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1. Dear students get fully solved assignments
Send your semester & Specialization name to our mail id :
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or
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Assignments
STUDENT HANDBOOK (PGDHHM) 111.
Module 2
Basic Principles of Management Total: 100 Marks
Answer the following questions. Each question carries 20 marks.
Question. 1. Explain in details the different types of financial ratios.
Answer: Financial ratios express relationships between financial statement items. Although they
provide historical data, management can use ratios to identify internal strengths and weaknesses,
and estimate future financial performance. Investors can use ratios to compare companies in the
same industry.Ratiosare not generallymeaningfulasstandalone numbers,butthey are meaningful
when compared to historical data and industry averages.
Liquidity:The mostcommonliquidityratioisthe currentratio,whichisthe ratio of current assets to
current liabilities. This ratio indicates a company's ability
Question. 3. What is budget? Explain types & advantages of
budget?
Answer: A budget is the sum of money allocated for a particular purpose and the summary of
intendedexpendituresalongwithproposalsforhow tomeetthem.Budgethelpstoaidthe planning
of acTual operations by forcing managers to consider how the conditions might change and what
stepsshouldbe takennowandby encouragingmanagersto consider problems before they arise. It
also helps co-ordinate the activities of the organization by

2. Question. 4. Explain the concepts and categories of economics and
explain why economics is applicable to healthcare sector.
Answer: Health economics is a branch of economics concerned with issues related to efficiency,
effectiveness, value and behavior in the production and consumption of health and healthcare. In
broad terms, health economists study the functioning of healthcare systems and health-affecting
behaviors such as smoking.
A seminal 1963 article by Kenneth Arrow, often credited with giving rise to health economics as a
discipline, drew conceptual distinctions between
Question. 5. Write short notes on : (any two
a. Break even volume
Answer: Product price can be based on the cost of producing the product. However, there is not a
specific price level that you can charge that will assure you that you will cover your costs. Because
fixedcostsneedtobe coveredregardlessof the number of units produced and sold, the number of
units you produce and sell determines the price needed to break even. To do this you need to
classify the costs into the managerial cost categories of variable and fixed costs.
b. Depreciation
Answer: In accountancy, depreciation refers to two aspects of the same concept:
 The decrease in value of assets (fair value depreciation)
 The allocationof the cost of assetsto periodsinwhichthe assetsare used(depreciationwith
the matching principle)
Depreciation is a method of reallocating the cost of a tangible asset over its useful life span of it
beinginmotion.Businessesdepreciate long-term assets for both tax and accounting purposes. The
former affects the balance sheet of a business or entity, and the latter affects the net income that
they report. Generally the cost is allocated, as depreciation
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