2. - an auxiliary verb that expresses necessity or
possibility. English modal verbs include must, shall,
will, should, would, can, could, may, and might.
MO D AL VER B
6. What is the easier
subject?
MATHEMATICS
vs
ENGLISH
7. 1. ISSUE - problem or controversy about which people
disagree
2. CLAIM - the position on the issue
3. SUPPORT - reasons and evidence that the claim is
reasonable and should be accepted
4. REFUTATION - opposing viewpoints
P a r t s o f a n
A r g u m e n t
8. Types of Claims
1. Claims of Fact
2. Claims of Cause and Effect
3. Claims of Value
9. - all these claims are statements of fact, but
not everyone would agree with them
- the facts in these claims need to be proved
as either absolutely or probably true in order
to be acceptable to an audience
Claim of Fact
11. What caused it?
Where did it come from?
Why did it happen?
What are the effects?
Claim of Cause and
Effect
12. People often disagree about what
causes something to happen, and
they also disagree about the effects.
Claim of Cause and
Effect
13. Is it good or bad?
How bad or good?
Of what worth is it?
Is it moral or immoral?
Who thinks so?
What do those people value?
What values or criteria should I use to
determine its goodness or badness?
Claim of Value
14. - aim at establishing whether the item being
discussed is either good or bad, valuable or not
valuable, desirable or not desirable
Claim of Value
15. Types of Support
1. REASON - a general statement that supports a claim.
2. EVIDENCE - consists of facts, statistics, experiences, and
examples that show why the claim is valid.
3. EMOTIONAL APPEALS - ideas that are targeted toward
needs or values that readers are likely to care
about.
16. things to
remember:
1. Identify the claim.
2. Outline the reasons to support the claim.
3. What types of evidence are used?
4. Evaluate the adequacy and sufficiency of the evidence.
5. What emotional appeals are used?
6. Does the author recognize or refute counter arguments?
23. Direction: Read the sentences and identify if they are a CLAIM or a STATEMENT.
1. All mammals are warm-blooded.
2. Whales are mammals.
3. The Harry Potter Novel is the number 1 best-selling book of all time.
4. Not all dogs belong to the canine family.
5. Wolves are canine.
6. The universe was created with a Big Bang.
7. Paper is made from trees.
8. Water plants can filter pollution.
9. China is the best country in the world.
10. Some plants can be watered once a week.
short quiz - 1/4 piece of paper
24. Direction: Read the sentences and identify if they are a CLAIM or a
STATEMENT.
1. All mammals are warm-blooded.
2. Whales are mammals.
3. The Harry Potter Novel is the number 1 best-selling book of all time.
4. Not all dogs belong to the canine family.
5. Wolves are canine.
6. The universe was created with a Big Bang.
7. Paper is made from trees.
8. Water plants can filter pollution.
9. China is the best country in the world.
10. Some plants can be watered once a week.
STATEMENT
STATEMENT
CLAIM
CLAIM
STATEMENT
CLAIM
STATEMENT
CLAIM
CLAIM
CLAIM
25. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing
elit. Donec tempor ultrices odio, nec rhoncus ex
dignissim quis. Sed sollicitudin nunc non nisl
pulvinar suscipit. Suspendisse ultricies nunc justo, et
commodo ligula luctus quis. Nunc dictum ex vel
dapibus imperdiet. Morbi ut auctor arcu.
Project 2
ESTUDIO SHODWE
November 2020
