Multidisciplinarity
in cancer care


     Paolo G. Casali
     paolo.casali@istitutotumori.mi.it
Multidisciplinary cancer teams
Algorythms


         clinical state




                          y
             decision         action


              n


              action
complexity

              atypical cases




uncertainty

                pt preferences
R   p<0.05
R   p<0.05
Decision analysis


                  outcome
                            utility

        action


                  outcome


         action
outcome          U
EU = (P1*U1)+(P2*U2)                       1
                                 utility = U1
                        P1
              action


                       outcome          U  1
                                 utility = U2
                        P2
              action
                                 utility = U3


EU = (1*U3)
“Strategic” clinical decision
surgery




radiation & chemo
surgery




radiation & chemo
Tumor boards
Organization


          TUM   TUM   TUM


   Surg

   Med

    RT
Organization


          TUM   TUM   TUM


   Surg

   Med

    RT
Decision rule
Psycho-oncologists
The good clinical decision…




  …is a patient-physician shared decision!
The reference physician
Extra medical time!
Frequent solid cancers
                        inc.
                     /100,000/y

     GI                  110
     Urological           84
     Breast               64
     Lung                 56
     Gynecological        28
Rare solid cancers
                         inc.
                      /100,000/y

     Head & neck         16
     Melanoma            14
     Sarcoma             6
     CNS                 6
     Endocrine           4
     Neuroendocrine      3
     Thoracic rare       2
Rare solid cancers
                              inc.
                           /100,000/y

     Head & neck              10
     Rare GI                  6
     Sarcoma                  6
     CNS                      6
     Endocrine                4
     Neuroendocrine           3
     Rare male genital        3
     Rare female genital      2
     Rare urological          2
     Rare thoracic            2
     Skin rare                1
From the reference center...
…to the Reference network
Rare cancers…




     childhood
Rare cancers…




                 hematological
     childhood
Rare cancers…




                           adult solid tumors
                 hematological
     childhood
Rare Tumours in Europe
CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS
6 November 2008 - Brussels
www.rarecancers.eu
BZ
                                            Sondalo
                                                                               BL
                                        S                                             Aviano
                    V                   O             TN                                         U
   A                B           L Alzano                             As                          D       G
   O                     V C C Lombardo
              Biel                                                   olo                                 O
                         A O                                                                                 T
              la             Des      B
                    N                        B                                 T                             S
                             io       G           Neg           VI
                    O                        S                                 V
                 V                  Trevig        rar
                            M                                         P
  Orbassa Ivr C             I       lio                V
  no       ea                    LO Casalpuster        R              D
                                    lengo C
Candiolo T        A        PV                   M
         O                                 R    N
                  L                PC
           Al
           b                                          Car       F
                                            P         pi        E
           a                                R   R
       C                                        E M
       N                   G                      O
                           E                                B              R
                                                            O              A

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                                                                          ì                P
                                                    P
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                                               U EmpolFI                                             A
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                                                       G                                              T     (v.Vibrat
                                                                          Pieve                       E Pen a)
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                                                                                                 Q
                                                                                                                 Lancia
                                                                                                                 no

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                                                                                 MA                                                    S.G. Rotondo
                                                                                                                              C
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                                                                                                                       IS
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                                Olbi                                                                                      N                            Altam      B
                                a                                                                                  N                         Rioner    ura        A
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                S                                                                                                             a Inf.         in                Castellan
                S                                                                                                                            Vulture
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                    CA                                                                                                                                 C
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                                                                                                                                                    Trop
                                                                                                                                                    ea



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surgery


                         radiation

chemotherapy
“logical” patient




     “virtual” patient




         “real” patient
Who is moving in a network?
virtual sharing!

pathologic diagnosis
multidisciplinary strategic decision


surgery
hi-tech resources

                    rationalization!
Distant patient sharing
Teleconsulting…




           McAleer JJA et al.
           Broadcast quality teleconferencing for oncology.
           The Oncologist 2001; 6: 459
GIST             Synovial Sarcoma




Leiomyosarcoma   Cellular Schwannoma
Extra medical time!
100
 80
 60
40
20
 0
      12   24   36   48   mos
Cost shift




             health
             system
REGIONE
                  LOMBARDIA




FARMACIE
PHARMACIES                         ENTI EROGATORI
                                   HOSPITALS




                 CITTADINI
                 CITIZENS



GENERAL                           AZIENDE HEALTH
                                    LOCAL
MMG/PLS
PRACTITIONERS                     SANITARIE LOCALI
                                    CARE UNITS




                HEALTH & SOCIAL
                 ASSI
                ASSISTANCE
<x>
       name = “value”




Patient discharge report
Outpatient clinic visit report
Patient discharge report
Outpatient clinic visit report
Patient cancer history
Patient non-cancer history
Treatment program in the
current phase of disease
Treatment done
Patient state
“ROL-doc”




                                <x>
                                name = “value”




            Patient cancer history
            Patient non-cancer history
            Treatment program in the
            current phase of disease
            Treatment done
            Patient state
Patient cancer history
Patient non-cancer history
Treatment program in the
current phase of disease
Treatment done
Patient state
Disease “phase”



diseases




tumors
Disease “phase”




        localized   metastasis              terminal
         disease     (1st CT)    (2nd   CT) disease
Disease phases




        localized   metastasis                 terminal
         disease     (CT 1st l)   (CT 2nd   l) disease
Disease phases


                    clinical practice
                       guidelines




        localized   metastasis                 terminal
         disease     (CT 1st l)   (CT 2nd   l) disease
Clinical practice guidelines




                        Sarcoma t.
                        molli tipico
                          adulto
                           G2-3




                        Stadiazione




                         Metastasi     Sì   M. avanzata

                                                                                  No                          RT
                                                                                          No
                             No
                                                                                        Accetta
                                              Exeresi           >5 cm        Sì                        Sì   CT + RT
                                                                                          CT
                         Exeresi       Sì     ampia
                         > ampia
                         conserv.
                         fattibile     Sì                                               Accetta
                                            Resezione
                                                                >5 cm        Sì                        Sì     CT
                                             radicale                                     CT
                             No



                          Exeresi                         Sì
                         marginale                                                                No
                          fattibile
                                                                                   No
                            No

                                              Rifiuto
                        Demolizio
                                       Sì    demolizio    No   Demolizione
                        ne fattibile
                                                ne


                            No



                        M. locoreg.
                                               Sì
                        inoperabile
                                                                                                            Follow-up
                                                                                                            G2-3 NED
Virtual tissue banking
Data protection regulations!
The medical semantics!
In brief...
   Multidisciplinarity is imposed by the multimodal
   approach to most solid cancers
   Multidisciplinarity implies an integrated cooperation of
   specialists, not just their involvement one by one
   It is a challenge for cancer centers and physicians
   It will be more and more played within collaborative
   networks
   Rare cancers are a priority for national and cross-
   nation networking
   But networking is spreading to manage cancer care in
   general also at a regional level
   In the end, multidisciplinarity within a hospital, or a
   comprehensive cancer center, or a network, or a
   health system, needs money, which will pay off,
   certainly in the society perspective
paolo.casali@istitutotumori.mi.it

Multidisciplinary care: a perspective from diagnosis and treatment of rare cancers