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Mpob planning final(with akshay)
This document provides an overview of planning, including its key elements and purposes. It discusses the planning process, different types of goals and plans, as well as strategies and tactics. Various planning tools and techniques are also outlined, along with the advantages and limitations of planning. The rational model of decision making is explained. The document emphasizes that planning is an ongoing process that involves setting goals, developing plans to achieve them, implementing plans, and monitoring results to make corrections if needed.
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Mpob planning final(with akshay)
- 1. Made By: Ankit Verma107 Gaurav 108 Pooja 109 Parana 110 Saumya 112
- 2. CONTENT • • • • • • • • • About Planning Purpose ofPlanning Elements of Planning Strategies and Tactics Types of Strategies Seven S Model Planning tools and Techniques Advantages and Limitation of Planning Decision Making Process Model
- 3. What is Planning?? Planningis the Process of: Thinking Organizing It involves creation and maintenance of plan. Desired Goals
- 4. Purpose of Planning ProvidesDirection Sets the Standards for Controlling Reduces Uncertainty Minimizes waste and redundancy
- 5. Elements of Planning •GOALS: are the End results to be achieved. They give direction to activities and require creative thinking and foresight. • PLANS: Written account of intended future course of action aimed at achieving specific goal or objective within a specific timeframe. It explains in detail what needs to be done, when, how, and by whom, and often includes best case, expected case, and worst case scenarios.
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- 8. The Hierarchy ofOrganizational Plans Mission Statement Strategic Plans Operational Plans • Broad Organizational Goals • Based on Planning premises, which justifies an organization’s existence • Plans designed to meet an organization’s broad goals. • Plans that contain details for carrying out, or implementing, those strategic plans in day-to-day activities.
- 9. Strategies and Tactics Strategies •Aimed at counteracting the actions of the opponents. Tactics • Immediate decisions based on the executive’s judgement and experience whilst facing an actual situation
- 10. Types of Strategy CorporateLevel Business Unit Functional Level
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- 12. Planning Tools andTechniques Accessing the Environment: Scanning Forecasting Bench Marking Allocating Resources
- 13. Contemporary Planning Techniques: Project and Project Management Scenario and Scenario Planning Contingency Planning
- 14. Advantages of Planning Increasesthe organization’s ability to adopt future eventualities. Helps crystallize objectives. Ensures a relatedness among decision. Reduces mistakes and oversights/ unnecessary pressures of immediacy. Ensures a more productive use of resources. Increases effectiveness of a manager. Makes control easier. Helps the company remain more competitive in its industry .
- 15. Limitations of Planning Effectivenessdepends upon correctness of assumptions Planning is expensive Planning delays actions Encourages a false sense of security
- 16. How to makePlanning Effective..? Coordination Communication Participation Proper Climate
- 17. The Rational Modelof Decision Making Investigating the situation Developing an alternative •Defining the problem •Diagnosing the causes •Identifying the decision objective •Seek creative alternative •Evaluation at the next stage Implement & monitor Evaluate alternatives & select the best one • Plan implementation •Make necessary adjustments •Evaluate •Select the best alternative
- 18. Continuum of decisionmaking In making a decision , managers must weigh alternatives involving future events that are difficult to predict . Therefore , decision making is categorized on a continuum ranging from : Risk Uncertainty Certainty
- 19. Certainty • Objective isknown. • Complete information about each alternative is known. Risk • Unpredictable outcome of an alternative. • But enough information to predict the probability that desired state is achieved. Uncertainty • High unpredictability about the alternative and the outcome. • Due to External conditions and unavailability of key information.
- 20. PLANNING & CONTROLLING: UNENDINGPHENOMENON Planning Results Controlling: Corrective Measures & Follow Up
- 21. Case Study: PlanningFor A Miracle On 34th Street Shifted focus from glizty goods to moderated priced goods. Installed new satellite network to connect suppliers with sales people. Launched their own 24*7 Cable channel to advertise & sell their goods.
- 22. “Developing the planis actually laying out the sequence of events that have to occur for you to achieve your goal.” ― George L.Morrisey