The document summarizes the Nissan Sunny, a small car launched in 1966 as the Datsun 1000. It was produced in multiple generations through 2004 for various global markets. Key details include:
- It was larger than the Nissan March but smaller than the Bluebird models, and earlier versions were subcompact while later became compact.
- It was known as the Datsun 1200 in the second generation and gained size to match the Toyota Corolla.
- The third generation 120Y/B210 was extremely popular during the 1970s gas crisis for its fuel efficiency and affordability.
The document provides information on the Ford Escort that was produced in Europe between 1968-2002. It summarizes the key details of the different Mark generations of the Escort, including the Mark I (1968-1974) and Mark II (1975-1980) models. The Escort was a successful small family car for Ford in Europe and also had success in rally competitions, with various high-performance versions produced.
The document summarizes the history of Ford trucks from 1908 to present day. It discusses key milestones like Henry Ford building the first pickup truck in 1908. It outlines the different generations of F-Series trucks and the engines that powered them. It also details the introduction of diesel engines in Ford pickups starting in 1982, and the new technologies introduced in modern diesel engines today.
The document lists the 10 best motorcycles ever built, including the Harley Davidson WLA from 1940-1945, BMW R50/5 from 1970-1973, and Honda Rebel known for its reliability and fuel efficiency. The top motorcycle is the Royal Enfield Bullet, which has been in continuous production since 1931 and is still popular today despite numerous engine upgrades over the decades.
The Ford Mustang was introduced in 1964 and became an instant success, receiving over 22,000 orders on its first day. Some key features that defined the Mustang included its triple tail lights and lengthened hood. Over the decades, various Mustang models and special editions were produced, with performance versions winning numerous awards and races. Today, the Mustang remains an affordable high-performance car starting at around $23,000 for the various trim levels and special editions offered.
The document provides a history of the Suzuki Wagon R kei car. Some key points:
- The Wagon R was first introduced in 1993 and uses a "tall wagon" design to maximize interior space within kei car regulations.
- It has been highly successful in Japan and other markets. Global sales reached 5 million units by 2010, with it being the best-selling kei car in Japan since 2003.
- The Wagon R has gone through five generations with incremental design changes and powertrain upgrades over time. It remains very popular, with the current generation introducing a mild hybrid system for improved fuel efficiency.
- In India, the Wagon R is manufactured and sold by
The Ford Mustang was first introduced in 1964 and was aimed to have the practicality of everyday use with the excitement of a muscle car. It came in various engine and body styles. Major changes were made in 1967 to give it more of a muscle car design and higher performance models like the Shelby GT350 were offered. Throughout the years, special edition Mustangs like the Bullitt and Boss 302 were introduced. While the Mustang II models of the 1970s were smaller due to the fuel crisis, the 1979 Fox chassis revival brought back larger Mustangs that included the popular 5.0 engine. High performance models like the Cobra were added in later years as the Mustang regained its status as one of the best looking cars on the
The document provides information on the Ford Escort that was produced in Europe between 1968-2002. It summarizes the key details of the different Mark generations of the Escort, including the Mark I (1968-1974) and Mark II (1975-1980) models. The Escort was a successful small family car for Ford in Europe and also had success in rally competitions, with various high-performance versions produced.
The document summarizes the history of Ford trucks from 1908 to present day. It discusses key milestones like Henry Ford building the first pickup truck in 1908. It outlines the different generations of F-Series trucks and the engines that powered them. It also details the introduction of diesel engines in Ford pickups starting in 1982, and the new technologies introduced in modern diesel engines today.
The document lists the 10 best motorcycles ever built, including the Harley Davidson WLA from 1940-1945, BMW R50/5 from 1970-1973, and Honda Rebel known for its reliability and fuel efficiency. The top motorcycle is the Royal Enfield Bullet, which has been in continuous production since 1931 and is still popular today despite numerous engine upgrades over the decades.
The Ford Mustang was introduced in 1964 and became an instant success, receiving over 22,000 orders on its first day. Some key features that defined the Mustang included its triple tail lights and lengthened hood. Over the decades, various Mustang models and special editions were produced, with performance versions winning numerous awards and races. Today, the Mustang remains an affordable high-performance car starting at around $23,000 for the various trim levels and special editions offered.
The document provides a history of the Suzuki Wagon R kei car. Some key points:
- The Wagon R was first introduced in 1993 and uses a "tall wagon" design to maximize interior space within kei car regulations.
- It has been highly successful in Japan and other markets. Global sales reached 5 million units by 2010, with it being the best-selling kei car in Japan since 2003.
- The Wagon R has gone through five generations with incremental design changes and powertrain upgrades over time. It remains very popular, with the current generation introducing a mild hybrid system for improved fuel efficiency.
- In India, the Wagon R is manufactured and sold by
The Ford Mustang was first introduced in 1964 and was aimed to have the practicality of everyday use with the excitement of a muscle car. It came in various engine and body styles. Major changes were made in 1967 to give it more of a muscle car design and higher performance models like the Shelby GT350 were offered. Throughout the years, special edition Mustangs like the Bullitt and Boss 302 were introduced. While the Mustang II models of the 1970s were smaller due to the fuel crisis, the 1979 Fox chassis revival brought back larger Mustangs that included the popular 5.0 engine. High performance models like the Cobra were added in later years as the Mustang regained its status as one of the best looking cars on the
The document traces the evolution of the Jeep Wrangler from its origins as a military vehicle during WWII to the present day models. It started as the Willys MB and Ford GPW designed to meet the Army's need for a light utility vehicle. After the war, Willys began producing civilian versions as the CJ models, which grew in popularity. Subsequent generations included the YJ and TJ models which featured upgrades like more powerful engines and optional features. More recent versions include the Wrangler Unlimited with four doors and the current JK model.
The Jensen Interceptor was a British 2 +2 GT car that blended American muscle with British luxury. The American V-8 power was provided by Chrysler big block high performance motors.
The document discusses the history and development of classic American muscle cars from the late 1950s through the mid-1960s. It introduces some of the earliest and most famous muscle cars such as the 1958 Chevrolet Impala and 1959 Chrysler 300. The document then provides a table outlining notable muscle car models year-by-year from 1958 to 1965, including their engine options and any redesigns or new features.
The 2013 Chevrolet Corvette at Jerry's Chevrolet in Weatherford, Texas. The Chevy Corvette is an awesome piece of eye-candy that is sleek and smooth! Interested? Look no further than Jerry's Chevrolet, home to both new and pre-owned vehicles.
The Apperson touring car from the early 1900s showed incredible vision with its advanced design features like a 40 hp four-cylinder engine, jump-spark ignition, and an early radiator design. It also had a friction clutch, four-speed transmission, and two braking systems. Military vehicles began exploring automobile uses for warfare around the same time, with armored cars and vehicles with mounted machine guns appearing in the late 1890s. Henry Ford launched the Ford Motor Company and its simple, affordable Model A in 1903, selling over 1,700 that first year despite 88 other new car companies starting at the same time. Variable valve technology was also experimented with as early as 1901, with the De Dion-Bouton Motore
The document summarizes the history of the Mini car over 50 years. It describes how the original Mini was designed in the 1950s to be small and fuel efficient in response to rising gas prices. Key innovations like mounting the engine transversely and placing the wheels at the corners maximized interior space. The Mini became a cultural icon of the 1960s known for its style and affordability. It also found success in racing and over 5 million were sold, leading to it being named the European Car of the Century. A new MINI was launched in 1999 invoking the classic design features while being larger and more modern, sparking renewed popularity for the brand globally.
This document is adapted from another PPT present in slide share.But this is little different from that one. In this presentation the mechanism of firing order is added.Hope you people like this. Thank you
One of three 'Works' Cooper Bobtails built in 1955 for the 1956 season of racing. Raced by the likes of Ivor Bueb, Jack Brabham and Stirling Moss this car has a continuous race history to the present day with its most recent win being at Silverstone in April 2014. Extensively and sympathetically restored this car is presented for sale in a condition ready to race.
1. Honda unveils several new models at the 2016 Geneva Motor Show, including the Civic Hatchback Prototype, Clarity Fuel Cell, and CR-V Black Edition.
2. The Civic Hatchback Prototype previews the design of the 10th generation Civic hatchback, which will be produced in the UK and exported globally starting in early 2017.
3. The Clarity Fuel Cell fuel cell vehicle makes its European debut, featuring improved fuel cell and drivetrain technology for a range of over 700km.
The original Ford Mustang debuted in 1964 at a price of $2,368 and was an immediate success, receiving over 22,000 orders on the first day. Mustang sales reached an astounding 417,000 units in the first 12 months. Throughout the 1960s and early 1970s, the Mustang established itself as an American automotive icon and muscle car, offering high-performance variants like the Shelby GT350 and Boss 302. However, in response to rising fuel costs and emissions standards in the 1970s, the Mustang moved to smaller, more efficient designs before resuming its performance roots in the 1980s and beyond.
The document summarizes the design changes and improvements to the Chevrolet Corvair between the 1960-1964 and 1965-1969 model years. Key changes included a redesigned exterior styling in 1965 that improved its appearance, the addition of a 180-horsepower turbocharged engine option, and an upgrade to fully independent rear suspension compared to the previous swing-axle design.
The document summarizes the history and evolution of the Mini brand from its first sale in Texas in 1959 to BMW taking over production in 2001. It notes key years and models throughout Mini's history under British Motor Corporation, addressing changes in price, quality, comfort and features. The summary concludes that the UK Prime Minister recently drove the two millionth Mini Cooper convertible off the assembly line in Oxford.
Paul Katsus studies and documents sports cars and muscle cars from the 1960s-1970s. In 1969, Mercury produced the Cyclone CJ muscle car with the 428 Cobra Jet engine to compete with the Dodge GTX and Plymouth Road Runner. The Cyclone CJ could reach over 100 MPH and quarter mile times of under 14 seconds. Mercury only sold around 2,175 Cyclone CJ models that year. The rare Super Cobra Jet option included an upgraded engine with stronger components. Paul Katsus considers the 1969 Mercury Cyclone to be one of the most collectible Mercury models.
California built 1958 chevy apache retains vintage, restoration appealFrank Benaderet
The document discusses a 1958 Chevy Apache pickup truck that was recently restored by a certified green builder, Frank Benaderet, and his son. Key details about the Chevy Apache model include that it was a light-duty truck produced in California with updated styling, engines, and optional four-wheel drive and air conditioning compared to previous Chevrolet truck models from 1958.
Triumph began producing motorcycles in 1902 with a single cylinder engine bolted to a bicycle frame. By 1909, they introduced the first bike with a clutch, allowing riders to start the engine without pedaling. During World War I, Triumph produced over 30,000 of their Model H bikes for Allied forces. In the 1930s, Triumph introduced the parallel twin Speed Twin motorcycle which set the trend for other manufacturers. Throughout the 20th century, Triumph motorcycles gained popularity through racing successes and appearances in films, but the company faced financial struggles and shut down production in the 1980s before being resurrected in the 1990s under new ownership. Today, Triumph continues as the only all-British owned motorcycle manufacturer
The third-generation Ford Galaxy has outstanding engines that provide powerful and comfortable driving. It has a reputation for strong engine performance and advanced technology features, along with a spacious interior. The Galaxy offers different engine options including EcoBoost petrol and diesel selections that provide a wonderful driving experience.
Chapter 20 introducing new market offerings reyesRosalia Reyes
The document discusses the stages of new product development and concept testing. It provides examples of the different stages, including:
1) Idea generation, which starts the process by searching for ideas.
2) Concept development and testing, where product concepts are elaborated in consumer terms and tested to get consumer reactions.
3) Concept testing involves presenting the product concept symbolically or physically to target consumers to understand benefits, value, and purchase intention.
This document provides an introduction to Twitter, explaining what it is, why it is important, how to create an account and tweet, and some best practices for using it. It notes that Twitter has over 6 million users and 55 million monthly visitors, and is a way to connect with colleagues, market products and services, and share industry news and job opportunities. It recommends tweeting 5-10 times per day and avoiding over-tweeting which could be seen as spam.
The document provides a summary of Patrick Klausing's contact information, professional experience, technical skills, and education. It outlines his experience as an IT Analyst and Software Developer with over 30 years of experience developing systems for supply chain, order entry, and other business applications. Key skills include COBOL, SQL, DB2, IMS, CICS, and mainframe software.
This document outlines a 20-year marketing plan and journey for Mellow Lea PR Enterprises, an accounting and auditing firm. The plan discusses the vision, mission, roles, and historical performance. It also outlines goals for the next 20 years which include graduating with an MBA, becoming a managing partner, owning a car and condo unit, and traveling abroad. The document emphasizes focusing on the journey, not the destination, and describes how the founder has become more mature and level-headed over time.
This document provides a summary of Patrick Klausing's professional experience and qualifications. It includes his contact information, over 30 years of experience in IT consulting roles, and expertise in various technologies including COBOL, DB2, CICS, Java, and XML. He has extensive experience designing and developing systems for clients in various industries such as manufacturing, insurance, and transportation.
The document traces the evolution of the Jeep Wrangler from its origins as a military vehicle during WWII to the present day models. It started as the Willys MB and Ford GPW designed to meet the Army's need for a light utility vehicle. After the war, Willys began producing civilian versions as the CJ models, which grew in popularity. Subsequent generations included the YJ and TJ models which featured upgrades like more powerful engines and optional features. More recent versions include the Wrangler Unlimited with four doors and the current JK model.
The Jensen Interceptor was a British 2 +2 GT car that blended American muscle with British luxury. The American V-8 power was provided by Chrysler big block high performance motors.
The document discusses the history and development of classic American muscle cars from the late 1950s through the mid-1960s. It introduces some of the earliest and most famous muscle cars such as the 1958 Chevrolet Impala and 1959 Chrysler 300. The document then provides a table outlining notable muscle car models year-by-year from 1958 to 1965, including their engine options and any redesigns or new features.
The 2013 Chevrolet Corvette at Jerry's Chevrolet in Weatherford, Texas. The Chevy Corvette is an awesome piece of eye-candy that is sleek and smooth! Interested? Look no further than Jerry's Chevrolet, home to both new and pre-owned vehicles.
The Apperson touring car from the early 1900s showed incredible vision with its advanced design features like a 40 hp four-cylinder engine, jump-spark ignition, and an early radiator design. It also had a friction clutch, four-speed transmission, and two braking systems. Military vehicles began exploring automobile uses for warfare around the same time, with armored cars and vehicles with mounted machine guns appearing in the late 1890s. Henry Ford launched the Ford Motor Company and its simple, affordable Model A in 1903, selling over 1,700 that first year despite 88 other new car companies starting at the same time. Variable valve technology was also experimented with as early as 1901, with the De Dion-Bouton Motore
The document summarizes the history of the Mini car over 50 years. It describes how the original Mini was designed in the 1950s to be small and fuel efficient in response to rising gas prices. Key innovations like mounting the engine transversely and placing the wheels at the corners maximized interior space. The Mini became a cultural icon of the 1960s known for its style and affordability. It also found success in racing and over 5 million were sold, leading to it being named the European Car of the Century. A new MINI was launched in 1999 invoking the classic design features while being larger and more modern, sparking renewed popularity for the brand globally.
This document is adapted from another PPT present in slide share.But this is little different from that one. In this presentation the mechanism of firing order is added.Hope you people like this. Thank you
One of three 'Works' Cooper Bobtails built in 1955 for the 1956 season of racing. Raced by the likes of Ivor Bueb, Jack Brabham and Stirling Moss this car has a continuous race history to the present day with its most recent win being at Silverstone in April 2014. Extensively and sympathetically restored this car is presented for sale in a condition ready to race.
1. Honda unveils several new models at the 2016 Geneva Motor Show, including the Civic Hatchback Prototype, Clarity Fuel Cell, and CR-V Black Edition.
2. The Civic Hatchback Prototype previews the design of the 10th generation Civic hatchback, which will be produced in the UK and exported globally starting in early 2017.
3. The Clarity Fuel Cell fuel cell vehicle makes its European debut, featuring improved fuel cell and drivetrain technology for a range of over 700km.
The original Ford Mustang debuted in 1964 at a price of $2,368 and was an immediate success, receiving over 22,000 orders on the first day. Mustang sales reached an astounding 417,000 units in the first 12 months. Throughout the 1960s and early 1970s, the Mustang established itself as an American automotive icon and muscle car, offering high-performance variants like the Shelby GT350 and Boss 302. However, in response to rising fuel costs and emissions standards in the 1970s, the Mustang moved to smaller, more efficient designs before resuming its performance roots in the 1980s and beyond.
The document summarizes the design changes and improvements to the Chevrolet Corvair between the 1960-1964 and 1965-1969 model years. Key changes included a redesigned exterior styling in 1965 that improved its appearance, the addition of a 180-horsepower turbocharged engine option, and an upgrade to fully independent rear suspension compared to the previous swing-axle design.
The document summarizes the history and evolution of the Mini brand from its first sale in Texas in 1959 to BMW taking over production in 2001. It notes key years and models throughout Mini's history under British Motor Corporation, addressing changes in price, quality, comfort and features. The summary concludes that the UK Prime Minister recently drove the two millionth Mini Cooper convertible off the assembly line in Oxford.
Paul Katsus studies and documents sports cars and muscle cars from the 1960s-1970s. In 1969, Mercury produced the Cyclone CJ muscle car with the 428 Cobra Jet engine to compete with the Dodge GTX and Plymouth Road Runner. The Cyclone CJ could reach over 100 MPH and quarter mile times of under 14 seconds. Mercury only sold around 2,175 Cyclone CJ models that year. The rare Super Cobra Jet option included an upgraded engine with stronger components. Paul Katsus considers the 1969 Mercury Cyclone to be one of the most collectible Mercury models.
California built 1958 chevy apache retains vintage, restoration appealFrank Benaderet
The document discusses a 1958 Chevy Apache pickup truck that was recently restored by a certified green builder, Frank Benaderet, and his son. Key details about the Chevy Apache model include that it was a light-duty truck produced in California with updated styling, engines, and optional four-wheel drive and air conditioning compared to previous Chevrolet truck models from 1958.
Triumph began producing motorcycles in 1902 with a single cylinder engine bolted to a bicycle frame. By 1909, they introduced the first bike with a clutch, allowing riders to start the engine without pedaling. During World War I, Triumph produced over 30,000 of their Model H bikes for Allied forces. In the 1930s, Triumph introduced the parallel twin Speed Twin motorcycle which set the trend for other manufacturers. Throughout the 20th century, Triumph motorcycles gained popularity through racing successes and appearances in films, but the company faced financial struggles and shut down production in the 1980s before being resurrected in the 1990s under new ownership. Today, Triumph continues as the only all-British owned motorcycle manufacturer
The third-generation Ford Galaxy has outstanding engines that provide powerful and comfortable driving. It has a reputation for strong engine performance and advanced technology features, along with a spacious interior. The Galaxy offers different engine options including EcoBoost petrol and diesel selections that provide a wonderful driving experience.
Chapter 20 introducing new market offerings reyesRosalia Reyes
The document discusses the stages of new product development and concept testing. It provides examples of the different stages, including:
1) Idea generation, which starts the process by searching for ideas.
2) Concept development and testing, where product concepts are elaborated in consumer terms and tested to get consumer reactions.
3) Concept testing involves presenting the product concept symbolically or physically to target consumers to understand benefits, value, and purchase intention.
This document provides an introduction to Twitter, explaining what it is, why it is important, how to create an account and tweet, and some best practices for using it. It notes that Twitter has over 6 million users and 55 million monthly visitors, and is a way to connect with colleagues, market products and services, and share industry news and job opportunities. It recommends tweeting 5-10 times per day and avoiding over-tweeting which could be seen as spam.
The document provides a summary of Patrick Klausing's contact information, professional experience, technical skills, and education. It outlines his experience as an IT Analyst and Software Developer with over 30 years of experience developing systems for supply chain, order entry, and other business applications. Key skills include COBOL, SQL, DB2, IMS, CICS, and mainframe software.
This document outlines a 20-year marketing plan and journey for Mellow Lea PR Enterprises, an accounting and auditing firm. The plan discusses the vision, mission, roles, and historical performance. It also outlines goals for the next 20 years which include graduating with an MBA, becoming a managing partner, owning a car and condo unit, and traveling abroad. The document emphasizes focusing on the journey, not the destination, and describes how the founder has become more mature and level-headed over time.
This document provides a summary of Patrick Klausing's professional experience and qualifications. It includes his contact information, over 30 years of experience in IT consulting roles, and expertise in various technologies including COBOL, DB2, CICS, Java, and XML. He has extensive experience designing and developing systems for clients in various industries such as manufacturing, insurance, and transportation.
What is your personal response to change at work and how does it fit with our People Through Change model. From Winners to Aliens what type are you and what does it mean?
This document discusses tourism theory and practice. It defines tourism as the activities, services, and industries related to travel, including transportation, lodging, food, entertainment, and more. Tourism involves the temporary movement of people outside their normal area for work or residence. Key aspects of tourism include attractions that motivate travel, facilities that serve tourists, transportation to destinations, and the time and money required for tourism. Fields of tourism action include attractions, facilities, infrastructure, transportation and hospitality.
The document provides a history of important Nissan vehicles through the decades, beginning with the first recorded Japanese automobile in 1904. It then summarizes several iconic Nissan models from the 1960s to present day, including the Datsun 240Z, Nissan GT-R, Nissan LEAF, 240SX, Datsun 1500, Skyline GT-R, Datsun 510, 300ZX, Maxima, and Altima. The document highlights these vehicles' performance specifications and significance in establishing Nissan as a leader in affordable, high-quality sports cars and family sedans.
I inherited from my father two collector cars : FIAT Balilla and AMILCAR.I continue this hobby, starting with an Austin Sprite and following other vehicles. My son also continued this hobby. Gradually we decided to leave the collection by the many problems of space, maitenance and insurance cost.
Today still have in my studio a collection of Model Cars Scale :143 and 1/18.
This document provides a summary of some of the most popular classic and modern classic vehicles from the UK and US. It begins by looking at some of the most endangered British cars from the past including the Austin Allegro, Austin Montego, and Hillman Avenger. Next it discusses some of the most popular classics from both the UK and US, including the Porsche 944, Triumph Spitfire, Jaguar E-Type, Ford Cortina, Mini, and from the US, the 1969 Chevrolet Camaro, 1964 Ford Mustang, and 1964 Chevrolet Impala. It concludes with the Rolls Royce Phantom as a top price motor from the UK.
Toyota has produced several iconic sports cars over the years, including the GT 2000, Celica, MR2, Supra, Altezza, AE-86, and GT-FOUR. The document highlights some of the key details about these models, such as the GT 2000 being Toyota's first "Japanese super car" and the Supra's legendary 2JZ-GTE twin turbo inline-six engine. It concludes by mentioning the upcoming FT-86, a modern revival of the AE-86 concept that will be jointly developed with Subaru.
Toyota has produced several iconic sports cars over the years, including the GT 2000, Celica, MR2, Supra, Altezza, AE-86, and GT-FOUR. The document highlights some of the key details about these models, such as the GT 2000 being Toyota's first "Japanese super car" and the Supra's legendary 2JZ-GTE twin turbo inline-six engine. It concludes by mentioning the upcoming FT-86, a modern revival of the AE-86 concept that will be jointly developed with Subaru.
This document provides information about the Nissan 350Z sports car. It discusses the background and concept models that led to the 350Z. It describes the design and layout of the 350Z, including the front-mid engine rear-wheel drive layout. It outlines the different models and trim packages available. It provides specifications for the 350Z including engine, transmission, dimensions, and sales figures by year. Finally, it lists some of the awards and recognition received by the 350Z.
The first Nissan Skyline GT race car was introduced in 1964 under Prince Motors and became a Nissan in 1966 after Prince and Nissan merged. The Skyline made its performance debut at the 1969 Tokyo Motor Show. While the precursor to the GT-R was introduced in 1957 by Prince Motors as a four-door luxury vehicle, the Skyline was not officially a Nissan until the companies merged. The GT-R version was used for car racing while the four-door ER version was aimed at families and transportation.
The document discusses several car manufacturers and models:
- The Nissan 370Z is the sixth generation of Nissan's Z-car line, succeeding the 350Z.
- Lotus Cars is a British manufacturer known for sports cars like the Esprit and Elise. It is now owned by Malaysian company Proton.
- The Mazda MX-5 is a lightweight two-seater roadster conceived as a modern evolution of classic British and Italian sports cars. Over 900,000 have been sold worldwide since its 1989 debut.
- The Toyota Supra was produced from 1978 to 2002 and was derived from but longer than the Toyota Celica, becoming its own model in 1986. It
This document discusses several cars that were modified or produced in unusual ways, often making otherwise ordinary cars worse. It describes a Proton Satria Neo that was modified by Lotus and given racing aesthetics but kept the underpowered engine. It also mentions an Irmscher-modified East German Wartburg from 1990 that got performance parts but still looked questionable, and a Mitsuoka-modified Nissan Micra with Jaguar-inspired styling that unexpectedly sold well in Japan. Overall the document critiques various attempts to make performance or luxury versions of inexpensive cars that were unlikely to improve the driving experience.
This 1929 IsottaFraschini Tipo 8A Roadster with chassis #1462 was originally owned by opera singer Sergio Franchi and was part of his collection of classic cars. It was damaged in a fire at his home and later underwent an extensive restoration by Colonel Rudy Langer between 1982-1997, costing $650,000. The IsottaFraschini was one of the most expensive and desirable cars in the 1920s-1930s, owned by royalty and celebrities, known for luxury and high performance.
Abarth was an Italian racing car maker founded by Carlo Abarth in the 1920s. It was quite successful in hillclimbing and sports car racing in the 1960s competing against Porsche and Ferrari. Abarth also produced performance parts for road vehicles. In 1971 Abarth was sold to Fiat and became Fiat's racing department, producing branded models using Fiat, Lancia, and Autobianchi vehicles.
The document provides details about various events held at the Goodwood Festival of Speed in the UK, including the hill climb, soapbox challenge, forest rally stage, Michelin Supercar Paddock, and Arena event. It discusses when these events started and how they have evolved over time, with some events no longer occurring or having adjustments made to improve the experience. The document also briefly mentions the Cartier Style et Luxe event at the festival.
The automotive industry began in the late 19th century with hundreds of manufacturers pioneering the development of motor vehicles. Motorcycles were also developed starting in the late 19th century. By the early 20th century, major motorcycle manufacturers emerged in Europe and the US. During World War 1, motorcycle production increased significantly to support military operations. In the postwar period, Harley-Davidson became the largest motorcycle manufacturer. Today, the motorcycle industry is dominated by Chinese and Japanese companies, while the Indian market is led by Hero MotoCorp, Bajaj, and TVS Motors. The automotive industry in India is also large and growing, led by two-wheelers.
The document provides a history of motoring and highlights some popular classic and modern car models:
1) Motoring originated in the early 1800s with basic carriages but cars evolved in the early 1900s to have engines in the front, making them more elegant.
2) The Ford Model T, produced from 1908-1927, was the first affordable car for the masses and was produced using assembly line processes.
3) In the post-war era from 1946-1979, cars advanced with new technologies, and brands like Cadillac, Ferrari emerged, leading to the popular Ford Mustang muscle car.
4) Popular classic car models mentioned include the 1956 Chevrolet Belair and 1963 Ford
The document provides a history of motoring and describes several iconic car models from different eras:
- It traces the origin of motoring to the early 1800s, when the first cars resembled carriages. Cars began incorporating front-mounted engines in the 1910s, making them more elegant.
- Iconic early 20th century cars included the Ford Model T, the first affordable car mass produced on assembly lines, and the 1934 Ford Model B with improved engines from the Model A.
- Cars from 1946-1979 saw advances in design and new technologies, including the introduction of V8 engines. Popular brands and muscle cars like the Ford Mustang emerged.
- Well-known 1950
1. The first motorcycle was created in 1885 by Gottlieb Daimler in Germany. It had four wheels and was powered by an internal combustion engine.
2. Early motorcycles gained popularity for transportation and military use in the early 1900s. Harley-Davidson began mass producing motorcycles in the United States in 1903.
3. Japanese motorcycle companies like Honda and Kawasaki began dominating the market in the 1960s-1970s with more advanced engine and suspension technology. There are various types of motorcycles used for different purposes.
Kawasaki began as an aircraft manufacturer in 1949 and produced their first motorcycle in 1954. In the 1960s, they acquired another Japanese motorcycle company called Meguro and began producing larger motorcycles up to 650cc, but had limited success. By the late 1960s and early 1970s, Kawasaki started having more success with bikes like the 500cc H1 and landmark 900cc Z1, which helped them become a major player in motorcycles. Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, Kawasaki continued developing powerful sport bikes and became serious competitors in the super bike market with motorcycles like the ZZR1100.
Kawasaki was originally founded in 1896 as a shipbuilding company in Japan. It began producing motorcycles in the 1950s and has since developed many iconic models. Kawasaki has enjoyed a long partnership with Bajaj Auto in India, with Bajaj producing and selling Kawasaki-designed bikes through Kawasaki's distribution network. Kawasaki and Bajaj have now launched the 2012 Ninja 650R motorcycle in India, priced at Rs. 4,99,834. The Ninja 650R is Kawasaki's grown-up version of the Ninja featuring a 649cc engine producing 71 bhp and stylish full fairing design elements carrying on the unique Ninja characteristics.
Nissan motor company angel franganillo me2rogepc1963
Nissan is a Japanese automaker headquartered in Yokohama. It sells cars under the Nissan, Infiniti, and Datsun brands. Notable models include the Skyline GT-R, 350Z, 370Z, and GT-R. Nissan has a performance division called Nismo that produces high-performance versions of Nissan cars. Nissan has been part of an alliance with Renault and Mitsubishi since 1999.
Implementing ELDs or Electronic Logging Devices is slowly but surely becoming the norm in fleet management. Why? Well, integrating ELDs and associated connected vehicle solutions like fleet tracking devices lets businesses and their in-house fleet managers reap several benefits. Check out the post below to learn more.
Dahua provides a comprehensive guide on how to install their security camera systems. Learn about the different types of cameras and system components, as well as the installation process.
Expanding Access to Affordable At-Home EV Charging by Vanessa WarheitForth
Vanessa Warheit, Co-Founder of EV Charging for All, gave this presentation at the Forth Addressing The Challenges of Charging at Multi-Family Housing webinar on June 11, 2024.
Charging Fueling & Infrastructure (CFI) Program by Kevin MillerForth
Kevin Miller, Senior Advisor, Business Models of the Joint Office of Energy and Transportation gave this presentation at the Forth and Electrification Coalition CFI Grant Program - Overview and Technical Assistance webinar on June 12, 2024.
EV Charging at MFH Properties by Whitaker JamiesonForth
Whitaker Jamieson, Senior Specialist at Forth, gave this presentation at the Forth Addressing The Challenges of Charging at Multi-Family Housing webinar on June 11, 2024.
Charging and Fueling Infrastructure Grant: Round 2 by Brandt HertensteinForth
Brandt Hertenstein, Program Manager of the Electrification Coalition gave this presentation at the Forth and Electrification Coalition CFI Grant Program - Overview and Technical Assistance webinar on June 12, 2024.
Welcome to ASP Cranes, your trusted partner for crane solutions in Raipur, Chhattisgarh! With years of experience and a commitment to excellence, we offer a comprehensive range of crane services tailored to meet your lifting and material handling needs.
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Understanding Catalytic Converter Theft:
What is a Catalytic Converter?: Learn about the function of catalytic converters in vehicles and why they are targeted by thieves.
Why are They Stolen?: Discover the valuable metals inside catalytic converters (such as platinum, palladium, and rhodium) that make them attractive to criminals.
Steps to Prevent Catalytic Converter Theft:
Parking Strategies: Tips on where and how to park your vehicle to reduce the risk of theft, such as parking in well-lit areas or secure garages.
Protective Devices: Overview of various anti-theft devices available, including catalytic converter locks, shields, and alarms.
Etching and Marking: The benefits of etching your vehicle’s VIN on the catalytic converter or using a catalytic converter marking kit to make it traceable and less appealing to thieves.
Surveillance and Monitoring: Recommendations for using security cameras and motion-sensor lights to deter thieves.
Statistics and Insights:
Theft Rates by Borough: Analysis of data to determine which borough in NYC experiences the highest rate of catalytic converter thefts.
Recent Trends: Current trends and patterns in catalytic converter thefts to help you stay aware of emerging hotspots and tactics used by thieves.
Benefits of This Presentation:
Awareness: Increase your awareness about catalytic converter theft and its impact on vehicle owners.
Practical Tips: Gain actionable insights and tips to effectively prevent catalytic converter theft.
Local Insights: Understand the specific risks in different NYC boroughs, helping you take targeted preventive measures.
This presentation aims to equip you with the knowledge and tools needed to protect your vehicle from catalytic converter theft, ensuring you are prepared and proactive in safeguarding your property.
Charging Fueling & Infrastructure (CFI) Program Resources by Cat PleinForth
Cat Plein, Development & Communications Director of Forth, gave this presentation at the Forth and Electrification Coalition CFI Grant Program - Overview and Technical Assistance webinar on June 12, 2024.
1. Nissan Sunny
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For the Nissan Sunny sold in European markets during this period, see N14 Pulsar
Datsun 1200 Coupé, B110 Series
The Nissan Sunny is a small car from Nissan. It was launched in 1966 as the Datsun 1000
and although production in Japan ended in 2004, it remains in production today for the
African and American markets. In the US, the later models were known as the Nissan
Sentra; in Latin America, the Sunny is known as the Nissan Tsuru.[1]
The Sunny fit neatly
into Nissan model line. It was larger than the supermini Nissan March (Micra) models, but
not as big as the compact Bluebird models. The latest versions of the Sunny were larger
than the early models, and may be considered compact cars. Earlier versions (through at
least the B11 series) were subcompact cars. All Sunnys through the 1982 model year
(except as noted below) used Nissan A engine motors.
Confusingly, the "Sunny" name has been used on other Nissan models not part of the
Sunny (B-series) family, notably various export versions of the Nissan Pulsar model line.
Contents
[hide]
1 B10 series
2 B20 series
3 B110 series
4 PB110 series
5 B120 series Sunny Truck
6 B140 series Bakkie
7 B210 series
8 B310 series
9 B11 series
o 9.1 Nissan Vanette
2. o 9.2 Appearances on Top Gear and Clarkson: Unleashed On Cars
10 B12 series
11 B13 series
12 B14 series
13 B15 series
14 Sunny name used with some Pulsar models
15 References
16 External links
[edit] B10 series
First generation (B10)
Also called Datsun 1000
Production 1966–1969
Body style(s)
2-door sedan
4-door sedan
2-door station wagon
2-door coupé
Layout FR layout
Engine(s) 988 cc I4, 56 hp (Coupé: 60 hp)
Transmission(s) 4-speed manual all-synchromesh.[2]
Wheelbase 2280 mm (89.8 in)
Length 3820 mm (150.4 in)
Width 1445 mm (56.9 in)
Height 1,295 mm (51 in)
3. Curb weight 625-705 kg (1380-1556 lb)
The first Nissan Sunny, exported as the Datsun 1000, was launched in September 1966,
with two body styles, a two-door sedan (B10) and a van/station wagon (VB10). These were
available in both a "Standard" and "Deluxe" version, featuring drum brakes, conventional
leaf springs at the rear and wishbone type independent front end. The front end used a
single transverse leaf spring.
The car featured a 4-cylinder in-line engine – the A10 – with a total displacement of 988 cc
and a 4-speed gearbox.
The 1968 model, introduced in October 1967 added to the lineup the four door sedan (B10)
in both DeLuxe and Standard form. October 1968 saw the new 1969 models released with a
new coupé (the KB10) added. Marketed as a "Sunny Coupé" in Japan, it was available in a
wide variety of levels from "Standard", to "GL" (ostensibly "Grande Luxe"). The range of
factory options and accessories was by this time vast. Total horsepower in the 1968 model
was claimed to be 62 hp (46 kW) at 6000 rpm.
All of the other models got new grilles and larger tail lights, which now included reversing
lights in the van/wagon model.
The only other country that seems to have received the coupé is Australia, where it was
marketed as the "Datsun 1000 Coupé". It was well equipped, and was available only in the
Deluxe level of trim. The Australian Deluxe model came standard with many inclusions
that were available only as options in the Japanese model. The engine in the coupé had
higher compression, a different Hitachi carburettor, and a dual outlet exhaust manifold.
These changes increased its power output to 66 hp (a 4 hp (3 kW), or 6.5% increase over
other models).
Unlike the other models, the coupé was only ever made in right drive.
July 1969 saw the release of the slightly different (cosmetically) 1970 models which left the
1969 model run at only nine months. No additional models were added, and production
ceased in December 1969, cutting the 1970 model run at only six months.
[edit] B20 series
The Sunny Truck debuted in October 1968 and was the light commercial truck variation of
the B10 passenger models. It was based on the VB10 Van chassis, and is a body style
which is correctly known as a (Japanese: Coupé Utility). This is known as a "Ute" in
Australia and "Sunny Truck" in Japan.
Being a commercial model, these were only ever available in Standard trim. The equipment
was basic, but this kept the price low.
4. The B20 used the same wheelbase and running gear of the Datsun 1000 VB10 van.
[edit] B110 series
Datsun B110 Series
Manufacturer Nissan
Also called Datsun 1200
Production 1970–1976
Class Subcompact
Body style(s)
2-door Coupé
2-door sedan
4-door sedan
4-door wagon
2-door wagon
Layout FR layout
Engine(s)
1.2L A12
1.2L A12T
Transmission(s)
3-speed automatic
3-speed manual
4-speed manual
5-speed manual
Wheelbase 2300 mm (90 in.)
Length 3830 mm (152 in.)
Width 1495 mm (59.6 in.)
5. Height 1390 mm (53.1 in.)
Curb weight 700 kg (1640 lbs)
The second-generation Sunny launched in 1970 and was also known as the Datsun 1200.
This new model was slightly larger in all dimensions to match its market rival, the equally
popular Toyota Corolla.
The Datsun 1200 featured MacPherson strut front suspension with optional disc brakes and
an economical 1.2-liter A12-series engine. A 5-door station wagon was added to the Sunny
range in addition to the 3-door wagon. In April 1970 a GX Grand Luxury trim with twin-
carburetor engine was added for the Japan domestic market. In January 1972 a minor
facelift occurred in the Japan market with a new hood, grille and other small modifications
and equipment fitting. In August 1972, the GX-5 model was added in Japan, which
improved on the GX by fitting a direct-fifth (non-overdrive) five-speed manual
transmission. For the 1973 model year, USA models were re-specified with energy-
absorbing bumpers, fire-resistant interiors and other government-mandated safety items.
The B110 made its racing debut at the Fuji 200 Mile race November 23, 1970 in the
TS1300 class. In this class which was effectively a Toyota Corolla monopolistic state it was
challenged by only one Nissan works car, but with beautiful victory for driver Suzuki
Makoto.
In Australia and New Zealand, the Datsun 1200 was highly regarded for conversion to a
2WD rally car. The Datsun 1600 generally rated highest among entry-level Datsuns, and
the 1200 a close second.[3]
The Datsun 1200 was the most fuel-efficient vehicle in the United States in 1973,[4]
as rated
by the government at 28.7 mpg-US (8.20 L/100 km; 34.5 mpg-imp) in overall driving pattern.
It achieved 37.9 mpg-US (6.21 L/100 km; 45.5 mpg-imp) in highway driving.[5]
At its United
States introduction, it was the lowest price car at $1866. (Road & Track magazine,
November 1970)
In Mexico, the Sunny B110 was marketed as the Nissan Sentra.
In South Africa, the B110 was sold through 1976. A pick up (bakkie) derivative, featuring a
1400 cc engine, was sold until 2008 when emissions laws forced the end of its production.
In New Zealand, a special edition Datsun 1200 SSS 4-door sedan with twin side-draft
Delorto 40mm carburetors and other racy features was marketed.
In Portugal, a special Datsun 1200 S1 2-door sedan was marketed.
In North America (US and Canada), there were an average of 44,000 Datsun 1200s sold
each year for three model years, 1971-1973.
6. Coupé total sales: 89,541
2-door sedan total sales: 43,761
Reference: Nissan model guide sheet
[edit] PB110 series
April 4, 1971, halfway through the model year, the Sunny Excellent (PB110 series) debuted
for the Japan domestic market. It was based on the B110, but with new hood, fenders and
grille, and featured a SOHC 1.4-litre Nissan L engine. The front overhang was extended
130 mm (5.1 in) and the wheelbase 40 mm (1.6 in). In Mexico this was marketed as the
Sentra 1400.
At the Tokyo motor show, October 19, 1972, a Sunny Excellent with Nissan's two-rotor
Wankel rotary engine was exhibited (Article on Datsun1200.com). Wheels magazine drove
this car on the race track.
[edit] B120 series Sunny Truck
Nissan GB121 Sunny Truck
The B120 commercial truck debuted in February 1971, based on the B110 passenger car
chassis. The B120 used the same wheelbase and running gear of the Datsun 1200 sedans,
coupé and wagon models. Initially it used the same stainless steel grille as the 1200 sedan,
and the rectangular gauges of the Standard model B110s. Both regular (B120) and long-bed
(GB120) models were offered. After the 1200 car series ceased production the B120
continued. Interestingly, in certain markets the B120 was actually badged as 120Y, to
correspond as part of the updated 120Y range. The B120 ute was sold in Australia until
1985. It was marketed in New Zealand during the 1980s in two trims: RoadStar and
SportStar. This model was known as a bakkie in South Africa. It's capable of 49 mpg-US
(4.8 L/100 km; 59 mpg-imp)).
7. In 1978, in the Japan market the B121 model replaced the B120, with the most notable
change being a switch to a plastic grille of the type used by the B110 Coupé. Also notable
was a change to upscale round instrumentation.
Nissan GB122 Sunny Truck
In November 1989, an updated B122 and GB122 (longbed) models replaced the B121.
Prominent among changes was a switch from round headlights to rectangular ones (along
with new grille to accommodate this change). However other significant changes included:
front disc brakes
catalytic converters
NOx Conforming (emission controlled) models RB122 and RGB122 the A12
engine.
[edit] B140 series Bakkie
Nissan 1400 B140 Bakkie
The Sunny Truck lived on in South Africa for a total of 37 years (launched there in 1971).
The B140 variation, with 1.4-liter A14 engine, was manufactured up until 2008 by Nissan
South Africa as the Nissan LDV 1400 (Light Delivery Vehicle). The 1400 Bakkie saw
many changes in its long career. The main ones were a 5 speed manual gearbox, power
assisted disc brakes, and a roof height extension to accommodate taller South Africans. A
8. sport model of the 1400 Bakkie was marketed as the "Champ". This model had appropriate
side striping, individual seats, a rev counter, and central handbrake. This vehicle had two
popular local nicknames, either just plain "1400" (all South Africans know this) or
"kanniedood" which translated from Afrikaans means "Cannot Die", a testament to its
reliability. The 1400 Bakkie was replaced late in 2008 by the "NP200", a derivative of a
Romanian Dacia passenger saloon (sold as a Renault Logan in the same market). A major
departure for the "Nissan Bakkie" is that the new model is front wheel drive (FWD),
whereas the original was rear wheel drive (RWD) - a major selling point of the vehicle in
South Africa where it was the only RWD bakkie in its class for many years and where
"RWD" adds a lot of ownership macho. A long standing marketing credo was "put the
power where the load is" (similar wording).[6]
The 1400 Bakkie was assembled by Nissan
in Rosslyn, South Africa (Nissan).[7]
[edit] B210 series
Datsun B210 Series
Manufacturer Datsun
Also called Datsun B-210, 120Y, 140Y, Sunny
Production 1973–1983
Class Subcompact
Body style(s)
2-door Coupé
2-door sedan
4-door sedan
2-door panel van
2-door wagon
Layout FR layout
Engine(s)
1.2L A12
1.3L A13
9. 1.4L A14
1.4L L14
1.6L L16
1.6L L16T
Transmission(s)
3-speed automatic
3-, 4- or 5-speed manual
Wheelbase 2,340 mm (92.1 in)
Length
3,950 mm (155.5 in)[8]
4,080 mm (160.6 in) (with US bumpers)
Width 1,545 mm (60.8 in)
Height 1,360 mm (53.5 in)
Curb weight 2,000 lb (907 kg)
Exported as the Datsun 120Y and Datsun B-210 (in North America), the third generation
(1973–1978) Sunny was extremely popular as it debuted during the gas crisis of the 1970s.
Six body styles were offered: the 4-door sedan, 2-door sedan, 2-door hatchback coupé, 2-
door wagon, 4-door wagon and 2-door van. The coupé still retained fastback styling, but
now featured a full hatchback door rather than the small trunk lid of the previous generation
Sunny. The wagon and van were not offered in North America.
The Sunny continued to be the fuel-economy leader in North America and one of the least
expensive cars available. This was in part due to the light metal; small A12 or A14 engine
with OHV technology; and a very basic vinyl interior used in its construction. At the time,
their body styles were popular with buyers - mainly the hatchback coupe as the sedans were
considered by some to be less appealing. American B210s were the first Sunny's to have
the larger 30 mph collision bumpers- due to the US's safety standards at the time. Other
markets continued with the more tightly fit chrome bumpers.
The "Datsun Honeybee" and The "Datsun SSS" were limited edition B-210s; the Honeybee
being released in only in North America and the SSS in New Zealand and Australia. Both
only featured minor aesthetic differences to the regular b-210. Nonetheless these models
are now considered collector's items among Datsun enthusiasts.
Although regular production in Japan as well as sales in most countries ended with the
1978 model year, the B210 series continued to be produced by Nissan South Africa through
1980.
The 1978 B-210 (American model) with 5-speed transmission was rated by the
at 50 mpg-US (4.7 L/100 km; 60 mpg-imp) highway
fuel economy.
10. The 120Y was sharply criticized by magazines such as Wheels of Australia, which felt that
it offered no true improvement on its predecessor, not surprising given that the B110
platform was carried over, but used a slightly revised A12 engine. Like some Nissans of
this period, it tended to be overstyled.
The related Sunny Excellents continued as PB210 models, fitted with a 1.4-litre L14
engine. In 1976 Nissan changed the Sunny Excellent from a distinct vehicle model (PB210)
to simply a trim-level option for the regular B210, now fitted with 1.6-liter L16 engine.
Road & Track was somewhat critical of the B-210 in their 1975 test[citation needed]
. They
criticized the "modest performance" of the "peppy" engine, but were impressed with its
27 mpg-US (8.7 L/100 km; 32 mpg-imp) fuel economy. B210 pricing started at US$2849 that
year.
This chassis formed the basis for the S10 chassis on the Nissan Silvia.
US-market models were fitted with these A-series engines (years given are model years):
1974: A13 engine, 1.3 L (1288 cc) OHV I4
1975-1978: A14 engine, 1.4 L (1397 cc) OHV I4, various horsepower ratings from
65-85 hp
In most markets, the B210 line featured as the only engine option a re-designed A12
engine. However, in the South African market they also featured L14 and L16 engine
options, as well as a special edition of B210 coupé badged as a 140Z and a 160Z. The 140Z
and 160Z featured twin SU carburetors and a 5-speed transmission.
1974–1977 Datsun 120Y
(B210) sedan (Australia)
11. 1974–1977 Datsun 120Y
(B210) sedan (Australia)
[edit] B310 series
Datsun B310 Series
Manufacturer Nissan
Also called Sunny, Datsun 210, 120Y, 130Y, 140Y, 150Y
Production 1978–1982
Class Subcompact
Body style(s)
2-door coupé
2-door sedan
4-door sedan
12. 5-door wagon
5-door wagon (fastback)
3-door panel van
Layout FR layout
Engine(s)
A12 A12A
A13
A14
A15
Transmission(s)
3-speed automatic
4- or 5-speed manual
Wheelbase 2,340 mm (92.1 in)
Length 4,190 mm (165.0 in)
Width 1,580 mm (62.2 in)
Height 1,365 mm (53.7 in)
Curb weight 2,000 lb (907 kg)
The final rear-wheel-drive Sunny from model year 1978 to 1982 featured numerous
variants, including a fastback station wagon as well as more squared-off, utilitarian models
with three and five doors, a coupé, and two- and four-door sedans. These models appeared
with Datsun 120Y, 130Y, 140Y and 150Y badges in some markets (depending on engine
size) though Sunny was increasingly used for export, too. The North American version was
marketed as the Datsun 210. The B310 was known for its high equipment levels and build
quality at the time. It was available with the same A-series engines as its predecessor
although the B210's optional 63 series 5-speed transmission was replaced with the smaller
60 series unit. The leaf spring rear suspension was discontinued and the live axle was now
suspended using a coil spring four-link configuration. In 1980, the B310 was given a mild
facelift, with a smoothed off front end, a grille with square headlamps, and a redesigned
dashboard.
In North America, the only wagon offered was the fastback version. In Japan, this fastback
wagon was a special model called the Sunny California, aimed at private buyers unlike the
square-backed 3-and 5-door Sunny Van (although in JDM form they were always fully
glazed and usually had a back seat) meant for the long-standing Japanese commercial
wagon market. In most other markets the more traditional two-box wagon was offered,
13. either alone or alongside the fastback, and some countries where "no rear side glass" was
part of a legal definition of a "light truck" got panelled-in versions of the 3-door.
This model marked the first and only time the "Sunny" name was used in Australia.
This chassis, along with the A10 chassis on the 160J/Violet/Stanza formed the basis for the
S110 chassis on the Nissan Silvia.
In most markets, the A12 engine was the only, or most common engine offered. However
B310s in various markets were fitted with the following A-series engines:
A12 (1171 cc, not offered in North America)
A12A (1237 cc, North America only)
A13 (Short Deck Engine)
A14
A15
In North America, the Datsun 210 engine line ups were as follows:
1979 - A12A or A14
1980-1982 - A12A, A14 or A15
The special MPG model was a small-port A15 with 5-speed transmission and achieved
47 mpg-US (5.0 L/100 km; 56 mpg-imp) per US standards.
[edit] B11 series
Nissan Sentra, B11 Series
14. 1986 Nissan Sunny Spirit, B11 (European model)
The B11s were the first front-wheel-drive Sunnys—predating the same shift to front-wheel
drive by their main Toyota Corolla rival—and were exported to the United States as the
Nissan Sentra from the 1982 model year onwards.
The B11 series was regarded as one of Nissan's most modern ranges at the time, and was
the first to abandon the Datsun name formally (though a small 'Datsun' still appeared on
boot lids for the first two years). The wagon was known in its home market as the Nissan
Sunny California. It was launched in late 1981 and continued into 1985.
The B11 was the first Mexico-market Sunny to be named Tsuru.
A further spin-off from the Sunny line was the (Japanese: Nissan Laurel Spirit), which
was essentially a rebadged Sunny sedan designed to capitalize on the premium image of the
larger Laurel line.
Yet another spin-off from the Sunny line was the "Nissan Sunny Maxima", which was sold
only in limited numbers in the United Kingdom, and was totally unrelated to the "Bluebird
Maxima", which was simply just sold as the "Maxima" in the United States, and continues
to be its own model spun off from the Bluebird range to this day. However, the "Sunny
Maxima" line in the United Kingdom did not have any comparison to the "Bluebird
Maxima" line in any shape or form. The "Sunny Maxima" line consisted only of upgrades
such as a sunroof, enhanced exterior trim, only available with a 5-speed manual, chrome
tailpipe, dual waveband radio meeting United Kingdom radio authority specifications, and
deluxe carpeted floor mats, whereas the "Bluebird Maxima" line consisted of lengthened
front end and overhang for first the L-series inline-6, then the VG in later generations as
front wheel drive, sportier, crisper suspension for Fairlady Z like ride and handling, and a
semi-luxury interior and features such as power seats, leather, automatic suspension
control, and in some generations, a digital electronic instrument cluster, and has been
known in the United States as the "4-door Fairlady Z", and the current generation now long
spun off from the Bluebird line to this day as the "4-door Sports Car {4DSC}[9]
[edit] Nissan Vanette
15. A completely unrelated vehicle – albeit using a similar drivetrain to the previous B310
Sunny – the Sunny-Vanette, was introduced in 1979. This was exported to most markets as
the Datsun C20 van. It later became the cabover Nissan Vanette.
In 1981, a vehicle not related to the Sunny, the cabover Vanette, was introduced. It was
exported to most markets as the Datsun C20 van. Later, the name of this vehicle was
changed to simply Nissan Vanette. Eventually, this van was replaced by the Mazda Bongo
(also known as the E-series), which was sold under an OEM licensing deal as the Vanette.
Yet another vehicle, the Vanette Cargo, was sold under the Vanette name, in Europe as
well. This van was based upon the Nissan Serena, and was unrelated to either the Sunny or
the C20 van.
The Sunny 5-door station wagon was also introduced as a delivery van called the Nissan
AD van, using the E15S, the E13S, and the CD17 diesel engine.
[edit] Appearances on Top Gear and Clarkson: Unleashed On Cars
In 1996, Jeremy Clarkson (of Top Gear fame) declared the Nissan Sunny to be the "worst
car in the world, ever" and destroyed one by flinging it from a trebuchet pulled by a tractor.
In 2003, on Top Gear, presenter Richard Hammond also proclaimed the Sunny to be the
worst car ever, and had a Sunny incinerated by the exhaust fumes of a rocket car. Their
main motivation being the dull design and driving experience of the Sunny making it a car
of "no soul or character".
[edit] B12 series
From 1985, the B12 was not as widely exported, apart from the station wagon model. This
line is characterized by its squared-off styling, which was very unfashionable by the mid-
1980s[citation needed]
. The angular styling was insisted upon by Nissan's design chief at the
time and contributed to the automaker's increasingly poor sales of the period. A four-wheel-
drive variant was introduced during this generation. It is also known as Sentra in some
markets, and was sold in Mexico as the Nissan Hikari.
In October 1986, European markets saw the B11 Sunny replaced by a rebadged N13 Pulsar
in hatchback and saloon form (the hatchback replacing the previous N12 Pulsar, sold as the
Cherry in this market). These were sold alongside the B12 Sunny estate and coupé.
The B12 series Sentra remained the mainstream C-segment Nissan in North America
throughout its' run, although the models available dwindled over the years. At launch,
sedans were available in two-door base or XE or 4-door XE or GXE models, along with
two trim levels each of the coupe and FWD wagon, a short-overhang 3-door hatchback and
an AWD wagon; by 1990 only one model each of the coupe, 4 door sedan and FWD
wagon, plus two 2-door sedans (one with the same trim as the others and one extra-basic
price leader) remained.
16. The "Sunny California"-style fastback was the only B12 wagon; the B11 "Sunny Van"
continued in those markets where it was previously offered.
17. [edit] B13 series
1991 Nissan Sunny GTS ver.1 JDM model
The B13 was introduced in 1990 and retained many of the B12's ideas but in a more
rounded, up-to-date body. It was particularly successful in the United States where the
sports model two-door Sentra SE-R was marketed by Nissan of America as a latter-day
BMW 2002. The car is still being made in Mexico, where is it sold as the Tsuru, for
domestic and export markets (in Chile and Peru as Nissan V16), and is quite popular
among cab drivers for its reliability and low maintenance costs. It was also part of the
image of the former Mexico City mayor Andrés Manuel López Obrador, who drives a
white Tsuru. In Taiwan, it is known as the Nissan 331.
The Nissan Sunny California wagon was discontinued and replaced with the Nissan
Wingroad, a small family wagon based on the Nissan Sunny AD commercial delivery van.
Many units of the Nissan V16 in Chile are said to have lasted at least 500.000 or up to
700.000 km under worst conditions without opening the engine block for adjustments.
18. In Mexico, the Nissan Tsuru is still the best selling car in its category as it’s much bigger
and cheaper in maintenance than its direct competitors: the Volkswagen Pointer and the
Chevrolet Chevy C2. The 2007 model is available in 2 trims: the GS 1 and GS 2. Both
trims use a 1.6 liter 16-valve (ga16dne) engine producing 105 hp (78 kW) and can be
equipped with an automatic gear-box and air-conditioning. A 2007 Nissan Tsuru GS1 costs
approximately USD 9,500.
In Malaysia, known as Nissan Sentra Super Saloon with GA16DE fitted engine with two
version (1st models & last models), it is widely used as a taxi in Genting Highlands, due to
its engine durability and fuel efficiency in such conditions.[citation needed]
There are two versions of Nissan Sunny, the GTS generation 1 and the GTS generation 2.
The GTS generation 1 consists of the glass headlights, generation 1 front bumper ( with 2
projector lamps), side skirts, rear chin, sunny grille and the rear garnish. The GTS
generation 2 consists of the plastic headlights, generation 2 front bumper (with 4 fog
lamps), side skirts, rear bumper, sentra grille and the rear garnish. There are some
differences in other parts like the rear garnish and the side skirts.
Caption2 Caption3 Caption4 Caption5
[edit] B14 series
1997 Nissan Sunny
1997 Nissan Sunny.
19. The B14 Sunny and Sentra appeared in 1994 and were produced until 1998, and featured
four-wheel-drive variants. Other than Japan, this variant was produced in Karachi, Pakistan
through a joint venture between Ghandhara Nissan and Nissan Japan till 2001 for the local
and export markets.[10]
In this generation, the station wagon was supplied to Mazda under an OEM deal as the
Familia Van. The Nissan Wingroad range appeared as a spin-off of the Sunny line in
Japan, denoting a highly specified station wagon that replaced the Nissan Sunny California.
Both the Mazda Familia and the Nissan Wingroad had different front and rear ends
compared to the wagon that was exported.
Nissan Mexico sold versions of this as the Sentra with a 1.6 engine GA16DE from 1995 to
1997, GA16DNE from 1998 to 2000 and 2.0 engine (SR20DE) in the GSS version (top of
the line).
Thailand and other selected Asian countries had this model of B14 from 1994 until 2000
with a few minor changes along the way. First minor change shows when the rear changes
to split the red strip into two sides, next the face changes in a few years with a small ridge i
the middle of the hood and a chromium decoration on the hood tip, finally the last minor
change, the tail light style changes from two layers of white/red to be the three layers
red/white/red. The two variants of engines is 1.5L (in the first generation) and 1.6L
(available only after some minor changes).
All models were equipped with Multi-link Beam Suspension for the rear.
[edit] B15 series
1998 Nissan Sunny
The Sunny was produced up to the B15 series, from 1998 to 2007. For the 2005 model year
in Japan, the Nissan Tiida took over this market, replacing the Sunny model line. In the
United States, the Sentra continues with 1.8 and 2.5 litre engines, and carries on the Sunny
lineage, though plans are to make the next Nissan Sentra based on something other than the
discontinued Sunny chassis.
In Japan, the Sunny was offered with 1.3, 1.5, and 1.8 L petrol or 2.2 L diesel engines.
20. Also to be noted is that while earlier North American-market Nissan Sentras were very
similar to their Japan-market B-series Nissan Sunny twins, the B15 Sentra (2000–2006)
diverged greatly from the B15 Sunny. The Sentra B15 body looks similar to the aero-look
B14 body, while the Sunny B15 body is return to the more traditional squared-off off three-
box sedan design. In Japan the B15 was marketed as the Nissan Super Sunny.
The Wingroad station wagon and the badge engineered Mazda Familia Van (1.3, 1.5 and
1.8 L) continued to be spun off from the main Sunny range. A facelift for the Wingroad in
2002 gave it a new front end, though the rear was retained.
A new Wingroad wagon was released in 2005, based on the Tiida.
[edit] Sunny name used with some Pulsar models
2005 Nissan Sunny Neo 1.6 N16
Main article: Nissan Pulsar
Although the Nissan Pulsar range (N-series family) was a separate model line with different
heritage from Sunny (B-series family), for various reasons the Sunny name was—in some
markets—applied to various Pulsar vehicles.
The Sunny name was used on the Pulsar N13 series in Europe from 1987, and was a
successful model. In Malaysia and elsewhere the car known as the Nissan Sunny 130Y was
a rebadged B11.
The N14 Pulsar was introduced in 1989 in Japan and in 1991 for Europe, badged as the
Sunny. It introduced the 2 litre turbocharged 4-wheel drive GTI-R. The N14 came in five
engine variants: 1.4, 1.6 and 2.0 L petrol (GTI), Diesel 2.0 L and the turbo 2.0 L SR20DET.
It was replaced by the N15 Nissan Almera in 1996.
21. Nissan Sunny Neo 1.6 N16 Taxi
Although the N16 Pulsar did not spawn a Sunny range in Japan, the N16 Nissan Bluebird
Sylphy was sold as the Sunny Neo in Thailand and Sunny in Hong Kong (In Hong Kong
only the 1.5L QG15DE engine was imported by the dealer), Kenya, Singapore, Sri Lanka
(where it is one of the best sellers), and the People's Republic of China(1.6L and 1.8L
model, later the QR20DE equipped 2.0L model also available). The Sunny is produced for
the Chinese market by the Dongfeng Motor Company, a joint venture with Nissan.
Also, the N16 series is sold in parts of Latin America as Nissan Almera. For 2007 model
year, its platform changed to the Renault Samsung SM3 that is sold in northern Europe as
Almera Classic. Also since 2007, the Samsung SM3 is sold as a Nissan Sunny in the
Middle East.[11]
[edit] References
1. ^ "PAACE Automechanika". sema.org.
http://www.sema.org/main/semaorghome.aspx?id=59848. Retrieved 2008-07-07.
2. ^ "Autotest Datsun 1000 de luxe 988 cc0". Autocar 130 (nbr3803): pages 22–26. 2
January 1969.
3. ^ "Rallying Datsuns - Part 1 (Via Webarchive)". f2.rallysportnews.com.au.
Archived from the original on 2006-02-13.
http://web.archive.org/web/20060213174534/http://f2.rallysportnews.com.au/cms/A
_103957/article.html. Retrieved 2008-07-07.
4. ^ "We Test America's Most Economical Car". datsun1200.com.
http://datsun1200.com/modules/nsections/index.php?op=viewarticle&artid=56.
Retrieved 2008-07-07.
5. ^ "datsun1200". datsun1200.com/modules.
http://datsun1200.com/modules/myalbum/photo.php?lid=23. Retrieved 2008-07-07.
6. ^ "Tech Wiki - Datsun 1200 encyclopedia : Datsun 1200 Club". Datsun1200.com.
2010-07-07.
http://datsun1200.com/modules/nsections/index.php?op=viewarticle&artid=83.
Retrieved 2010-07-25.
22. 7. ^ "Fiat. Fiat In South Africa". Car-cat.com. http://car-cat.com/firm-1379.html.
Retrieved 2010-07-25.
8. ^ "Autotest: Datsun 120Y 4-door Latest small car from major Japanese
manufacturer. Excellent performance and economy, good handling. But bouncy
ride, poor brakes (except handbrake) and cramped back seat for normal passengers.
Remarkably well equipped and good value for money". Autocar 141 (nbr4065):
pages Datsun supplement 10–16. 21 September 1974.
9. ^ [1][dead link]
10. ^ "Nissan. Nissan In Pakistan". Car-cat.com. http://car-cat.com/firm-868.html.
Retrieved 2010-07-25.
11. ^ "Nissan Sunny Ultimate Car Buyer Guide". drivearabia.com.
http://www.drivearabia.com/ultimatecarbuyerguide/usedcarspage3.php/3/8/.
Retrieved 2008-07-07.