The document describes a motion-based message conveyer system for paralytic disabled persons. The system uses an Arduino board, accelerometer, LCD display, voice module, and speaker. Gestures detected by the accelerometer will play corresponding recorded voice messages on the speaker to communicate basic needs like food, water, or medicine. The system provides a low-cost way for paralytic patients to communicate their needs through simple gestures. It aims to improve independence and quality of life for those unable to communicate verbally.
Modeling & Design of Dtmf Technique Based Automatic Mobile Switching & Contro...IRJET Journal
This document describes a system for remotely controlling devices using DTMF tones sent from a mobile phone. The system uses a DTMF decoder chip to receive tones entered on the caller's keypad. A microcontroller then interprets the codes and operates relays connected to home appliances or machinery. The system was designed to provide low-cost remote control of devices for applications like home automation and industrial equipment monitoring. It allows controlling appliances from anywhere via a mobile phone call while maintaining security through password protection. The document outlines the system components, including how DTMF signals are generated and decoded, and how the microcontroller is programmed to interface with relays upon receiving valid codes.
This document describes a student project to build an interrupt-driven multiplexed 7-segment digital clock. It includes an introduction to digital clocks, objectives of the project, technologies used including time division multiplexing, block diagrams, working principles, circuit diagrams, component descriptions, software design, the scope and advantages of the project, potential future improvements, and references. The students thank their teachers and institution for permitting and supporting the project.
Report on Embedded Based Home security systemNIT srinagar
This document describes an embedded home security system that uses various sensors and components. The system uses an AT89S52 microcontroller along with an IR sensor, LCD display, GSM module, LEDs and other components. The IR sensor detects intruders and the GSM module sends alerts. It provides automated security monitoring and user authentication to prevent break-ins. The system is designed to be effective, practical and reasonably priced for home security.
This document describes a project on automatic wireless power grid control. It is submitted by three students and guided by an assistant professor. The project uses a microcontroller to wirelessly control different units of a power grid based on time using an RF transmitter and receiver. It explains the hardware components used, including a power supply, diode bridge, microcontroller, RF modules, relay driver, encoder, decoder and LCD display. Block diagrams and working are provided, along with advantages of automation and potential applications in hardware control systems.
This document describes a project to implement a prepaid energy meter system using an Arduino, relay module, GSM module, energy meter, load, jumper wires, and adapter. The system will read energy consumption from the meter, allow recharging via SMS using a pin code, send SMS updates on usage and balance, and shut off power if the balance reaches zero without recharging. The main components and working of the system are explained, including taking input from the meter, performing calculations, sending and receiving SMS messages for recharging or changing tariff rates.
The document describes a proposed real-time traffic control system using a microcontroller that can adjust traffic light times based on vehicle density detected by IR sensors. It aims to reduce traffic delays and give priority to emergency vehicles. The system would use a microcontroller to receive sensor signals and control traffic lights. It would assign more green light time to lanes with higher vehicle density. It would also clear paths for any detected emergency vehicles. The document outlines the hardware and software components that would be used to build the system, including the microcontroller, sensors, displays and communication devices.
A Smart Handheld Measuring and Testing Electronic Device with Touch ScreenIJTET Journal
Hand in hand instrument replaces the old traditional way of measuring and testing in colleges and helps in easy way of understanding theoretical concepts based on practical knowledge. As there occurs shortage of instruments, long duration of calculation, large occupation of space, low accuracy, inconvenience come about in completing the work. A single Smart device which is a multipurpose handheld instrument overcomes the above difficulties and helps in measuring voltage, current, resistance, frequency, temperature, speed, sound and to observe waveforms for engineering students in the laboratories. In a single ARM Cortex M3 microcontroller all measurements are done and displayed within a fraction of time in the TFT graphical LCD display. The data and waveforms from oscilloscope can be saved and retrieved for future analyzing purpose which is done using a Micro SD memory card. The device is fully operated with touch screen and touch buttons. The device works with help of LPC1313, a powerful 32-bit ARM Cortex-M3 microcontroller from NXP Semiconductors.
1) The document describes an internship report submitted by Daman Singh Walia for an embedded systems training program using PIC microcontrollers.
2) The training covered architecture, memory organization, interrupts, and timers of PIC microcontrollers. The intern interfaced hardware including LEDs, switches, LCDs, and Bluetooth modules with PIC microcontrollers.
3) The document provides information on embedded systems, PIC16F877A microcontroller features, and how to interface common hardware components like LEDs, switches, and LCDs with PIC microcontrollers.
Modeling & Design of Dtmf Technique Based Automatic Mobile Switching & Contro...IRJET Journal
This document describes a system for remotely controlling devices using DTMF tones sent from a mobile phone. The system uses a DTMF decoder chip to receive tones entered on the caller's keypad. A microcontroller then interprets the codes and operates relays connected to home appliances or machinery. The system was designed to provide low-cost remote control of devices for applications like home automation and industrial equipment monitoring. It allows controlling appliances from anywhere via a mobile phone call while maintaining security through password protection. The document outlines the system components, including how DTMF signals are generated and decoded, and how the microcontroller is programmed to interface with relays upon receiving valid codes.
This document describes a student project to build an interrupt-driven multiplexed 7-segment digital clock. It includes an introduction to digital clocks, objectives of the project, technologies used including time division multiplexing, block diagrams, working principles, circuit diagrams, component descriptions, software design, the scope and advantages of the project, potential future improvements, and references. The students thank their teachers and institution for permitting and supporting the project.
Report on Embedded Based Home security systemNIT srinagar
This document describes an embedded home security system that uses various sensors and components. The system uses an AT89S52 microcontroller along with an IR sensor, LCD display, GSM module, LEDs and other components. The IR sensor detects intruders and the GSM module sends alerts. It provides automated security monitoring and user authentication to prevent break-ins. The system is designed to be effective, practical and reasonably priced for home security.
This document describes a project on automatic wireless power grid control. It is submitted by three students and guided by an assistant professor. The project uses a microcontroller to wirelessly control different units of a power grid based on time using an RF transmitter and receiver. It explains the hardware components used, including a power supply, diode bridge, microcontroller, RF modules, relay driver, encoder, decoder and LCD display. Block diagrams and working are provided, along with advantages of automation and potential applications in hardware control systems.
This document describes a project to implement a prepaid energy meter system using an Arduino, relay module, GSM module, energy meter, load, jumper wires, and adapter. The system will read energy consumption from the meter, allow recharging via SMS using a pin code, send SMS updates on usage and balance, and shut off power if the balance reaches zero without recharging. The main components and working of the system are explained, including taking input from the meter, performing calculations, sending and receiving SMS messages for recharging or changing tariff rates.
The document describes a proposed real-time traffic control system using a microcontroller that can adjust traffic light times based on vehicle density detected by IR sensors. It aims to reduce traffic delays and give priority to emergency vehicles. The system would use a microcontroller to receive sensor signals and control traffic lights. It would assign more green light time to lanes with higher vehicle density. It would also clear paths for any detected emergency vehicles. The document outlines the hardware and software components that would be used to build the system, including the microcontroller, sensors, displays and communication devices.
A Smart Handheld Measuring and Testing Electronic Device with Touch ScreenIJTET Journal
Hand in hand instrument replaces the old traditional way of measuring and testing in colleges and helps in easy way of understanding theoretical concepts based on practical knowledge. As there occurs shortage of instruments, long duration of calculation, large occupation of space, low accuracy, inconvenience come about in completing the work. A single Smart device which is a multipurpose handheld instrument overcomes the above difficulties and helps in measuring voltage, current, resistance, frequency, temperature, speed, sound and to observe waveforms for engineering students in the laboratories. In a single ARM Cortex M3 microcontroller all measurements are done and displayed within a fraction of time in the TFT graphical LCD display. The data and waveforms from oscilloscope can be saved and retrieved for future analyzing purpose which is done using a Micro SD memory card. The device is fully operated with touch screen and touch buttons. The device works with help of LPC1313, a powerful 32-bit ARM Cortex-M3 microcontroller from NXP Semiconductors.
1) The document describes an internship report submitted by Daman Singh Walia for an embedded systems training program using PIC microcontrollers.
2) The training covered architecture, memory organization, interrupts, and timers of PIC microcontrollers. The intern interfaced hardware including LEDs, switches, LCDs, and Bluetooth modules with PIC microcontrollers.
3) The document provides information on embedded systems, PIC16F877A microcontroller features, and how to interface common hardware components like LEDs, switches, and LCDs with PIC microcontrollers.
Home automation or domestics is building automation for a home, called a smart home or smart house. A home automation system will monitor and/or control home attributes such as lighting, climate, entertainment systems, and appliances. It may also include home security such as access control and alarm systems.
Automatic room light controller using microcontroller and visitor countereSAT Journals
Abstract The Project ‘Automatic Room Light Controller Using microcontroller ATMEGA16A and bidirectional visitor counter’ controls a room light as well as count the number of individuals entering and leaving a room. When an individual enters into a room then one counter is incremented by one and one light in a room will be switched ON and when the individuals leaves a room then the counter is decremented by one. When the number of individuals in a room is greater than 5 then 2 lights will be switched ON. When the individuals in a room are more than 10 then 3 lights will be switched ON. Similarly on increase of every 5 individuals one more light will switched ON. Lights will turn OFF when all the individuals go out of a room. The total number of individuals present inside a room is also displayed on the LCD display. IR sensors and microcontroller does above job. IR sensors sense the obstruction and microcontroller receives the signals produced by the obstruction from the sensors. The received signal is operated via program stored in ROM of Microcontroller.. Keywords: Microcontroller ATMEGA16A, IR Sensors, LCD, Counters
REAL-TIME LOCATION TRACKER FOR HEALTH PATIENT IN CRISISIRJET Journal
This document describes a real-time location tracker system for monitoring the health and location of patients in crisis situations. The system uses various IoT sensors like a GPS module, heartbeat sensor, temperature sensor connected to an Arduino microcontroller. The sensor data is sent to a server via an ESP8266 WiFi module and the patient's location is tracked on a map using Google Maps APIs. If the sensor readings indicate a health emergency, alerts are sent via SMS to doctors and hospitals so they can quickly locate and assist the patient. The system is designed to be low-cost and help improve healthcare for patients in remote or emergency situations.
Android Based Voice Controlled Smart WheelchairIRJET Journal
1) The document describes a voice controlled smart wheelchair system using an Android device. Sensors like temperature, LPG, and contact sensors are used to detect fires and monitor doors.
2) The wheelchair is controlled via voice commands to the Android device which are transmitted via Bluetooth to a microcontroller. The microcontroller controls DC motors and other devices like lights based on the voice commands.
3) The system aims to help physically disabled users navigate independently using voice. It provides a low-cost alternative to existing systems using technologies like Zigbee.
IRJET- Items’ Filling System Prototype with Sorting System According to the C...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper that describes the design and implementation of a prototype filling system with sorting capabilities based on container color and height. The system uses a conveyor to move different colored and sized containers past sensors. An Omron CP1E PLC controls the process of filling the containers with different amounts and colors of marbles based on the container properties detected by the sensors. The sensors include a TCS3200 color sensor connected to an Arduino, LDR sensors to detect container height, and infrared sensors to count the marbles dispensed. The goal of the system is to automate sorting and filling of containers to improve production efficiency.
This document describes an automatic room light controller project using IR sensors that was completed by students at SITAMARHI Institute of Technology. The system uses IR sensors to detect movement and an Arduino board to control relays that turn lights on and off. It increments a counter when movement is detected to enter the room, and decrements when movement is detected to exit. The counter value is displayed on an LCD to show the number of people in the room. When the count reaches zero, the lights are automatically turned off to save energy.
This document describes the design and implementation of a remote monitoring and control system for an intelligent security door using SMS alerts. The system uses a microcontroller interfaced with a GSM module, LCD display, keypad, and other components. An SMS alert is sent to a predefined phone number if an incorrect password is entered three times. When the correct code is entered, the door opens for 10 seconds before closing. The system was simulated using Proteus software and proved to be an advancement in access control and door security technology.
Implementation of an Improved Microcontroller Based Moving Message Display Sy...IOSR Journals
This document describes the implementation of an improved microcontroller-based moving message display system using a PIC16F648A microcontroller and a 49x8 LED dot matrix display. The microcontroller is programmed in assembly language to control the LED dot matrix and decade counters in a sequential manner to display a scrolling 23 character message. A limiting resistor is used for each output line from the microcontroller to the LEDs. The dynamic display scheme employed helps improve display brightness and reduce energy consumption by only lighting LEDs when being addressed rather than continuously.
This document describes the implementation of a microcontroller-based moving message display system using LEDs. A PIC16F648A microcontroller is programmed in assembly language to control a 49x8 LED dot matrix display and sequentially light the LEDs to display a 23 character message. Decade counters are used along with the microcontroller to produce the shifting action of the message. The circuit diagram and working principle are explained, including details of the microcontroller, power supply design, and component sizing calculations. The dynamic display scheme employed helps improve display brightness and reduce energy consumption.
Implementation of an Improved Microcontroller Based Moving Message Display Sy...IOSR Journals
This document describes the implementation of a microcontroller-based moving message display system using LEDs. A PIC16F648A microcontroller is programmed in assembly language to control a 49x8 LED dot matrix display and sequentially light the LEDs to display a 23 character message in a moving fashion. Decade counters are used along with the microcontroller to produce the shifting action of the characters. The dynamic display scheme employed helps improve display brightness and reduce energy consumption. Key components of the system include the microcontroller, counting unit with decade counters, LED display unit, and a power supply. PCB layout and programming of the microcontroller are discussed.
Implementation of an Improved Microcontroller Based Moving Message Display Sy...IOSR Journals
This document describes the implementation of a microcontroller-based moving message display system using LEDs. A PIC16F648A microcontroller is programmed in assembly language to control a 49x8 LED dot matrix display and sequentially light the LEDs to display a 23 character message. Decade counters are used along with the microcontroller to produce the shifting action of the message. The circuit diagram and working principle are explained, including details of the microcontroller, power supply design, and component sizing calculations. The dynamic display scheme employed helps improve display brightness and reduce energy consumption.
Implementation of an Improved Microcontroller Based Moving Message Display Sy...IOSR Journals
This document describes the implementation of a microcontroller-based moving message display system using LEDs. A PIC16F648A microcontroller is programmed in assembly language to control a 49x8 LED dot matrix display and sequentially light the LEDs to display a 23 character message. Decade counters are used along with the microcontroller to produce the shifting action of the message. The circuit diagram and working principle are explained, including details of the microcontroller, power supply design, and sizing calculations for the transformer and filter capacitor. The dynamic display scheme employed helps improve display brightness and reduce energy consumption.
Wireless energy meter monitoring with automated tariff calculationUdayalakshmi JK
Electricity billing has become a difficult task. The board has to make regular visit to the consumers house to make the reading. Also it can cause manual error. Now here we are monitoring the energy meter with modern techniques. The total energy consumed by the consumer and the consumption cost is known to the consumer and to the board by means of a hand held device.
This document describes an energy saving visitor counter project that uses a microcontroller and infrared sensors. The objective is to design a circuit that can count the number of people entering and exiting a room and control the room light accordingly. It uses an IR transmitter and receiver to detect movement and increments or decrements the counter value, which is displayed on seven-segment displays. The microcontroller controls the counting and display functionality while receiving input from the IR sensors. Proteus and Keil software are used to simulate and program the microcontroller respectively.
1. The document describes a smart irrigation system that uses IoT sensors and a mobile app to remotely monitor soil properties and automate irrigation.
2. Key components include a NodeMCU board, DHT11 sensor to measure temperature and humidity, a soil moisture sensor, motor pump, relay module, and LCD display connected via I2C.
3. The system works by sensing soil properties with various sensors, transmitting the data via NodeMCU and WiFi to a mobile app, and controlling the motor pump remotely based on the sensor readings and user inputs to optimize water usage.
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF A LOW-COST MICROCONTROLLER BASED SINGLE PHASE WATER...ijistjournal
This document describes the design and development of a low-cost microcontroller based single phase water-pump controller. The system uses a PIC12F675 microcontroller to monitor current from a current sensor and control a relay based on the sensed current level. It was developed as an improved alternative to previous transistor-based designs. The system provides over-current and over-voltage protection for water pumps. Testing showed the microcontroller-based design has higher accuracy, faster operation speed, and simpler circuitry compared to previous approaches. It provides effective and low-cost protection of water pumps from power fluctuations.
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF A LOW-COST MICROCONTROLLER BASED SINGLE PHASE WATER...ijistjournal
A microcontroller based advanced technique was designed and developed to protect the house hold appliances, such as water-pump from fluctuation of line voltage. This device was tested with upper and lower cutoff voltages set at ±10% of the normal supply voltage (220V, AC) and with an over-load current up to 10A. The current sensor’s output was monitored by the PIC12F675 microcontroller and used analog to digital protocol. A ‘C’ language program was developed to control the function of microcontroller, using PCWH compiler.
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF A LOW-COST MICROCONTROLLER BASED SINGLE PHASE WATER...ijistjournal
A microcontroller based advanced technique was designed and developed to protect the house hold appliances, such as water-pump from fluctuation of line voltage. This device was tested with upper and lower cutoff voltages set at ±10% of the normal supply voltage (220V, AC) and with an over-load current up to 10A. The current sensor’s output was monitored by the PIC12F675 microcontroller and used analog to digital protocol. A ‘C’ language program was developed to control the function of microcontroller, using PCWH compiler.
Design Efficient Wireless Monitoring Platform for Recycling Point SpotsIJMTST Journal
There is a growing demand for low cost, very low power and reduced size monitoring systems with
wireless communications, to be used in different kinds of industrial environments. In several countries waste
separation and recycling is a major issue. Consequently, the number of recycling spots has been steadily
increasing. In order to ensure that recycle bins are properly maintained, several monitoring solutions have
been proposed. These still have several limitations, such as requiring wires for power and/or communications
and not being able to fit in all existing types of bins. This paper presents WECO, a wireless embedded solution
for monitoring the level of the bins located in recycling spots. The proposed system automatically alerts a
remote central station when a bin reaches a programmable filling level, thus avoiding the need to spot check
if the bin is full and ensuring that the recycling spot is kept clean. The developed prototype required
hardware-software co-design and aimed to meet the above mentioned requirements, resorting to the IEEE
802.15.4 protocol for wireless communications between all nodes in the network, each based on a
System-On-Chip CC2530 from Texas Instruments. Due to its wireless nature, the architecture requires a
battery for power supplying the nodes, with a life time of at least six years. The filling level readings of each
bin in a recycling spot are made using an ultrasonic sensor. The data collected by the monitoring platform is
then sent to the remote central station that processes it in order to optimize routes and establish a scheduled
collection of the recycling spots.
IRJET- Arduino based Smart Grid Power Monitoring and Control by using IoTIRJET Journal
This document describes a smart grid power monitoring and control system using IoT. The system uses sensors to monitor the voltage, current and temperature of a 3-phase power system. It can detect faults by comparing the measured voltage to a reference value. When a fault is detected, an alarm is triggered and the fault information is sent to a webpage via WiFi. The system aims to quickly detect faults, protect equipment, and maintain a stable power supply. It is controlled using an Arduino board and sensors, and allows remote monitoring through an IoT connection.
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.pptHenry Hollis
The History of NZ 1870-1900.
Making of a Nation.
From the NZ Wars to Liberals,
Richard Seddon, George Grey,
Social Laboratory, New Zealand,
Confiscations, Kotahitanga, Kingitanga, Parliament, Suffrage, Repudiation, Economic Change, Agriculture, Gold Mining, Timber, Flax, Sheep, Dairying,
Home automation or domestics is building automation for a home, called a smart home or smart house. A home automation system will monitor and/or control home attributes such as lighting, climate, entertainment systems, and appliances. It may also include home security such as access control and alarm systems.
Automatic room light controller using microcontroller and visitor countereSAT Journals
Abstract The Project ‘Automatic Room Light Controller Using microcontroller ATMEGA16A and bidirectional visitor counter’ controls a room light as well as count the number of individuals entering and leaving a room. When an individual enters into a room then one counter is incremented by one and one light in a room will be switched ON and when the individuals leaves a room then the counter is decremented by one. When the number of individuals in a room is greater than 5 then 2 lights will be switched ON. When the individuals in a room are more than 10 then 3 lights will be switched ON. Similarly on increase of every 5 individuals one more light will switched ON. Lights will turn OFF when all the individuals go out of a room. The total number of individuals present inside a room is also displayed on the LCD display. IR sensors and microcontroller does above job. IR sensors sense the obstruction and microcontroller receives the signals produced by the obstruction from the sensors. The received signal is operated via program stored in ROM of Microcontroller.. Keywords: Microcontroller ATMEGA16A, IR Sensors, LCD, Counters
REAL-TIME LOCATION TRACKER FOR HEALTH PATIENT IN CRISISIRJET Journal
This document describes a real-time location tracker system for monitoring the health and location of patients in crisis situations. The system uses various IoT sensors like a GPS module, heartbeat sensor, temperature sensor connected to an Arduino microcontroller. The sensor data is sent to a server via an ESP8266 WiFi module and the patient's location is tracked on a map using Google Maps APIs. If the sensor readings indicate a health emergency, alerts are sent via SMS to doctors and hospitals so they can quickly locate and assist the patient. The system is designed to be low-cost and help improve healthcare for patients in remote or emergency situations.
Android Based Voice Controlled Smart WheelchairIRJET Journal
1) The document describes a voice controlled smart wheelchair system using an Android device. Sensors like temperature, LPG, and contact sensors are used to detect fires and monitor doors.
2) The wheelchair is controlled via voice commands to the Android device which are transmitted via Bluetooth to a microcontroller. The microcontroller controls DC motors and other devices like lights based on the voice commands.
3) The system aims to help physically disabled users navigate independently using voice. It provides a low-cost alternative to existing systems using technologies like Zigbee.
IRJET- Items’ Filling System Prototype with Sorting System According to the C...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper that describes the design and implementation of a prototype filling system with sorting capabilities based on container color and height. The system uses a conveyor to move different colored and sized containers past sensors. An Omron CP1E PLC controls the process of filling the containers with different amounts and colors of marbles based on the container properties detected by the sensors. The sensors include a TCS3200 color sensor connected to an Arduino, LDR sensors to detect container height, and infrared sensors to count the marbles dispensed. The goal of the system is to automate sorting and filling of containers to improve production efficiency.
This document describes an automatic room light controller project using IR sensors that was completed by students at SITAMARHI Institute of Technology. The system uses IR sensors to detect movement and an Arduino board to control relays that turn lights on and off. It increments a counter when movement is detected to enter the room, and decrements when movement is detected to exit. The counter value is displayed on an LCD to show the number of people in the room. When the count reaches zero, the lights are automatically turned off to save energy.
This document describes the design and implementation of a remote monitoring and control system for an intelligent security door using SMS alerts. The system uses a microcontroller interfaced with a GSM module, LCD display, keypad, and other components. An SMS alert is sent to a predefined phone number if an incorrect password is entered three times. When the correct code is entered, the door opens for 10 seconds before closing. The system was simulated using Proteus software and proved to be an advancement in access control and door security technology.
Implementation of an Improved Microcontroller Based Moving Message Display Sy...IOSR Journals
This document describes the implementation of an improved microcontroller-based moving message display system using a PIC16F648A microcontroller and a 49x8 LED dot matrix display. The microcontroller is programmed in assembly language to control the LED dot matrix and decade counters in a sequential manner to display a scrolling 23 character message. A limiting resistor is used for each output line from the microcontroller to the LEDs. The dynamic display scheme employed helps improve display brightness and reduce energy consumption by only lighting LEDs when being addressed rather than continuously.
This document describes the implementation of a microcontroller-based moving message display system using LEDs. A PIC16F648A microcontroller is programmed in assembly language to control a 49x8 LED dot matrix display and sequentially light the LEDs to display a 23 character message. Decade counters are used along with the microcontroller to produce the shifting action of the message. The circuit diagram and working principle are explained, including details of the microcontroller, power supply design, and component sizing calculations. The dynamic display scheme employed helps improve display brightness and reduce energy consumption.
Implementation of an Improved Microcontroller Based Moving Message Display Sy...IOSR Journals
This document describes the implementation of a microcontroller-based moving message display system using LEDs. A PIC16F648A microcontroller is programmed in assembly language to control a 49x8 LED dot matrix display and sequentially light the LEDs to display a 23 character message in a moving fashion. Decade counters are used along with the microcontroller to produce the shifting action of the characters. The dynamic display scheme employed helps improve display brightness and reduce energy consumption. Key components of the system include the microcontroller, counting unit with decade counters, LED display unit, and a power supply. PCB layout and programming of the microcontroller are discussed.
Implementation of an Improved Microcontroller Based Moving Message Display Sy...IOSR Journals
This document describes the implementation of a microcontroller-based moving message display system using LEDs. A PIC16F648A microcontroller is programmed in assembly language to control a 49x8 LED dot matrix display and sequentially light the LEDs to display a 23 character message. Decade counters are used along with the microcontroller to produce the shifting action of the message. The circuit diagram and working principle are explained, including details of the microcontroller, power supply design, and component sizing calculations. The dynamic display scheme employed helps improve display brightness and reduce energy consumption.
Implementation of an Improved Microcontroller Based Moving Message Display Sy...IOSR Journals
This document describes the implementation of a microcontroller-based moving message display system using LEDs. A PIC16F648A microcontroller is programmed in assembly language to control a 49x8 LED dot matrix display and sequentially light the LEDs to display a 23 character message. Decade counters are used along with the microcontroller to produce the shifting action of the message. The circuit diagram and working principle are explained, including details of the microcontroller, power supply design, and sizing calculations for the transformer and filter capacitor. The dynamic display scheme employed helps improve display brightness and reduce energy consumption.
Wireless energy meter monitoring with automated tariff calculationUdayalakshmi JK
Electricity billing has become a difficult task. The board has to make regular visit to the consumers house to make the reading. Also it can cause manual error. Now here we are monitoring the energy meter with modern techniques. The total energy consumed by the consumer and the consumption cost is known to the consumer and to the board by means of a hand held device.
This document describes an energy saving visitor counter project that uses a microcontroller and infrared sensors. The objective is to design a circuit that can count the number of people entering and exiting a room and control the room light accordingly. It uses an IR transmitter and receiver to detect movement and increments or decrements the counter value, which is displayed on seven-segment displays. The microcontroller controls the counting and display functionality while receiving input from the IR sensors. Proteus and Keil software are used to simulate and program the microcontroller respectively.
1. The document describes a smart irrigation system that uses IoT sensors and a mobile app to remotely monitor soil properties and automate irrigation.
2. Key components include a NodeMCU board, DHT11 sensor to measure temperature and humidity, a soil moisture sensor, motor pump, relay module, and LCD display connected via I2C.
3. The system works by sensing soil properties with various sensors, transmitting the data via NodeMCU and WiFi to a mobile app, and controlling the motor pump remotely based on the sensor readings and user inputs to optimize water usage.
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF A LOW-COST MICROCONTROLLER BASED SINGLE PHASE WATER...ijistjournal
This document describes the design and development of a low-cost microcontroller based single phase water-pump controller. The system uses a PIC12F675 microcontroller to monitor current from a current sensor and control a relay based on the sensed current level. It was developed as an improved alternative to previous transistor-based designs. The system provides over-current and over-voltage protection for water pumps. Testing showed the microcontroller-based design has higher accuracy, faster operation speed, and simpler circuitry compared to previous approaches. It provides effective and low-cost protection of water pumps from power fluctuations.
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF A LOW-COST MICROCONTROLLER BASED SINGLE PHASE WATER...ijistjournal
A microcontroller based advanced technique was designed and developed to protect the house hold appliances, such as water-pump from fluctuation of line voltage. This device was tested with upper and lower cutoff voltages set at ±10% of the normal supply voltage (220V, AC) and with an over-load current up to 10A. The current sensor’s output was monitored by the PIC12F675 microcontroller and used analog to digital protocol. A ‘C’ language program was developed to control the function of microcontroller, using PCWH compiler.
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF A LOW-COST MICROCONTROLLER BASED SINGLE PHASE WATER...ijistjournal
A microcontroller based advanced technique was designed and developed to protect the house hold appliances, such as water-pump from fluctuation of line voltage. This device was tested with upper and lower cutoff voltages set at ±10% of the normal supply voltage (220V, AC) and with an over-load current up to 10A. The current sensor’s output was monitored by the PIC12F675 microcontroller and used analog to digital protocol. A ‘C’ language program was developed to control the function of microcontroller, using PCWH compiler.
Design Efficient Wireless Monitoring Platform for Recycling Point SpotsIJMTST Journal
There is a growing demand for low cost, very low power and reduced size monitoring systems with
wireless communications, to be used in different kinds of industrial environments. In several countries waste
separation and recycling is a major issue. Consequently, the number of recycling spots has been steadily
increasing. In order to ensure that recycle bins are properly maintained, several monitoring solutions have
been proposed. These still have several limitations, such as requiring wires for power and/or communications
and not being able to fit in all existing types of bins. This paper presents WECO, a wireless embedded solution
for monitoring the level of the bins located in recycling spots. The proposed system automatically alerts a
remote central station when a bin reaches a programmable filling level, thus avoiding the need to spot check
if the bin is full and ensuring that the recycling spot is kept clean. The developed prototype required
hardware-software co-design and aimed to meet the above mentioned requirements, resorting to the IEEE
802.15.4 protocol for wireless communications between all nodes in the network, each based on a
System-On-Chip CC2530 from Texas Instruments. Due to its wireless nature, the architecture requires a
battery for power supplying the nodes, with a life time of at least six years. The filling level readings of each
bin in a recycling spot are made using an ultrasonic sensor. The data collected by the monitoring platform is
then sent to the remote central station that processes it in order to optimize routes and establish a scheduled
collection of the recycling spots.
IRJET- Arduino based Smart Grid Power Monitoring and Control by using IoTIRJET Journal
This document describes a smart grid power monitoring and control system using IoT. The system uses sensors to monitor the voltage, current and temperature of a 3-phase power system. It can detect faults by comparing the measured voltage to a reference value. When a fault is detected, an alarm is triggered and the fault information is sent to a webpage via WiFi. The system aims to quickly detect faults, protect equipment, and maintain a stable power supply. It is controlled using an Arduino board and sensors, and allows remote monitoring through an IoT connection.
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.pptHenry Hollis
The History of NZ 1870-1900.
Making of a Nation.
From the NZ Wars to Liberals,
Richard Seddon, George Grey,
Social Laboratory, New Zealand,
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1. TEEGALA KRISHNA REDDY ENGINEERING COLLEGE
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING (UGC-Autonomous)
Approved by AICTE , Affiliated by JNTUH , Accredited by NAAC- ‘A’ Grade
Medbowli,Meerpet,Balapur,Hyderabad,Telangana-500097
MINI PROJECT TITLE
MOTION BASED MESSAGE CONVYER FOR PARALYTIC
DISABLED PERSON
PRESENTED BY:
1.A.BHANUSRI 20R91A0408
2.BALA SAI ADITYA 20R91A0423
3.B.SAI NITHIN 20R91A0424
4.B.MUKESH RAJ 20R91A0427
INTERNAL GUIDE:
Mr K.RAMESH
Assistant professor
2. CONTENTS
• Objectives
• Existing methods
• Abstract
• Architectural Design for Proposed System
• Detailed explanation of individual blocks with detailed specification compulsory with
condition
• Detailed Flow Chart of the project with all input conditions
• Experimental Results includes output photos of your Project
• Code for all specified input conditions
• Comparison with Existing system
• Conclusion
• Advantages and Applications
• References
3. OBJECTIVE
The main aim of the project is to implement a low cost reliable system which will help
to establish communication between paralytic or disabled patients and other people.
MEMs and APR based announcement system for patients using Arduino is a project
that uses gestures to play recorded voice messages for physically challenged people.
4. EXISTING METHODS
• Monitoring system make it easier for doctors to collect and observe a patient’s vitals,
there aren’t many options for actual verbal communication for paralytic and disabled.
• They cannot communicate their basic needs with their family members.
5. ABSTRACT
• Physically challenged people have no specific electronic devices to communicate their
needs using gestures
• This project proposes a MEMS and APR based announcement system for patients.
• A patient can easy send messages by just tilting an accelerometer connected to the body
• The system detects the patient's gestures and plays a recorded voice message based on
the gesture.
• The system can be used in homes, hospitals, and public places.
7. Arudino UNO:
Arudino has inbuilt Analog to digital converter. It has a 16 MHz ceramic resonator, 14 digital
input/output pins ,6 analog inputs, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset
button.The ATmega328 has 32 KB ROM. It also has 2 KB of SRAM and 1 KB of EEPROM
(which can be read and written with the EEPROM library.
The operating voltage is 5v and supply voltage is 7 to 20v.
Arduino boards are able to read analog or digital input signals from different sensors and turn it
into an output such as activating a motor, turning LED on/off.
8. MEMS(ADXL345):
This ADXL345 Accelerometer module consists of an ADXL345 Accelerometer IC, Voltage
Regulator IC, Level Shifter IC, resistors, and capacitors in an integrated circuit.
ADXL345 is a 3-axis accelerometer but we use two axis that senses both static acceleration (due
to gravity) as well as dynamic acceleration (due to motion or shock).
It converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. So, it can be used as a tilt sensor or to detect
free fall. This sensor works with I2C and requires 5v of voltage.It is also called as gyroscope.
9. Voice module(APR33A IC):
• The APR33A3 device is a single-chip voice recording, non-volatile storage, and
playback capability for 40 to 60 seconds.
• The operating voltage range of this 3v-6.5v.
• It can record 8 voices but we use 4 of it and contains a condense mike.
• It User-friendly, easy-to-use operation and Low power consumption.
10. 16X2 LCD:
• Liquid crystal display is very important device in embedded system. It offers high
flexibility to user as he can display the required data on it.
• A liquid crystal display (LCD) is a thin, flat electronic visual display
• Operating voltage is 4.7v to 5.3v and operating current is 1mA.
• It works in both 8-bit and 4-bit mode.
• It consumes low power.
11. Regulated power supply:
• A regulated power supply ensures that the output current remains constant,even if the input
changes,by converting unregulated AC to DC.
• With the help of a rectifier it converts AC supply into DC. Its function is to supply a stable
voltage (or less often current), to a circuit or device that must be operated within certain
power supply limits.
• The output from the regulated power supply may be alternating or unidirectional, but is
nearly always DC (direct current).
• The primary advantage of RPS is that it provide a stable and constant output voltage or
current which is crucial for the proper functioning of electronic circuits.
12. Experimental Results includes output photos of project
The paralytic disabled people can communicate their basic needs with their family/nurse.The
output displays on the LCD.It sounds message through speaker.
13. #include <Wire.h>
#include <Adafruit_Sensor.h>
#include <Adafruit_ADXL345_U.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
Adafruit_ADXL345_Unified accel =
Adafruit_ADXL345_Unified(12345);
LiquidCrystal lcd (2,3,4,5,6,7);
int xval,yval;
const int v1=8,v2=9,v3=10,v4=11;
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
lcd.begin(16,2);
pinMode(v1, OUTPUT);
pinMode(v2, OUTPUT);
pinMode(v3, OUTPUT);
pinMode(v4, OUTPUT);
Code for all specified input conditions:
17. Comparision with existing system
• Among the large number of paralytic disabled peoples , very few actually focus on helping
patients with disabilities to communicate.
• Although monitoring systems make it easier for doctors to collect and observe a patient's
vitals, there aren't many options for actual verbal communication for disabled patients.
• The main aim of the project is to implement a low cost reliable system which will help to
establish communication between paralytic or disabled patients and other people.
• A patient can easy send messages by just tilting an accelerometer connected to the body.
• The system detects the patient's gestures and plays a recorded voice message based on the
gesture.
18. CONCLUSION
In conclusion, motion based message conveyer for paralytic disabled enable system is a
valuable innovation that can improve the lives of people with physical challenges. It can
give them more independence, control, and efficiency when using technology. It has many
applications, including controlling computers and smartphones, smart home devices.
19. ADVANTAGES
1. It can give people with physical challenges more independence and control over their
technology.
2. It can improve their quality of life by making it easier for them to interact with their devices.
3. It can reduce the need for assistance from caregivers, which can be empowering for the user.
4. It can be more efficient and faster than traditional methods of switching between devices.
20. Applications
• Controlling a computer or smartphone without using hands
• Switching between smart home devices, such as lights and thermostats
• Controlling a wheelchair or other mobility device
• Controlling a robotic arm or other assistive device
• Playing video games using head movements instead of a controller
• Making phone calls or sending text messages without using hands
21. REFERENCES
• [1] Mr.Angurajsiva J, Elakkiya V, Kowsalya A, Ramya S, Divya S, "Wearable Device for Child Safety using
Arduino Uno and Tracking System", published in International Research Journal of Innovations in Engineering
and Technology - IRJIET, Volume 4, Issue 5, pp 105-107, May 2020.
• [2] Rajalakshmi S.S.Nikilla, “Real Time Health Monitoring System using Arduino”, South Asian journal of
Engineering and technology vol.2, no.18 (11th march 2016)
• [3] Sakshi sharma, Rashmi vashisth; “Zigbee Based centralized Patient Monitoring System”, International
conference on communication intelligence and communication network (2015).
• [4] Thavamani.P, Ramesh.K, Sundari.B, “Simulation and Modeling of 6-DOF Robot Manipulator Using
Matlab Software” published in International Research Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Technology
(IRJIET), Volume 2, Issue 4, pp 6-10, 2018.
• [5] A.H.Nasutionand S. Emmanuel,“ Intelligent video surveillance for monitoring elderly in home
environments”, in Proc. IEEE 9thWorkshop Multimedia Signal Process., Oct.2007, pp. 203–206.