The document discusses the Lean Startup method of building a minimum viable product (MVP) to validate ideas with customers using the least amount of effort. It provides examples of different types of MVPs like landing pages, basic webpages, crowd funding, mockups, and videos that companies have used to test hypotheses and gather customer feedback with minimal resources. The goal of an MVP is to begin the learning process as quickly as possible to determine if a product idea is valid before extensive development.