This study examined how rats associate flavors with nutrient infusions and how that affects later eating behaviors. 17 male rats were trained to associate either grape or cherry flavored drinks with glucose or water infusions. Their gastric emptying rates and meal patterns were then tested after drinking the flavored drinks. The results showed that flavor-nutrient learning may help protect against weight gain by allowing learned control of metabolic responses and eating behaviors.
People are often advised to do all sorts of crazy things, most of which have no evidence behind them.
However, over the years, scientists have found a number of strategies that seem to be effective.
People are often advised to do all sorts of crazy things, most of which have no evidence behind them.
However, over the years, scientists have found a number of strategies that seem to be effective.
In vitro antidiabetic activity like
Inhibition of Polysaccharide-Degrading Enzymes
Assay for α-Amylase
Assay for α-Glucosidase
Everted Sac Technique for Assaying α-Glucosidase
Assays forGLUT2TransportActivity
Perfusion of Jejunal Loops
Transport Activity of Brush Border Membrane Vesicles
Apical Expression of GLUT2
Evaluation of Glucose Absorption InVivo
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Pahrmaceutical Science. IJPSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Screening method of peptic ulcer disease.pptxTUSHARUNDHAD3
Screening method of peptic ulcer disease.pptx
1.Introduction
2.Causes
3.Symptoms
4.Classification of antiulcer drugs
Screening model
(A) In vitro model
(B) In vivo model
A. IN VITRO MODEL
1. H+/K+ ATPase inhibition assay
2. Tiotidine binding assay
3. Gastrin binding assay
B. In Vivo model
1. Pylorus ligation in rats
2. NSAIDs induced gastric ulcer
3. Ethanol induced gastric ulcer in rats
4. Histamine induced gastric ulcer
5. Acetic acid induced gastric ulcer
6. Cysteamine induced duodenal ulcer
Dr Carlene Starck, Postdoctoral Research Fellow at Riddet Institute, New Zealand: http://www.kiwifruitsymposium.org/presentations/kiwifruit-and-digestive-comfort-in-vitro-and-in-vivo-supporting-evidence/
Presentation at the 1st International Symposium on Kiwifruit and Health.
Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) hosts a number of beneficial properties for gut health. In addition to its high fibre content, water holding capacity and levels of the vitamins C and E, its consumption has been reported to provide relief of symptoms of gastrointestinal discomfort.
In vitro glucose absorption by everted gut sac methodKunj Fosi
Aim :- Aim is to find out the rate of glucose absorbed across an everted sac prepared from the rat intestine using the drugs Beta- caryophyllene and L-Arginine.
Result :- The combination of BCP & LA showed significant decrease in glucose absorption in small intestine.
Thus, we conclude that this combination approach (LA + BCP) possesses the new therapeutic regimen for the treatment of T2DM.
Information about Tube Feeding by Dr Dhaval Mangukiya.
Details of tube feeding, gastric feeding, jejunal or duodenal feeding, continuous feeding, cyclic feeding, bolus feeding, present guidelines, GRV etc.
https://drdhavalmangukiya.com/
http://www.youtube.com/c/DrDhavalMangukiyaGastrosurgeonSurat
https://gastrosurgerysurat.blogspot.com/
In vitro antidiabetic activity like
Inhibition of Polysaccharide-Degrading Enzymes
Assay for α-Amylase
Assay for α-Glucosidase
Everted Sac Technique for Assaying α-Glucosidase
Assays forGLUT2TransportActivity
Perfusion of Jejunal Loops
Transport Activity of Brush Border Membrane Vesicles
Apical Expression of GLUT2
Evaluation of Glucose Absorption InVivo
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Pahrmaceutical Science. IJPSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Screening method of peptic ulcer disease.pptxTUSHARUNDHAD3
Screening method of peptic ulcer disease.pptx
1.Introduction
2.Causes
3.Symptoms
4.Classification of antiulcer drugs
Screening model
(A) In vitro model
(B) In vivo model
A. IN VITRO MODEL
1. H+/K+ ATPase inhibition assay
2. Tiotidine binding assay
3. Gastrin binding assay
B. In Vivo model
1. Pylorus ligation in rats
2. NSAIDs induced gastric ulcer
3. Ethanol induced gastric ulcer in rats
4. Histamine induced gastric ulcer
5. Acetic acid induced gastric ulcer
6. Cysteamine induced duodenal ulcer
Dr Carlene Starck, Postdoctoral Research Fellow at Riddet Institute, New Zealand: http://www.kiwifruitsymposium.org/presentations/kiwifruit-and-digestive-comfort-in-vitro-and-in-vivo-supporting-evidence/
Presentation at the 1st International Symposium on Kiwifruit and Health.
Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) hosts a number of beneficial properties for gut health. In addition to its high fibre content, water holding capacity and levels of the vitamins C and E, its consumption has been reported to provide relief of symptoms of gastrointestinal discomfort.
In vitro glucose absorption by everted gut sac methodKunj Fosi
Aim :- Aim is to find out the rate of glucose absorbed across an everted sac prepared from the rat intestine using the drugs Beta- caryophyllene and L-Arginine.
Result :- The combination of BCP & LA showed significant decrease in glucose absorption in small intestine.
Thus, we conclude that this combination approach (LA + BCP) possesses the new therapeutic regimen for the treatment of T2DM.
Information about Tube Feeding by Dr Dhaval Mangukiya.
Details of tube feeding, gastric feeding, jejunal or duodenal feeding, continuous feeding, cyclic feeding, bolus feeding, present guidelines, GRV etc.
https://drdhavalmangukiya.com/
http://www.youtube.com/c/DrDhavalMangukiyaGastrosurgeonSurat
https://gastrosurgerysurat.blogspot.com/
1. Metabolic preparatory responses to flavor-nutrient learning and its
effects on subsequent meal patterns
Megan Summers, Sam Sheridan & Kevin Myers, Ph.D
Bucknell University, Lewisburg PA 17837
Subjects
• 17 male rats
• Received intragastric catheters
• Maintained at 85-90% free feeding
body weight
Training
• All subjects tested at least 1 week
post-operation
• Rats received either grape or
cherry flavored, saccharin
sweetened Kool-aid CS+ or CS-
• 16 hour habituation to lick boxes
with 0.2% unflavored saccharin
Alternating days, 16 hour exposure
to a CS+ or CS- flavor with
appropriate intragastric infusion
Testing
• 10 minute access to either CS+ or
CS- flavor + IG 3ml acetaminophen
• Blood sample collection at 0, 10,
30, 60 minutes post ingestion to be
assayed for acetaminophen.
Gastric Emptying
Infusing acetaminophen into
the stomach and taking blood
samples after infusion allows for
analysis of the rate of gastric
emptying.
A spike in acetaminophen
levels would suggest faster rates
of gastric emptying. A gradual
increase in acetaminophen in
blood plasma would demonstrate
a slower rate of gastric emptying,
thus alluding to a controlled
response.
Meal Patterns
In comparison to measuring
chow over a brief access, using
an operant chamber that is
equipped for second by second
resolution of chow consumption,
this experiment can then explore
changes in meal frequency and
meal size of the rats.
From an evolutionary
standpoint, consuming larger
meals of calorically dense food is
more efficient than foraging for
food more often. This has been
believed to be a factor in the
overeating of high calorie foods
seen in society today. New data
shows a different effect of flavor-
nutrient pairing on overeating and
weight gain. A recent study
indicates that individuals who
showed the largest intake of the
flavor paired with intragastric
glucose gained the least amount of
weight on an ad libitum cafeteria
diet (Myers).
In the current study, after
conditioning rats to associate
cherry or grape Kool-Aid flavored
saccharin with either IG glucose or
water infusions, rats were studied
for gastric emptying and meal
patterns. This looks at possible
explanations for how learned
control of metabolic preparatory
responses may be one way flavor-
nutrient learning helps to protect
against weight gain.
Baseline
• 30 min session with 0.2%
unflavored saccharin solution
• 2-hr chow access in operant boxes
Testing
• 30 min session with either 0.2%
CS+ or CS- flavored saccharin
solution + IG water
• 30 min session with either 0.2%
CS+ or CS- flavored saccharin
solution + IG 5ml of 16% glucose
Each session followed by 2-hr chow
access in operant boxes
• Chow patterns measured in both
total grams of pellets consumed as
well as pattern of consumption
Support: STEM Scholar Program
funded by the National Science
Foundation, Douglas K. Candland.
GLUCOSE
CS+
flavor in saccharin
WATER
CS–
flavor in saccharin