Narrative framing devices in Frankenstein
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A straightforward but eye-opening explanation of the 'nested narrative' convention. Good for A04 understanding.
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Introduction to mary shelley’s frankenstein
This document provides historical context for Mary Shelley's Frankenstein by discussing several key events that shaped her consciousness, including the Scientific Revolution which challenged religious doctrine, the Enlightenment idea that science could transform society, Rousseau's philosophy of living in accordance with nature, and the French Revolution's reaction against oppression. These intellectual movements established ideas of spontaneity and freedom over obedience, science over religion, and nature as something to worship that informed Shelley's creation of Frankenstein and its themes.
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The summary of the document is:
1) The document discusses Edgar Allan Poe's life from his birth in 1809 to his mysterious death in 1849. It details his early life with his parents who were traveling actors, being adopted by the Allans, attending university, and struggling with debts and alcohol.
2) It also mentions he published poetry and stories throughout his life but never achieved financial stability. He lost many family members including his mother, wife, and brother to tuberculosis.
3) On his death, Poe was found delirious in Baltimore and died days later in the hospital on October 7, 1849 at the age of 40, though the cause of his death remains unknown.
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The poem describes a woman's clothing which appears disordered but is found charming, with lace and ribbons flowing confusedly, a careless shoestring, and other imperfect details. The narrator notes that this "sweet disorder" is more bewitching than when art is too precise. He suggests imperfections have their own appeal over strict perfection.
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The rape of the lock
The document summarizes Alexander Pope's poem "The Rape of the Lock". It describes Pope's life and works before discussing the structure and themes of "The Rape of the Lock". Specifically, it notes that the poem is a mock epic that treats a trivial card game dispute between two families in a dignified and exaggerated style, similar to real epic poems. It also outlines some of the main characters and events in the poem, such as Belinda's sleeping and preparation, the card game where the lock is cut, and the resulting dispute between the families.
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This document provides historical context for Mary Shelley's Frankenstein by discussing several key events that shaped her consciousness, including the Scientific Revolution which challenged religious doctrine, the Enlightenment idea that science could transform society, Rousseau's philosophy of living in accordance with nature, and the French Revolution's reaction against oppression. These intellectual movements established ideas of spontaneity and freedom over obedience, science over religion, and nature as something to worship that informed Shelley's creation of Frankenstein and its themes.
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The summary of the document is:
1) The document discusses Edgar Allan Poe's life from his birth in 1809 to his mysterious death in 1849. It details his early life with his parents who were traveling actors, being adopted by the Allans, attending university, and struggling with debts and alcohol.
2) It also mentions he published poetry and stories throughout his life but never achieved financial stability. He lost many family members including his mother, wife, and brother to tuberculosis.
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Toulmin Model
The Toulmin Model of Argument is a method for analyzing arguments that breaks them down into six key parts: claim, grounds, warrant, backing, reservations/rebuttal, and qualifier. The model was developed by Stephen Toulmin to help understand how constructed arguments are and how each part relates to the overall validity. It examines the claim being made, the evidence or grounds given for the claim, the warrant connecting the grounds to the claim, any backing for the warrant, potential exceptions or rebuttals, and qualifiers regarding the strength of the claim. The overall goal of the Toulmin Model is to effectively analyze the how and why of an argument by dividing it into its constituent logical elements.
Blake 2
William Blake (1757-1827) was an English poet, painter, and printmaker. He was born in London to a poor family and became an engraver. Blake had visions and a strong sense of religion. He was a political radical who supported the French Revolution. As an artist, Blake pioneered a technique called illuminated printing that combined images and text. He is renowned for his collections of poems Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience which contrast childhood innocence with the evils of the world.
Delight in Disorder Analysis
The poem describes a woman's clothing which appears disordered but is found charming, with lace and ribbons flowing confusedly, a careless shoestring, and other imperfect details. The narrator notes that this "sweet disorder" is more bewitching than when art is too precise. He suggests imperfections have their own appeal over strict perfection.
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Medieval poetry originated in the Patristic Latin period from the 3rd to 6th centuries where Christian poetry began, inspired by St. Ambrose. From the 7th to 10th centuries, monastic poetry lacked originality. The 11th and 12th century Revival brought secular poetry, epics, and tales in verse. The 12th-13th century Scholastic period saw flourishing religious poems alongside mystical poetry due to increased education and church control. Major styles included epic tales of heroes, and Latin poetry survived through invasions. The 11th-12th centuries popularized various poetic forms for entertainment.
The rape of the lock
The document summarizes Alexander Pope's poem "The Rape of the Lock". It describes Pope's life and works before discussing the structure and themes of "The Rape of the Lock". Specifically, it notes that the poem is a mock epic that treats a trivial card game dispute between two families in a dignified and exaggerated style, similar to real epic poems. It also outlines some of the main characters and events in the poem, such as Belinda's sleeping and preparation, the card game where the lock is cut, and the resulting dispute between the families.
The Nymph’s Reply to the Shepherd
The poem discusses the fleeting nature of beauty and love found in nature. The nymph rejects the shepherd's love and gifts because she recognizes that the pleasures of the natural world are temporary. Spring and youth do not last, as shown by imagery of fading flowers, withering fields yielding to winter, and decaying gowns and garments. While love and delight in nature might move her now, their beauty will not endure. If youth and love could last forever without growing old or needing fulfillment, then she might feel differently.
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Old English literature from 500-1100 AD was shaped by the mixing of Germanic tribes with the native Britons after the Romans left, and later by the invasions of Vikings and acceptance of Christianity. The literature consisted of poetry, prose, and drama. Poetry included heroic epics like Beowulf as well as elegies lamenting loss. Prose included translations by King Alfred and religious writings. Drama originated from enacting Bible stories in churches and was influenced by folk plays and Greek/Latin traditions.
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2. The periods covered include medieval courtly love, medieval fabliaux, Italian humanism, Renaissance sonnets, metaphysical poetry, Augustan poetry, Romanticism, Victorian poetry, modernism, and postwar poetry.
3. For each period, influential writers are named and characteristics of the literature such as themes, forms, and stylistic techniques are summarized concisely.
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The document summarizes Alexander Pope's mock epic poem "The Rape of the Lock". It begins by explaining what a mock epic is and how Pope used this form to satirize a trivial incident involving a cut lock of hair. The summary then outlines some of the key events in the poem, including the baron cutting two locks from Belinda's head, the gathering of nymphs and heroes at Hampton Court, and the climactic cutting of the lock by the baron that sparks the feud.
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Romanticism
This document provides an overview of Romanticism between 1760-1850. Some key points:
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- Major influences included the French and American revolutions which challenged authority. The Industrial Revolution also transformed society.
- Romantic poets like Blake, Wordsworth, and Coleridge celebrated nature and the imagination over reason. Their works explored themes of social injustice, the role of the individual, and humanity's connection to nature.
- Common formats included the lyric, ballad, and poems that incorporated exotic settings and medieval influences to capture mystery and the sublime in nature.
Emperor of ice cream
Wallace Stevens was an American modernist poet born in 1879. He worked as an insurance executive but was also known for his drinking and brawling. One incident involved getting in a fist fight with Ernest Hemingway at a party. Stevens' poem "The Emperor of Ice Cream" can be analyzed through a psychoanalytic lens by viewing it as representations of Freud's id, ego, and super-ego. The id represents desire for ice cream, the super-ego represents societal expectations, and the ego mediates between immediate gratification and long-term consequences.
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I am Faisal Niazi I am going to upload my Presentation on topic Feminism. I want to share it with you, and i hope it would be helpful for you in preparing assignments or presentaations.
thanx
If you have any problem than you can also contact with me by email faisalzadeykhel@gmail.com
Paradise lost
John Milton's 17th century epic poem Paradise Lost is considered an epic work according to the characteristics defined by Aristotle. As a blind Puritan poet, Milton retells the biblical stories of the fall of man and Satan's rebellion against God using supernatural elements. The poem features a variety of characters including God, Christ, the angels Raphael and Michael, the devil Satan, and the first humans Adam and Eve. Through its exploration of humanity's disobedience and redemption, the poem addresses profound themes in a style that combines grandeur and sublimity.
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This document discusses the satire in Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels. It defines satire as ridiculing vices and shortcomings to encourage improvement. It analyzes how the first voyage to Lilliput satirizes English politics through the tiny Lilliputians. Specific chapters are discussed, such as Gulliver being bound by the Lilliputians and political disputes over heel height being portrayed as ridiculous. The document concludes that while seeming childish on the surface, the novel contains deep satire on humankind through depicting absurd societies and political circumstances.
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2) It tells the story of the Prince Oroonoko of Coramantien who falls in love with Imoinda, but they are separated when Imoinda is sold into slavery.
3) Oroonoko is also tricked onto a slave ship and taken to Suriname, where he and Imoinda are reunited but their hopes of freedom are dashed, leading to a failed revolt and both their deaths.
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The Sun Rising
The document summarizes John Donne's poem "The Sun Rising". It discusses Donne's life, his status as a metaphysical poet, and provides an overview of the poem. The poem is divided into three stanzas where the speaker chides the sun for interrupting his time with his lover. He asserts that love is not bound by time or other worldly constraints. In the end, the speaker invites the sun to join in the lovers' private world within the bedroom. The document analyzes the poem's themes of love surpassing time and the portrayal of the beloved.
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Narrative framing devices in Frankenstein
- 2. FRANKENSTEIN Frankenstein opens with letters from an explorer, Robert Walton, to his sister. The Explorer is stuck on his ship in the ice of the North Pole.
- 3. LAYERS OF STORIES IN FRANKENSTEIN Robert Walton’s NarrativeVictor’s Story Creature’s Story
- 4. FRAME NARRATIVE A fusion of two respected 18th century genres epistolary novel, a traditionally feminine genre explorer’s journal, a traditionally masculine genre and an archetypal enlightenment genre
- 5. FRAME NARRATIVE Functions: provide a frame of verisimilitude to an improbable tale It SEEMS more true It is VERY familiar and conventional: it was told… Ancient Mariner Ozymandias
- 6. EPISTOLARY NOVEL A Novel written as a series of documents Letters Diary entries Newspaper clippings Blogs Emails
- 7. EPISTOLARY NOVEL CONVENTIONS Reveal inner life: individual psychological struggles Growth to knowledge and virtue
- 8. IDEOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS Reassure readers of the capacity of individual to combat the temptations of evil and grow towards virtue
- 9. FRANKENSTEIN SUBVERTS THE EPISTOLARY NOVEL Male narrator No growth: fails to resists temptations; learns nothing
- 10. EXPLORER’S JOURNAL CONVENTIONS Protagonist : heroic scientist-explorer Quest structure – pursuit and achievement of a goal (c.f. the hero’s journey) Encounters with strange lands, creatures and beings Increased understanding of the world and humanity
- 11. EXPLORER’S JOURNAL Ideological functions celebrate the quest for knowledge and the power of reason celebrate human achievement - illustrate man’s increasing mastery of his world (archetypal embodiment of enlightenment ideologies)
- 12. Frankenstein subverts the conventions and ideologies of the Explorer’s Journal genre • Heroic protagonist exposed as flawed: narcissistic etc • Quest ends in failure – reveals human limitations, rather than celebrating achievements • Protagonist learns nothing from experiences and encounters NB: Gulliver’s Travels
- 13. Further subverts the Explorer’s Journal by embedding within it a disreputable genre – a gothic tale. Foregrounds the importance of the Explorer’s Journal genre’s neglect of the: irrational inexplicable supernatural
- 14. VICTOR FRANKENSTEIN’S GOTHIC TALE Gothic conventions Emphasis on the irrational and fantastic Emphasis on emotion rather than reason Challenge to enlightenment values
- 15. Setting: relics of past corrupt society or wilds of nature Protagonist: innocent, often virginal, victim Villain: supernatural figure or authoritarian patriarchal figure representative of past, corrupt regime Narrative structure: triumph over the monstrous
- 16. IDEOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS Acknowledge the existence of the monstrous Reassure readers that the monstrous can be defeated or controlled
- 17. FRANKENSTEIN SUBVERTS THESE CONVENTIONS AND IDEOLOGIES Setting: locates monstrosity in everyday world: bourgeois domestic sphere Protagonist: is victim and villain/monster Ironically, victim of own villainy
- 18. The monstrous a product of human action: external diabolical agency replaced by internal human agency The evil patriarch is an archetypal enlightenment bourgeois figure Villain is victim and hero
- 19. Blurs boundaries between victim, villain and hero and human/non-human The monstrous not defeated or controlled