Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam, known as the Missile Man of India, was an Indian scientist and politician who served as the 11th President of India. As a scientist, Kalam worked on developing ballistic missile and launch vehicle technology in India. Some of his key roles included being the project director of India's first satellite launch vehicle and serving as Chief Scientific Adviser to the Prime Minister and Secretary of Defence Research and Development Organisation. After his presidency, Kalam continued advocating for development of India's youth and authored several popular science books. He received numerous honors including India's highest civilian award, the Bharat Ratna. Kalam passed away in 2015 at the age of 83