3. Overview of Purification and Quality
Determination of Plant Mitochondria
Source: Huang et al (2014) Plant Proteomics: Methods and Protocols.1072: 499-526
4. Gel Based
Non-Gel Based
Protein Separation Procedures for Analysing Plant
Mitochondrial Proteome
Source: Millar et al (2005) TRENDS in Plant Science 10(1): 36-43
• 2D IEF/SDS PAGE
• 2D BN/SDS PAGE
• 2D BN/BN PAGE
• 2D SDS/SDS
PAGE
• 1D SDS PAGE
• 3D BN/IEF/SDS
PAGE
• 1D Liquid
Chromatography
(LC)
• 2D LC
5. Division of Mitochondrial Proteome
Mito-
Proteome
Metabolism and biosynthesis
Oxidative stress and redox regulation
Cellular signaling components
Regulation of transcription, translation and
protein complex assembly
Modified From: Millar et al (2005) TRENDS in Plant Science 10(1): 36-43
7. Highlights
Respiratory traits linked to many important agronomic properties
Summarizing of biochemical and physiological studies of mitochondrial
respiration in wheat
Impact of wheat mitochondrial proteomics by integrating data from
current proteomics approaches and wheat respiration literature
Current status of the wheat mitochondrial proteome
8. Wheat Mitochondria: Well Characterized
Biological System
Electron
transport chain
Metabolite
transport
C-to-U RNA
Editing
Cytoplasmic
Male Sterility
(CMS)
Stress
response
9. Mt genome lacks the genes encoding certain Complex II
subunits
Lack of the type 2 alternative oxidases
Long gene form (with a large N-terminal repeat) of the pyruvate
dehydrogenase complex
Import of tRNA sequences and the editing of mRNA sequences
Comparisons Between Wheat Mitochondria
and Other Species
10. Wheat Respiratory Physiology
Analysis of rate of consuming O2 and releasing
CO2 when incubated in darkness
Very challenging to document across
entire life cycle
Fate of fixed carbon within a wheat plant
Respiration is linked to biomass and yield
of this important crop
11. Target trait Mitochondrial mechanism
Biomass production
• Favorable carbon balance
• Low maintenance expenditure
• Respiratory efficiency
Stress tolerance
• Induction of ROS defenses
• Respiratory homeostasis under stress
• Specific protein isoforms linked to tolerance
• Novel stress-induced mitochondrial proteins
CMS • Aberrant ETC complex abundance
Organ-specific respiratory
properties
• Grain respiration synchronized with starch
remobilization
• Slower root respiration
Photosynthesis support • Alternative pathway engagement
CO2 fertilization • Faster sink respiration in roots and grains
Strategies to Improve Wheat Using Mitochondrial
Traits
12. General Responses of Mitochondrial Proteome
Source: Rao et al (2016) Mitochondrion DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2016.07.002
13. Application of Wheat Mitochondrial Proteomics
to Define Specific Breeding Targets
Source:Jacobyetal(2016)JournalofProteomics143:36-44
14. Mechanism of physiological male sterility (PHYMS) and cytoplasmic male
sterility (CMS) of wheat at the proteomic level
71 differentially expressed mt proteins involved in pollen abortion
Proposed mitochondria-mediated male sterility protein network in wheat
Provide intriguing insights into the metabolic pathway of anther abortion
induced by CHA-SQ-1 and identify the crucial proteins of PHYMS and CMS
in wheat
15. Interactions of Mitochondrion- and Nucleus-Encoded mt-
proteins Conferring Male Fertility or Sterility in Rice
Source: http://6e.plantphys.net/topic21.04.html
19. Among 71 DEPs, 68 (~96%) functionally annotated in database,
whereas three (spots 69–71) annotated as unknown
Functional classification of identified proteins
