The document discusses various topics related to software development, including:
- Different roles in IT such as software engineers, QA engineers, and project managers.
- Phases of a software development life cycle including requirements gathering, analysis, design, coding, testing, deployment, and maintenance.
- Key activities in each phase such as creating use cases and test cases in requirements, conducting feasibility studies in analysis, and developing algorithms and pseudo code in design.
The document discusses the software development process and defines key terms. It states that a software process organizes development activities and includes roles, workflows, procedures and standards. Following a defined process makes software development more orderly, predictable and repeatable. However, some view following a process as unnecessary overhead. The reality is that not following a process can lead to more rework that outweighs any initial time savings. The document also discusses software life cycle models, such as waterfall and iterative models, and how a good process is repeatable, predictable, adaptable, learnable and measurable.
The document discusses various software engineering methodologies including the waterfall model, iterative model, Rational Unified Process (RUP), and agile methodologies like extreme programming (XP) and Scrum. It provides detailed descriptions of each methodology's phases and workflows. The waterfall model divides the life cycle into sequential phases while iterative models allow revisiting previous phases. RUP includes inception, elaboration, construction, and transition phases. Agile prioritizes customer satisfaction, working software, and flexibility over documentation and processes.
The document discusses software process models and characteristics. It describes the waterfall model as one of the first process development models, consisting of linear sequential phases from requirements to deployment with no feedback. The V-model is presented as a variation that uses unit and integration testing to verify design and acceptance testing to validate requirements. Key advantages of the waterfall model include its structure and management control, while disadvantages are the upfront requirements and lack of iterations. Prototyping is also briefly mentioned.
This document discusses software engineering methodologies. It begins by defining software and software engineering. It then covers the software development life cycle including processes like requirements analysis, design, development, testing and maintenance. It describes various methodologies like waterfall, prototyping, iterative development and agile. Waterfall is a linear sequential model while agile focuses on rapid iteration, customer collaboration and responding to change. The document compares agile and plan-driven methods, noting their different suitability based on factors like project length, team experience and requirements stability.
The document outlines the phases of the software development life cycle (SDLC) including requirements and analysis, design, development, testing, deployment, and maintenance. Requirements and analysis involves creating a software requirements specification document. Design has high-level and low-level phases to design logical and detailed views. Development is the coding phase based on functional specifications. Testing verifies programs against requirements through unit, integration, and system testing. Deployment involves acceptance testing and moving to the customer's production environment. Maintenance supports regular upgrades after deployment.
The document discusses various software production process models, including traditional waterfall models, iterative models like the spiral model, and agile methodologies. Waterfall models involve sequential phases from requirements to maintenance but lack flexibility. Iterative models divide the process into increments with feedback between phases. Agile methods like Scrum, Extreme Programming, and Smart emphasize rapid, incremental delivery, automating processes, and customer involvement. The choice of model depends on factors like requirements volatility, team experience, and project priorities.
The document discusses several process models for software development projects, including code and fix, waterfall, incremental/iterative, spiral, rapid application development (RAD), and concurrent development models. Each model has advantages and disadvantages depending on factors like project size, requirements stability, and team expertise. Combinations of models may also be suitable in some cases.
The document discusses the software development process and defines key terms. It states that a software process organizes development activities and includes roles, workflows, procedures and standards. Following a defined process makes software development more orderly, predictable and repeatable. However, some view following a process as unnecessary overhead. The reality is that not following a process can lead to more rework that outweighs any initial time savings. The document also discusses software life cycle models, such as waterfall and iterative models, and how a good process is repeatable, predictable, adaptable, learnable and measurable.
The document discusses various software engineering methodologies including the waterfall model, iterative model, Rational Unified Process (RUP), and agile methodologies like extreme programming (XP) and Scrum. It provides detailed descriptions of each methodology's phases and workflows. The waterfall model divides the life cycle into sequential phases while iterative models allow revisiting previous phases. RUP includes inception, elaboration, construction, and transition phases. Agile prioritizes customer satisfaction, working software, and flexibility over documentation and processes.
The document discusses software process models and characteristics. It describes the waterfall model as one of the first process development models, consisting of linear sequential phases from requirements to deployment with no feedback. The V-model is presented as a variation that uses unit and integration testing to verify design and acceptance testing to validate requirements. Key advantages of the waterfall model include its structure and management control, while disadvantages are the upfront requirements and lack of iterations. Prototyping is also briefly mentioned.
This document discusses software engineering methodologies. It begins by defining software and software engineering. It then covers the software development life cycle including processes like requirements analysis, design, development, testing and maintenance. It describes various methodologies like waterfall, prototyping, iterative development and agile. Waterfall is a linear sequential model while agile focuses on rapid iteration, customer collaboration and responding to change. The document compares agile and plan-driven methods, noting their different suitability based on factors like project length, team experience and requirements stability.
The document outlines the phases of the software development life cycle (SDLC) including requirements and analysis, design, development, testing, deployment, and maintenance. Requirements and analysis involves creating a software requirements specification document. Design has high-level and low-level phases to design logical and detailed views. Development is the coding phase based on functional specifications. Testing verifies programs against requirements through unit, integration, and system testing. Deployment involves acceptance testing and moving to the customer's production environment. Maintenance supports regular upgrades after deployment.
The document discusses various software production process models, including traditional waterfall models, iterative models like the spiral model, and agile methodologies. Waterfall models involve sequential phases from requirements to maintenance but lack flexibility. Iterative models divide the process into increments with feedback between phases. Agile methods like Scrum, Extreme Programming, and Smart emphasize rapid, incremental delivery, automating processes, and customer involvement. The choice of model depends on factors like requirements volatility, team experience, and project priorities.
The document discusses several process models for software development projects, including code and fix, waterfall, incremental/iterative, spiral, rapid application development (RAD), and concurrent development models. Each model has advantages and disadvantages depending on factors like project size, requirements stability, and team expertise. Combinations of models may also be suitable in some cases.
This document discusses various process models for software engineering. It begins by defining what a process model is and explaining why they are useful. It then covers traditional sequential models like waterfall and V-model. Iterative and incremental models like prototyping and spiral modeling are described which allow for software to evolve through iterations. Other topics covered include concurrent modeling, component-based development, formal methods, aspects, unified process and personal software process. The document provides details on different process patterns, assessment methods and considerations for evolutionary processes.
SDLC is the acronym of Software Development Life Cycle. It is also called as Software development process. The software development life cycle (SDLC) is a framework defining tasks performed at each step in the software development process.
Software life cycle model: The descriptive and diagrammatic representation of the software life cycle
It represent all the activities performed on software product from the inception to retirement
It also depicts the order in which these activities are to be undertaken
More than one activity can be carried out in a single phase
The primary advantage of adhering to a life cycle model is that it encourages development of software in a systematic and disciplined manner
When a program is developed by a single programmer ,he has the freedom to decide the exact steps through which he will develop the program
Iterative Linear Sequential Model
The document discusses the software development life cycle (SDLC) and its various phases and models. It describes the six main phases of the SDLC as requirements gathering and analysis, design, implementation/coding, testing, deployment, and maintenance. It then explains different SDLC models including waterfall, V-shaped, prototype, spiral, iterative incremental, big bang, and agile. The conclusion states that the best model depends on factors like requirements clarity, complexity, size, cost and skills. The waterfall model is basic but other models are variations that allow for flexibility.
The document discusses several software development life cycle (SDLC) models including waterfall, rapid application development (RAD), incremental, spiral, and agile. The waterfall model is linear and sequential. RAD emphasizes user involvement and time-boxing. The incremental model delivers functionality in phases. The spiral model evaluates risks through prototyping. Agile methods emphasize rapid, iterative delivery through practices like extreme programming (XP).
The document discusses software engineering and the software development life cycle (SDLC). It defines key terms like system software, application software, and network-based software. It describes the characteristics of well-engineered software and lists the typical phases in the SDLC: analysis, design, coding, testing, implementation, maintenance, and re-engineering. The advantages of following the SDLC are also highlighted.
This document discusses various process models for software engineering:
- The waterfall model defines sequential phases of requirements, design, implementation, testing, and maintenance. It is inflexible to change.
- Iterative models allow repetition of phases to incrementally develop software. The incremental model delivers functionality in increments.
- Evolutionary models like prototyping and spiral development use iterative evaluation and refinement of prototypes to evolve requirements and manage risk.
- Other models include component-based development, formal methods, aspect-oriented development, and the Unified Process with iterative development of use cases. Personal and team software processes focus on self-directed teams, planning, metrics, and process improvement.
This document discusses different software development lifecycle models, including linear, iterative, agile, and prototyping models. It provides details on traditional waterfall, V-model, incremental/phased development, and iterative/agile approaches. The key strengths and problems of each model are outlined. The document concludes that there is no single model that fits all projects, and the most suitable model depends on factors like requirements stability, architecture, team size, and development objectives for the specific project.
The document provides an overview of the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) including its various stages and models. The key points are:
1. SDLC is a process that consists of planning, analysis, design, implementation, testing, deployment, and maintenance phases to develop and maintain software.
2. The stages include planning, requirements analysis, design, development, testing, deployment, and maintenance.
3. Common models include waterfall, iterative, spiral, V-model, and agile. Waterfall is the earliest and most basic sequential model while iterative and agile are more flexible to changing requirements.
The document discusses various aspects of the software process including software process models, generic process models like waterfall model and evolutionary development, process iteration, and system requirements specification. It provides details on each topic with definitions, characteristics, advantages and diagrams. The key steps in software process are specified as software specifications, design and implementation, validation, and evolution. Generic process models and specific models like waterfall, evolutionary development, and incremental delivery are explained.
The document discusses several software development life cycle (SDLC) models including Waterfall, V-Shaped, Prototyping, Rapid Application Development (RAD), Incremental, and Spiral models. For each model, it describes the key steps, strengths, weaknesses, and when each model is best applied. The models range from traditional sequential models like Waterfall to more iterative models like Prototyping and RAD.
The document discusses key concepts in software engineering. It defines software engineering as applying systematic and technical approaches to develop reliable and efficient computer software. It describes various software development models including waterfall, prototyping, RAD, spiral and evolutionary models. It also discusses software engineering layers, characteristics, applications, and process models. Finally, it covers concepts like fourth generation techniques, software project management, estimation techniques, and risk management.
The document discusses several software development life cycle (SDLC) models:
- Waterfall model involves sequential phases of requirements, design, implementation, testing and deployment with defined deliverables for each phase. It works well for stable requirements but lacks flexibility.
- V-shaped model emphasizes verification and validation testing in parallel with development phases. It focuses on planning testing in early phases.
- Prototyping model involves building prototypes to clarify requirements with user feedback before final development.
- RAD model focuses on rapid delivery through time-boxed iterations with customer involvement.
- Incremental model prioritizes and implements requirements in groups to provide early functionality.
- Spiral model combines prototyping, risk analysis
This presentation is about a lecture I gave within the "Software systems and services" immigration course at the Gran Sasso Science Institute, L'Aquila (Italy): http://cs.gssi.infn.it/.
http://www.ivanomalavolta.com
The document discusses various software life cycle models, including waterfall, V-model, incremental, prototype, spiral, RAD and 4GT. It provides descriptions of each model's phases, advantages and disadvantages. The waterfall and V-model are presented as classic sequential models. Incremental and spiral models iterate through phases to allow for flexibility. Prototype and RAD models emphasize early prototypes. Risk analysis is a key part of the spiral model.
The document describes the Waterfall Model of software development. It consists of sequential phases: requirements, design, implementation, testing, and deployment. While easy to understand, it has disadvantages like inability to change requirements later in the process and lack of early working software. The document also discusses improving the model by adding design phases, documentation, testing planning, and customer involvement.
This document discusses and compares different software lifecycle models: Waterfall, Prototype, Spiral, and Agile. The Waterfall model is sequential with clear phases but inflexible. The Prototype model allows for early feedback but suffers from poor documentation. The Spiral model combines design and prototyping. Finally, the Agile model is iterative and test-driven but may increase complexity.
The document discusses software development life cycles (SDLC). It describes the typical stages of an SDLC including feasibility study, requirements analysis, system design, development, testing, implementation, and maintenance. Several SDLC models are mentioned, including waterfall, spiral, iterative, prototyping, and RAD (rapid application development). The waterfall model is described as having distinct sequential stages with no overlap between phases. Prototyping and RAD methodologies are also explained in further detail.
Intro to Software Engineering - Life Cycle ModelsRadu_Negulescu
This document discusses various software life cycle models and their characteristics. It begins by defining a software life cycle and life cycle model. It then examines the build-and-fix, waterfall, V-model, prototyping, spiral model, incremental/iterative model, extreme programming, and formal methods life cycle models. Key factors in selecting a life cycle model are also discussed, such as application domain, schedule constraints, and risk tolerance. The document concludes by comparing agile and plan-driven methods and introducing the Capability Maturity Model for assessing the maturity of an organization's software development processes.
The document provides information about manual testing processes and concepts. It discusses 1) why manual testing is chosen as a career, 2) the skills needed to get a manual testing job, 3) when testing occurs in the software development lifecycle, and 4) the different types and levels of testing. It also defines key terms like requirements documents, test cases, defects, environments, and software development process models.
The document provides information about manual testing processes and concepts. It discusses various phases of the software development life cycle (SDLC) like requirements gathering, analysis, design, coding, testing, and deployment. It also describes different testing methodologies like black box testing, white box testing, different levels of testing from unit to user acceptance. Key terms discussed include environments, stubs, drivers, and software development process models like waterfall.
The document provides an overview of manual testing, including:
1) Reasons for choosing a career in testing include high job prospects, independence from technologies, and stability.
2) Skills needed for testing jobs include technical skills, communication skills, confidence, and dynamism.
3) Testing is done to identify, isolate, and rectify defects in order to ensure quality and customer satisfaction.
This document discusses various process models for software engineering. It begins by defining what a process model is and explaining why they are useful. It then covers traditional sequential models like waterfall and V-model. Iterative and incremental models like prototyping and spiral modeling are described which allow for software to evolve through iterations. Other topics covered include concurrent modeling, component-based development, formal methods, aspects, unified process and personal software process. The document provides details on different process patterns, assessment methods and considerations for evolutionary processes.
SDLC is the acronym of Software Development Life Cycle. It is also called as Software development process. The software development life cycle (SDLC) is a framework defining tasks performed at each step in the software development process.
Software life cycle model: The descriptive and diagrammatic representation of the software life cycle
It represent all the activities performed on software product from the inception to retirement
It also depicts the order in which these activities are to be undertaken
More than one activity can be carried out in a single phase
The primary advantage of adhering to a life cycle model is that it encourages development of software in a systematic and disciplined manner
When a program is developed by a single programmer ,he has the freedom to decide the exact steps through which he will develop the program
Iterative Linear Sequential Model
The document discusses the software development life cycle (SDLC) and its various phases and models. It describes the six main phases of the SDLC as requirements gathering and analysis, design, implementation/coding, testing, deployment, and maintenance. It then explains different SDLC models including waterfall, V-shaped, prototype, spiral, iterative incremental, big bang, and agile. The conclusion states that the best model depends on factors like requirements clarity, complexity, size, cost and skills. The waterfall model is basic but other models are variations that allow for flexibility.
The document discusses several software development life cycle (SDLC) models including waterfall, rapid application development (RAD), incremental, spiral, and agile. The waterfall model is linear and sequential. RAD emphasizes user involvement and time-boxing. The incremental model delivers functionality in phases. The spiral model evaluates risks through prototyping. Agile methods emphasize rapid, iterative delivery through practices like extreme programming (XP).
The document discusses software engineering and the software development life cycle (SDLC). It defines key terms like system software, application software, and network-based software. It describes the characteristics of well-engineered software and lists the typical phases in the SDLC: analysis, design, coding, testing, implementation, maintenance, and re-engineering. The advantages of following the SDLC are also highlighted.
This document discusses various process models for software engineering:
- The waterfall model defines sequential phases of requirements, design, implementation, testing, and maintenance. It is inflexible to change.
- Iterative models allow repetition of phases to incrementally develop software. The incremental model delivers functionality in increments.
- Evolutionary models like prototyping and spiral development use iterative evaluation and refinement of prototypes to evolve requirements and manage risk.
- Other models include component-based development, formal methods, aspect-oriented development, and the Unified Process with iterative development of use cases. Personal and team software processes focus on self-directed teams, planning, metrics, and process improvement.
This document discusses different software development lifecycle models, including linear, iterative, agile, and prototyping models. It provides details on traditional waterfall, V-model, incremental/phased development, and iterative/agile approaches. The key strengths and problems of each model are outlined. The document concludes that there is no single model that fits all projects, and the most suitable model depends on factors like requirements stability, architecture, team size, and development objectives for the specific project.
The document provides an overview of the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) including its various stages and models. The key points are:
1. SDLC is a process that consists of planning, analysis, design, implementation, testing, deployment, and maintenance phases to develop and maintain software.
2. The stages include planning, requirements analysis, design, development, testing, deployment, and maintenance.
3. Common models include waterfall, iterative, spiral, V-model, and agile. Waterfall is the earliest and most basic sequential model while iterative and agile are more flexible to changing requirements.
The document discusses various aspects of the software process including software process models, generic process models like waterfall model and evolutionary development, process iteration, and system requirements specification. It provides details on each topic with definitions, characteristics, advantages and diagrams. The key steps in software process are specified as software specifications, design and implementation, validation, and evolution. Generic process models and specific models like waterfall, evolutionary development, and incremental delivery are explained.
The document discusses several software development life cycle (SDLC) models including Waterfall, V-Shaped, Prototyping, Rapid Application Development (RAD), Incremental, and Spiral models. For each model, it describes the key steps, strengths, weaknesses, and when each model is best applied. The models range from traditional sequential models like Waterfall to more iterative models like Prototyping and RAD.
The document discusses key concepts in software engineering. It defines software engineering as applying systematic and technical approaches to develop reliable and efficient computer software. It describes various software development models including waterfall, prototyping, RAD, spiral and evolutionary models. It also discusses software engineering layers, characteristics, applications, and process models. Finally, it covers concepts like fourth generation techniques, software project management, estimation techniques, and risk management.
The document discusses several software development life cycle (SDLC) models:
- Waterfall model involves sequential phases of requirements, design, implementation, testing and deployment with defined deliverables for each phase. It works well for stable requirements but lacks flexibility.
- V-shaped model emphasizes verification and validation testing in parallel with development phases. It focuses on planning testing in early phases.
- Prototyping model involves building prototypes to clarify requirements with user feedback before final development.
- RAD model focuses on rapid delivery through time-boxed iterations with customer involvement.
- Incremental model prioritizes and implements requirements in groups to provide early functionality.
- Spiral model combines prototyping, risk analysis
This presentation is about a lecture I gave within the "Software systems and services" immigration course at the Gran Sasso Science Institute, L'Aquila (Italy): http://cs.gssi.infn.it/.
http://www.ivanomalavolta.com
The document discusses various software life cycle models, including waterfall, V-model, incremental, prototype, spiral, RAD and 4GT. It provides descriptions of each model's phases, advantages and disadvantages. The waterfall and V-model are presented as classic sequential models. Incremental and spiral models iterate through phases to allow for flexibility. Prototype and RAD models emphasize early prototypes. Risk analysis is a key part of the spiral model.
The document describes the Waterfall Model of software development. It consists of sequential phases: requirements, design, implementation, testing, and deployment. While easy to understand, it has disadvantages like inability to change requirements later in the process and lack of early working software. The document also discusses improving the model by adding design phases, documentation, testing planning, and customer involvement.
This document discusses and compares different software lifecycle models: Waterfall, Prototype, Spiral, and Agile. The Waterfall model is sequential with clear phases but inflexible. The Prototype model allows for early feedback but suffers from poor documentation. The Spiral model combines design and prototyping. Finally, the Agile model is iterative and test-driven but may increase complexity.
The document discusses software development life cycles (SDLC). It describes the typical stages of an SDLC including feasibility study, requirements analysis, system design, development, testing, implementation, and maintenance. Several SDLC models are mentioned, including waterfall, spiral, iterative, prototyping, and RAD (rapid application development). The waterfall model is described as having distinct sequential stages with no overlap between phases. Prototyping and RAD methodologies are also explained in further detail.
Intro to Software Engineering - Life Cycle ModelsRadu_Negulescu
This document discusses various software life cycle models and their characteristics. It begins by defining a software life cycle and life cycle model. It then examines the build-and-fix, waterfall, V-model, prototyping, spiral model, incremental/iterative model, extreme programming, and formal methods life cycle models. Key factors in selecting a life cycle model are also discussed, such as application domain, schedule constraints, and risk tolerance. The document concludes by comparing agile and plan-driven methods and introducing the Capability Maturity Model for assessing the maturity of an organization's software development processes.
The document provides information about manual testing processes and concepts. It discusses 1) why manual testing is chosen as a career, 2) the skills needed to get a manual testing job, 3) when testing occurs in the software development lifecycle, and 4) the different types and levels of testing. It also defines key terms like requirements documents, test cases, defects, environments, and software development process models.
The document provides information about manual testing processes and concepts. It discusses various phases of the software development life cycle (SDLC) like requirements gathering, analysis, design, coding, testing, and deployment. It also describes different testing methodologies like black box testing, white box testing, different levels of testing from unit to user acceptance. Key terms discussed include environments, stubs, drivers, and software development process models like waterfall.
The document provides an overview of manual testing, including:
1) Reasons for choosing a career in testing include high job prospects, independence from technologies, and stability.
2) Skills needed for testing jobs include technical skills, communication skills, confidence, and dynamism.
3) Testing is done to identify, isolate, and rectify defects in order to ensure quality and customer satisfaction.
The document provides an overview of manual testing, including:
1) Reasons for choosing a career in testing include high job prospects, independence from technologies, and stability.
2) Skills needed for testing jobs include technical skills, communication skills, confidence, and dynamism.
3) Testing is done to identify, isolate, and rectify defects in order to ensure quality and customer satisfaction.
This document provides information about manual testing and the software development lifecycle. It discusses various testing concepts like types of testing (unit, integration, system), testing methodologies (black box, white box, gray box testing), testing levels, and software development process models like waterfall, prototype, evolutionary, and spiral models. It also defines key terms used in software testing and development such as requirements documents, design documents, defects, test cases, environments, and more.
The document provides information about software testing and the software development life cycle (SDLC). It discusses various topics related to testing including types of testing (unit, integration, system etc.), testing methodologies (black box, white box, grey box), levels of testing, and software development models (waterfall, prototype, evolutionary, spiral). It also defines key terms used in software testing and development such as requirements documents, test cases, stubs, drivers, environments, and defects.
SDLC - Software Development Life Cycle
and Waterfall Model :
The SDLC aims to produce a high quality software that meets or exceeds customer expectations, reaches completion within times and cost estimates.
The document discusses the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) and Software Testing Life Cycle (STLC). It describes the various phases of SDLC like requirements gathering, analysis, design, coding, testing, and deployment. It then explains the stages of STLC in more detail - requirements analysis, test planning, test case development, environment setup, test execution, and test closure. Finally, it provides definitions related to the bug life cycle and its flow chart.
This document provides an overview of software development life cycle (SDLC) models, including the waterfall model, V-shaped model, and prototype model. It describes the key phases of each model - requirement gathering, design, implementation, testing, deployment, and maintenance. The waterfall model is a linear sequential process where each phase must be completed before the next begins. The V-shaped model adds testing phases that run parallel to the development phases. The prototype model involves building prototypes to get early customer feedback before developing the actual software. Adhering to an SDLC process helps ensure a high-quality product is delivered systematically.
1. The document discusses various software engineering process models including waterfall, prototyping, RAD, incremental, and spiral models. It describes the key phases and advantages/disadvantages of each.
2. It also covers system engineering and how software engineering occurs as part of developing larger systems. Business process engineering and product engineering are introduced for developing information systems and products respectively.
3. Key aspects of developing computer-based systems are outlined including the elements of software, hardware, people, databases, documentation and procedures.
Prashant technical practices-tdd for xebia eventXebia India
Theme: Agile Technical Practices
Epic: TDD implementation
Stories:
Context of TDD
What is TDD
Response of Developers to TDD implementation
Practices complimenting TDD
Success with TDD
The document describes the six main phases of the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC): 1) Planning and Requirement Analysis, 2) Defining Requirements, 3) Designing the product architecture, 4) Building or Developing the Product, 5) Testing the Product, and 6) Deployment in the Market and Maintenance. Each phase is explained in 1-2 sentences with an emphasis on gathering requirements, designing the architecture, coding, testing, and deploying the final product.
The document discusses software testing and the software development life cycle (SDLC). It provides an agenda that covers topics like types of testing, test case design, bug tracking, and SDLC models. The SDLC models discussed include waterfall, V-model, spiral model, and agile development models. The document describes the phases of the waterfall model SDLC such as requirements gathering, analysis, design, coding, testing, and deployment/maintenance.
The document discusses different software engineering process models including:
1. The waterfall model which is a linear sequential model where each phase must be completed before moving to the next.
2. Prototyping models which allow requirements to be refined through building prototypes.
3. RAD (Rapid Application Development) which emphasizes short development cycles through reuse and code generation.
4. Incremental models which deliver functionality in increments with early increments focusing on high priority requirements.
5. The spiral model which has multiple iterations of planning, risk analysis, engineering and evaluation phases.
DevOps aims to shorten the development lifecycle by integrating development and testing. This presentation discusses implementing continuous integration testing for System z applications using Rational Developer for zSystems, Rational Development and Test, Rational Team Concert, and Optim Test Data Management. It demonstrates how these tools allow developers to check code in and out of source control, build and test code on sandbox environments, run automated tests, and report results. This enables faster feedback and higher quality code.
The document discusses the importance of a discovery phase for projects. It outlines key objectives of discovery such as understanding client needs, identifying risks, and establishing success criteria. Challenges of discovery include helping clients understand the value and avoiding assumptions that smaller projects don't require scoping. Common discovery deliverables include specifications documents, creative briefs, and QA strategies. The discovery phase helps prevent scope creep and provides a blueprint for a successful project.
The document discusses requirement management and analysis. It covers creating and using a requirement work plan (RWP), the components and purpose of an RWP, and a case study on developing an RWP. It describes an RWP as a to-do list for requirement elicitation, documentation, and validation. The key components of an RWP include a work breakdown structure (WBS), which lists all tasks and activities, and identifies resources, skills, effort, and milestones. Traceability and managing requirement changes and dependencies throughout the project lifecycle are also addressed.
Balancing the holistic approach of the designer with the iterative approach of Agile is a challenge for any team – but even more so in an agency environment, where clients want fixed-price contracts and guaranteed scopes. In this talk I describe some ways I’ve found to reconcile these needs.
Software requirement engineering bridges the gap between system engineering and software design. It involves gathering requirements through elicitation techniques like interviews and facilitated application specification technique (FAST), analyzing requirements, modeling them, specifying them in documents like use cases, and reviewing the requirements specification. Quality function deployment translates customer needs into technical requirements. Rapid prototyping helps validate requirements by constructing a partial system implementation using tools like 4GLs, reusable components, or formal specification languages. The software requirements specification document is produced at the end of analysis and acts as a contract between developers and customers.
Introduction: What is software engineering? Software Development Life Cycle, Requirements Analysis, Software Design, Coding, Testing, Maintenance etc.
Software Requirements: Functional and Non-functional requirements, User Requirements, System Requirements, Documentation of the software requirements.
Software Processes:
Process and Project, Component Software Processes.
Software Development Process Models.
Waterfall Model. Prototyping.
Iterative Development.
The RAD Model
This document contains 50 multiple choice questions about database management systems. The questions cover topics like relational models, relational algebra, SQL, database architecture, ER modeling, data independence, and more. For each question there are 4 possible answers and the correct answer is indicated. The questions are at a basic to intermediate technical level about fundamental database concepts and terminology.
This document contains 70 multiple choice questions about QuickTest Professional (QTP). The questions cover topics like the QTP user interface, object repositories, the keyword view, data parameterization, debugging tests, and test settings.
QuickTest Co-Cubes is a document containing 57 multiple choice questions about QTP/UFT testing tools and concepts. Key points covered include shortcuts and menu options in QTP, the Keyword View, Object Repository, Object Spy, and debugging tools. The document tests knowledge of core QTP/UFT features for test automation and maintenance.
This document contains 17 multiple choice questions about Selenium concepts like CSS selectors, XPath, implicit and explicit waits, and WebDriver methods. The questions cover topics such as selecting elements, getting element text, entering text, navigating pages, counting elements, switching frames, and more. Correct answers are provided.
Testing Circus is a software testing platform that helps companies improve their testing practices. It provides tools for test case management, test automation, and defect tracking to help teams work more efficiently. Testing Circus aims to make testing easier and more effective for all types of companies.
The document contains a sample question paper for an ISTQB certification. It includes 40 multiple choice questions covering various topics in software testing such as test planning, test design techniques, test levels, test types, test documentation, test management, and test metrics. The questions assess knowledge of fundamental testing concepts, principles, and best practices.
The document contains a sample question paper for an ISTQB certification exam. It includes 30 multiple choice questions related to software testing concepts and terms. The questions cover topics like test planning, test design techniques, test levels, test automation, risk-based testing and more.
The document contains a sample question paper for an ISTQB certification with 35 multiple choice questions related to software testing. Some key topics covered in the questions include test phases and activities, test design techniques like equivalence partitioning and boundary value analysis, test levels, test types like static vs. dynamic testing, test techniques like reviews and inspections. The questions also cover test documentation like test plans, test cases, test reports and risk-based testing.
This document contains a sample question paper for an ISTQB certification exam. It includes 26 multiple choice questions testing knowledge of software testing concepts like test levels, test techniques, test coverage, and configuration management. Sample questions cover topics like the purpose of testing, characteristics of integration testing, types of analysis like boundary value analysis, goals of testing, and definitions of terms like equivalence partitioning.
This document contains 36 multiple choice questions related to software testing concepts and best practices. Some key topics covered include test design techniques, test levels, test documentation standards, test completion criteria, and fault detection. The questions assess understanding of topics like regression testing, non-functional testing, test planning, and review processes.
This document contains an ISTQB sample question paper with 25 multiple choice questions related to software testing. The questions cover topics like test levels, test techniques, test planning, test management, testability, and more. Correct answers are provided at the end.
1. The document contains a sample question paper for an ISTQB certification with 35 multiple choice questions covering software testing topics like test stages, test tools, test techniques, test coverage, test management, and more.
2. The questions test knowledge of topics like the purposes of different test stages, test coverage criteria, test techniques like error guessing and boundary value analysis, test management activities, and definitions of terms like faults, failures, and incidents.
3. The answers provide explanations for choices in questions related to test objectives, benefits of early verification, and differences between related terms.
This document contains a 10 question ISTQB sample question paper dump regarding software testing terms and processes. The questions cover topics like types of testing (e.g. field testing, performance testing, unit testing), purposes of different testing techniques (e.g. identifying test conditions and cases, informal reviews, exit criteria), and stages of testing (e.g. where alpha testing is performed).
The document contains a sample question paper for an ISTQB certification exam. It includes 37 multiple choice questions covering various topics in software testing such as test levels, test techniques, test management activities and documentation. The questions assess knowledge of terms, processes and best practices in software testing.
This document contains a sample question paper for an ISTQB certification exam. It includes 29 multiple choice questions testing knowledge of software testing concepts and best practices. Some key areas covered include test design techniques, test levels, test management, tools, and reviews/inspections.
This document contains a sample question paper for an ISTQB certification exam. It includes 30 multiple choice questions testing knowledge of software testing concepts like test techniques, test levels, test documentation standards, test design, and more. The questions cover topics like test planning, test types, test coverage, test documentation, fault detection, and test effectiveness.
1. Splitting testing into stages allows each stage to have a distinct purpose and makes testing easier to manage.
2. Regression testing benefits most from test capture and replay facilities as it involves rerunning existing tests.
3. A minimal test set that achieves 100% path coverage will generally detect more faults than one that achieves 100% statement coverage.
The document contains a sample question paper for an ISTQB certification exam. It includes 20 multiple choice questions testing knowledge of software testing concepts like boundary value analysis, test automation, quality characteristics, test levels, and test metrics like statement coverage. The questions cover topics like test techniques, test process, reviews, complexity metrics, and measuring test effectiveness.
The document contains a 40 question ISTQB question paper dump covering topics in software testing such as test techniques, test documentation standards, test management tools, and costs of fixing defects. Some key points covered include:
- Regression testing should be performed after software changes and when the environment changes.
- Early test design can prevent fault multiplication and find faults but faults found then are more expensive to fix.
- The main purpose of acceptance testing is to ensure the system is acceptable from a business perspective.
- The cost of fixing a defect increases as a system moves closer to production use.
This document provides practice questions and answers to help prepare for the ISTQB ISEB BH0-010 exam. It includes 22 multiple choice questions covering topics like test techniques, test levels, test design, and test management. It also provides links to purchase an online practice exam for further exam preparation.
3. 3
Software EngineerQA Engineer
Test Engineer
Project Manager
Program Manag erBusiness Analyst
Team Lead
Product Manager
Tech Lead
Architect
Tech Writer
Understanding your role and responsibility and
role and responsibility of others is critical to your success.
Different Roles in IT
Software Team – Roles & Responsibilities
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Bidding:
• It is defined as request for
proposal, estimations and
official agreement two parties
i.e., Sign in agreement.
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Kick-Off-Meeting:
• It is an initial meeting conducted in company soon after the
Project is signed.
• Who?
High Level Management-Managers(Product, Program,
Technical…)
• Objective: To discuss the over view of the Project & to select
PM.
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PIN (Project Initiation Note):
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• PIN is a mail prepaid by the project manager and send to
the CEO of the software company in order to get the
permission to start the project development.
• Once the mail is approved from the CEO, PM is going to
prepare one more mail hence this mail is also called as PIN
and is going to share all concern team members in the
project stating that they are about start a project.
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SDLC:
• Software Development Life Cycle
Phases or stages of a project
from inception through
completion and delivery of the
final product… and
maintenance too!
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Software Development Stages:
1. Requirement
2. Analysis
3. Design
4. Coding
5. Testing
6. Deployment
7. Maintenance
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Requirement Phase:
• Role: BA & EM
• Task: Interacting with the client and gathering the
information.
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Requirement Phase:
BA Client BRS EM/PM
SME
URS
PrototypeClientSRS
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Requirement Phase:
• Proof: The proof of Requirement Phase is BRS Document.
• BRS- BDD (or) BD.
• SRS (or) FSD (or) FRS.
• URS (or) CRS.
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Requirement Phase:
• Business Requirement (BRS)
1. Represent high-level objectives of the organization or
customer requesting the system or product.
2. Objectives captured in a project’s vision and scope
document
Ex.
The Flight Reservation System’s login operations must
provide basic security to access the system.
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Requirement Phase:
• User Requirements
1. Describe tasks the user must be able to accomplish
with the product.
Ex.
1. Enter user id in the Agent Name field
2. Enter the password in the Password field
3. Click OK
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Requirement Phase:
• Functional Requirements
1. Define the application’s software functionality to
enable users to accomplish their tasks, thereby
satisfying the business requirements
2. Documented in a Software Requirements Specification
(SRS).
Ex.
1. Allow access to authorized user ids and passwords
2. Deny access to invalid user ids and passwords
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Analysis Phase:
• The process of identifying requirements, current
problems, constraints, Opportunities for improvement ,
timelines and Resources costs .
• Roles: Managers (Program, Project, Product).
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Analysis Phase:
• Process:KT Sessions.
• …used for resolving any problems that need to be addressed.
• determine what attributes and behavior each object should
have, and how the objects should interact or interrelate with
each other.
• “Figuring out what your program should do in the best way
possible”.
• Feasibility study (social, economical etc).
• investigate the need for possible software automation in the
given system.
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Analysis Phase:
• Difficulties in conducting requirement
analysis
1. Analyst not prepared
2. Customer has no time/interest
3. Incorrect customer personnel involved
4. Insufficient time allotted in project schedule
• Proof: SRS
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Design Phase:
• The business of finding a way to
meet the functional
requirements within the
specified constraints using the
available technology.
• Roles: CA, TL
• Task: HLD, LLD.
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Design Phase:
CA (HLD) Tech Lead(LLD) Team
Modules Sub Modules
(DFD,UML)
Pseudo Code GUI
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Design Phase:
• Proof: TDD (Technical Design Document)
• Pseudo Code:
• - It is a set of English statements (or) Step by Step
Algorithm which will make the Developers more
comfortable while developing the actual code.
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Design Phase:
1. Determine the set of instructions that will lead to a solution that meets
the customer’s requirements.
2. This set of instructions is called an algorithm.
3. Algorithms are usually represented pictorially (by flowcharts or UML
state diagrams)
4. Architecture, including hardware and software, communication,
software design (UML is produced here) are all part of the deliverables
of a design phase
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Design Phase:
HLDS (High Level Design Specifications) From User Point
of view:
1. List of modules and a brief description of each.
2. Brief functionality of each module.
3. Interface relationship among modules.
4. Dependencies between modules.
5. Database tables identified with key elements.
6. Overall architecture diagrams along.
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Design Phase:
LLDS (Low Level Design Specifications) / Detailed Design
1. Detailed functional logic of the module, in pseudo code.
2. Database tables, with all elements, including their type
and size.
3. All interface details.
4. All dependency issues.
5. Error MSG listing.
6. Complete input and output format of a module
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Coding Phase:
Roles: Programmers/Developers
Task: Programming/Coding
Process:
1. Indentation
2. Proper color
coding
3. Commenting
TDD
Developer SCD Coding Standards
Proof: SCD
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Coding Phase:
1. The specifications from the detailed design phase are converted into
programs.
2. Code is produced from the deliverables of the design phase during
implementation, and this is the longest phase of the software
development life cycle.
3. Design must be translated into a machine-readable form taking input
as SRS.
1. Done by Team of developers.
2. Reviews after every 500 lines of code
1. Code Inspection
2. Code Walkthrough
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Testing Phase:
• Role: Test Engineer
• Task: Testing the System (or) Product.
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Testing Phase:
Test Cases (Review) Build Defect Report Dev Team
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Testing Phase:
1. Finding the hidden defects in developed Product.
2. During testing, the implementation is tested against the requirements
to make sure that the product is actually solving the needs addressed
and gathered during the requirements phase.
3. Unit, Integration, system and acceptance tests are done during this
phase. Unit tests act on a specific component of the system, while
system tests act on the system as a whole.
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Testing Phase:
• Proof: The proof of the testing phase is Quality Product
i.e., Error Free Product (or) System.
• Note:
• Test Case: It is an idea of a Test Engineer to test something
of an application based requirements.
• GUI: It is an interface between the user and something
developed with graphics in-order to make the user
comfortable to interact with that something.
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Deployment Phase:
• Task: Delivering the Software
• Roles: Deployment Engineer (or) Installation Engineer
• Process:
DEPLOY
Installation Engineer Client
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Deployment Phase:
Deploying the product at client side.
Installation and setup of software application at
the customer site.
Proof: After delivering the Product the official
agreement will be signed off. This document will
be the proof for delivery phase.
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Maintenance Phase:
1. Maintaining the software application
1. Fixing bugs
2. Integrate new features requested by customers
3. Provide support
2. Maintenance can be provided in 2 ways
1. Normal
2. Continuous
3. On Going Process
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Summary:
• In this session we have discussed
Different Roles in IT
Phases of SDLC
Sequence and flow of SDLC phases
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Review Questions:
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1. Which of the following requirements will provide the information
about the aspects what the user must able to accomplish?
1. User Requirements
2. System Requirements
3. Business Requirements
4. Non-functional Requirements
2. In the High-level design the database tables will be created with all
the columns in it defined.
1.TRUE
2.FALSE
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Review Questions:
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3. In which of the following stages of SDLC, the need for implementing the
automation for Testing is decided?
1. Requirements
2. Analysis
3. Design
4. Coding
4. Which of the Following is the last stage of SDLC ?
1. Analysis
2. Deployment
3. Maintenance
4. Coding
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Assignments:
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1.Suppose you are involved in a team which is enhancing the
“www.newtours.demoaut.com”, with the new “Hotels” functionalities.
List-out what are the:
a) Business Requirements
b) User Requirements
c) Functional Requirements
2. Suppose you are involved in a team which is adding a new module to the
“www.newtours.demoaut.com”, which is nothing but the “Hotels”, where
customers can book the Hotels also.
List-out the activities involved here as per the SDLC.