Cows are typically milked either 2 or 3 times per day. Milking is the process of removing milk from the mammary glands, usually of cattle or water buffalo, either by hand or machine. The milking process must be completed within 6-8 minutes due to the hormonal effect of oxytocin that aids the "let down" of milk. Following the scientific method of milking has advantages like avoiding udder injuries, enabling clean milk production, and preventing mastitis. Key requirements include milking skills and experience, minimizing animal disturbance, and gentle handling.