Multifunctional Surfactants - Essential ingredients for efficient cleaning products

Multifunctional Surfactants
Essential ingredients for efficient cleaning products
Sorel Muresan, Jinnan Liu
R&D Cleaning applications

Q&A
Summary
Applications and performance data
Multifunctional Surfactants
AkzoNobel at a glance
Outlook
Surface Chemistry | CCIA 2016 2

Company presentation 2016 3
The world of AkzoNobel*
€14.9 billion revenue
€2.1billion EBITDA
€1.6billion operating income
€3.95earnings per share
80+ countries
45,600 employees
Revenue by end-user segment
Buildings and Infrastructure 43%
Transportation 17%
Consumer Goods 18%
Industrial 22%
Revenue by Business Area
Decorative Paints 27%
Performance Coatings 40%
Specialty Chemicals 33%
North America
17%
Mature Europe
36%
Asia Pacific
27%
Other countries
3%
Emerging Europe
7%
Latin America
10%
Key regions by revenue
* All figures are based on year-end 2015

4Company presentation 2016
Our sustainability strategy
20%
of revenue by 2020 from products
that are more sustainable for
our customers than those of our
competitors
25-30%
more efficient resource and energy
use across the entire value chain by
2020 (measured by cradle-to-grave
carbon footprint reduction)
>4 out of 5
Employee engagement score,
as measured by Gallup Q12
Sustainable
business
Resource
efficiency
Capable, engaged
people

Sustainable innovation
4,000AkzoNobel scientists work closely with customers around the world
to develop sustainable solutions for the challenges people face every day
.
€346 million
is the amount we invested in research and development in 2015
20%of our innovations will provide distinct sustainability benefits for our
customers and their value chains, according to targets we have set

Expanding our expertise
We recently opened a new technology center in Shanghai:
The company's largest research
facility in China
Supports product innovation and development of next
generation paints, coatings and specialty chemicals
Currently employs
150 scientists
Will help to drive our innovation agenda as we continue
to build a resilient portfolio of more sustainable products
The €6.5 million center is
located in Songjiang

Essential
color
Essential
ingredients
Essential
protection
WE CREATE
EVERYDAY
ESSENTIALS TO
MAKE PEOPLE’S
LIVES MORE
LIVEABLE AND
INSPIRING

Water based cleaning products are continuously
evolving driven by several factors
increased performance and safety demands from
consumers
challenging regulatory requirements
cost
Multifunctional surfactants bring additional value to
cleaning products
high performance at low concentration
foam control, tolerance to alkali and electrolytes,
thickening
minimal impact on the environment and low human
and aquatic toxicity
Multifunctional surfactants

Narrow range fatty alcohol ethoxylates
Hydrotropic cosurfactants
Cationic thickeners
Multifunctional surfactants

Basic formulation structure and
functions
To formulate an effective water based degreaser containing nonionic
surfactants, chelating agents and other electrolytes, a hydrotrope is
often required.
Product Chemistry ANSC products Functionality
Primary surfactant Fatty alcohol ethoxylates Berol 260/266
Ethylan 1003/1005
Degreasing
Wetting
Low foaming
Cosurfactants
(hydrotropes)
Cationic surfactants
Amide ethoxylates
Fatty alcohol ethoxylates
Amphoterics
Berol R648 NG
Berol SurfBoost AD15
AG 6206
Ampholak YJH-40
Solubilization
Degreasing booster
Alkali tolerance
Foam control
Chelating agent GLDA
MGDA
Dissolvine GL-47-S
Dissolvine M-40
Water hardness control
Soil release
Water Solvent

What are you looking for in an
alcohol ethoxylate?
Highly targeted performance
Effective at very low concentrations
Low residual free alcohol
Better low temperature handling
Low foam profile
Wide range of applications

What is a narrow range
ethoxylate?
A narrow range ethoxylate has an EO distribution curve that is narrower than
the equivalent standard alcohol ethoxylate with a considerably lower content of
unreacted alcohol and lower foam than standard ethoxylates

Narrow range alcohol
ethoxylates
For a narrow range alcohol ethoxylate with 4-5 EO:
Most of the product is centered at the exact EO
level required for effective cleaning.
Very little unreacted alcohol thus almost no
“greasy” soil in the product.
Low levels of higher ethoxylates mean lower
foaming and less need for defoamers.

Key features of NRE
Berol 260
Excellent fatty soil removal in water based cleaning products
especially when it is combined with performance boosting co-
surfactants
Berol 266
Two cloud points in water, effective cleaning at high and low
temperature
Cleaning products often contain two Narrow range ethoxylates
with different cloud points, Berol 266 can often replace both
cost effectively
Berol 840
Low foaming nonionic surfactant with defoaming properties on
protein foam
Ethylan 1003
Excellent emulsifying and wetting properties
Hydrophobic surfactant for cold degreasing
Low foaming surfactant with defoaming properties
Very good aquatic toxicity
Ethylan 1005
Excellent wetting and fatty soil removal in water based
cleaning products
Low foaming nonionic
Very good aquatic toxicity

Where to use NRE
Household cleaning – floor, kitchen,
bathroom
Institutional cleaning – hospitality,
health care, restaurants
Industrial cleaning – metal
degreasing, engine oil, car wash
Water-based multi-purpose hard
surface cleaning

Hydrotropes
Compounds that increase the solubility of a surfactant in a formulation
Referred to as “multifunctional hydrotropes” or “cosurfactants” when they
provide additional value to formulations in synergy with the primary surfactant
Temperature-induced clouding of
an aqueous solution containing
an alcohol alkoxylate
Reversed by addition of
a hydrotrope

Classes of cosurfactants
Cationic (Quat)
Berol R648 NG
Nonionics (Amide ethoxylate)
Amphoterics
Ampholak YJH-40
Ampholak XCE
Ampholak YCE
Nonionics (Glucosides)
AG 6202
AG 6206
AG 6210

Hydrotropic power
cosurfactants vs KNaCS
Base formulation for cosurfactant hydrotropic efficacy test:
5% Berol 260 + 8% Dissolvine GL-47-S + X% hydrotrope

Berol R648 NG
cleaning performance
5% Berol 260
X% Hydrotrope cp >70°C
8% Dissolvine GL-47-S
Balance water
Tested at dilution 1:80
Non-mechanical cleaning
Coated metalic plates
Diesel engine soil
Berol R648 NG Amphoteric Amidoquat KNaCS

Cleaning tests – I&I
formulations
Formulation 1
Formulation 2
Formulation 3
Formulation 4
Formulation 1
5.0% Berol 260
6.5% SCS (40%)
5.0% Dissolvine GL-47-S
1.0% Alcoguard 4160
Balance water
Formulation 2
5.0% Berol 260
4.5% Berol R648 NG
1.0% Alcoguard 4160
Balance water
Formulation 3
5.0% Berol 260
4.5% Berol R648 NG
1.0% Alcoguard 4160
3.0% PnP
Balance water
Formulation 4
4.0% Berol 260
0.5% Ethylan 1005
4.0% Berol R648 NG
1.0% Alcoguard 4160
Balance water
Mechanical cleaning
IKW tests using the Sheen scrubber
The unique chemistry of Berol R648 NG enables superior
cleaning performance at low concentrations

Thickening
Thickening is the increase of viscosity of a
liquid solution
Used for Cleaning products:
to increase contact time on inclined and
vertical surface
for easier dosage
for easier application to the surface
for increased safety

In concentrated solutions, have a tendency to form rod micelles resulting in a very
high viscosity.
Viscosity increase is due to chaotic worm like arrangement of molecules in
solution. The longer the chain length of the hydrophobe, the higher the viscosity.
The use of desolubilizer reduces the amount of cationic required.

In addition to being very stable across the whole pH range, cationic
surfactant thickeners can also contribute to cleaning, foaming,
solubilisation and stability of the formula.

Thickening agents and
applications
Thickening agents Applications
Ethomeen C/12 Acidic cleaners
Ethomeen O/12, O/12LC Acidic cleaners
Ethomeen T/12, T/12LC Acidic cleaners
Ethomeen HT/12 Acidic cleaners
Ethomeen V18/12 Acidic cleaners
Arquad 16-29 Hydrogen peroxide and acidic cleaners
Arquad T-50 Acidic and alkaline cleaners
Aromox T/12 Acidic, high alkaline and neutral cleaners
Aromox 14D-W970 High alkaline and hypochlorite cleaners

Toilet bowl cleaner
700 cPs viscosity* and good clinging effect
Ethomeen T/12 1.35 %
Arquad T-50 1.8 %
HCl 9.5 %
Water balance
Ethomeen T/12 + Arquad T-50
ü efficient thickening system at low and high HCl
concentration
ü desired viscosity can be obtained by optimizing the ratio
and the concentration of the blend
ü shear thinning formulations
*viscosity cps, Brookfield DV-1, Spindle 2, RPM 30, RT

Bleaching cleaners
Formulation A
NaOCl 15 % 70 %
NaOH 100 % 0.5 %
Aromox 14D-W970 4 %
Na2CO3 4 %
Water balance
Viscosity* 450
Sodium hypochlorite
Aromox 14D-W970
* viscosity cps Brookfield DV-1, Spindle 34, RPM 50
Formulation B
Hydrogen peroxide 30 % 16.7 %
Sulfamic acid 3 %
Arquad 16-29 5 %
Berol 175 0.1 %
SXS 1.5 %
Water Balance
Viscosity* 300
Hydrogen peroxide
Arquad 16-29

27Surface Chemistry | CCIA 2016
Summary

So if you are looking for an
alcohol ethoxylate that
Has highly targeted performance
Is effective at very low concentrations
Has low residual free alcohol
Handles better at low temperature
Has low foam profile
Can be used in a wide range of applications
Narrow range ethoxylates - highly targeted performance
for more effective cleaning

Choosing the right cosurfactant
for your application
Multifunctional hydrotropes are cosurfactants that bring additional value to
formulations in synergy with the primary surfactant.
AG 6202
AG 6206
Ampholak YJH-40
AG 6206
Oil/Fat/Pigment
Low foam
Not classified
High conc.
formulations
Hard surfaces
Pigment/Dust
Heavy duty
(booster cleaning)
Foam boosters
Type of soil
Berol R648 NG
Berol R648 PO
Berol R648 NG
Berol R648 PO
AG 6206
Ampholak YJH-40
AG 6206
Ampholak YJH-40
Ampholak YCE
Ampholak XCE

Cationic thickeners
Moderate to extreme thickening
Can be used at all pH’s
Stable in chlorine and hydrogen peroxide bleach
Fragrance solubilization
Cleaning and foaming
Support disinfection
Corrosion inhibition

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Multifunctional Surfactants - Essential ingredients for efficient cleaning products

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