical college level specialists (ENT
and Audiology) to grass root level workers.
2. Capacity building – For the district hospital, community health centres
and primary health centre in respect of ENT/ Audiology infrastructure.
3. Service provision – Early detection and management of hearing and
speech impaired cases and rehabilitation, at different levels of health
care delivery system.
4. Awareness generation through IEC/BCC activities – For early
identification of hearing impaired, especially children so that timely
management of such cases is possible and to remove the stigma attached
to deafness.

9. Strategies
1. To strengthen the service delivery for ear care.
2. To develop human resource for ear care services.
3. To develop institutional capacity of the district hospitals,
community health centres and primary health centres
selected under the Programme.

10. Expected Benefits of the Programme
1. Availability of various services like prevention, early identification,
treatment, referral, rehabilitation etc. for hearing impairment and
deafness as the primary health centre / community health centres /
district hospitals largely cater to their need.
2. Decrease in the magnitude of hearing impaired persons.
3. Decrease in the severity/ extent of ear morbidity or hearing
impairment.
4. Improved service network/referral system for the persons with ear
morbidity/hearing impairment.
5. Awareness creation among the health workers/grass
root level workers through the primary health centre medical officers
and district health officers, which will percolate to the lower level
health workers functioning within the community.
6. Capacity building at the district hospitals to ensure better care.