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MICRO-SPECIES LIFE CYCLES AND
CLIMATE CHANGE
Angelo B. Jabilles
Asst. Prof. 3, Dept. of Natural Science and Mathematics
Marikina Polytechnic College
Climate Change
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ngePhilippines/?_rdc=1&_rdr
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angePhilippines/?_rdc=1&_rdr
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hangePhilippines/?_rdc=1&_rdr
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=ufsqZOx4dro
INTRODUCTION
Micro-species
https://images.slideplayer.com/20/605
9764/slides/slide_1.jpg
https://image.slidesharecdn.com/06viruses-120111073931-
phpapp02/95/06-viruses-1-728.jpg?cb=1326267731
https://media.buzzle.com/media/images-
en/photos/botany/fungi/1200-323481-plant-diseases-
caused-by-fungi.jpg
https://image.shutterstock.com/image-
illustration/protozoa-260nw-265723376.jpg
INTRODUCTION
What is the impact of climate change on
the life cycles of micro-species?
1. Climate Change and Micro-species
Climate change is natural and human caused (Patz, J.A. 2002).
The former is in accordance with the usual course of nature
while the latter is in accordance with the activity of men.
Warming of Earth atmosphere is evident, i.e., 0.5OC increased,
is partly attributed to such anthropogenic emission,
(McMichael, A.J. et.al. 2006). The increase of atmospheric
temperature is one of the indicators of climate change in a
certain region; the atmospheric temperature across the globe
varies.
The following are the impacts of climate change on the micro-species life
cycles:
a. Bacteria
Cholera
Source:
http://www.healthline.co
m/health-news/cholera-
risk-remains-high-today-
but-vaccine-can-control-
epidemic-070615
Cholera victim
Source:
http://www.ijdh.org/2014/04
/topics/health/unacceptable/
Hence, the increase of the
number of human diseases in
different parts of the globe was a
clear manifestation that there was
a rapid increase in number of
bacterial population in every
country and within that context,
bacterial life cycles change its
replication phase.
b. Micro-algae
https://3c1703fe8d.site.internapcdn.net/newman/gfx/news
/hires/2017/howmarinealg.jpg
One of the currently identified issues presenting risks
and benefits to ocean health is climate change which
includes extreme weather, and natural events like
tsunamis, (Fleming, L.E., 2014). In US coastal waters,
harmful algal blooms increase with rapid frequency
during climate change (Jacobs, J. et.al. 2015). Some algal
blooms produce toxin that can cause disease in humans
that contact them. However, algal blooms can be also
attributed to chemical pollution and nutrient imbalances,
some researchers around the globe are linking algal
blooms to climate change (Shapiro, K. 2012).
c. Virus
H5N1 virus
Source:
https://followtheoutbre
ak.wordpress.com/tag/h
5n1/
H5N1 victim
Source:
http://tuoitrenews.vn/s
ociety/17053/first-
human-death-from-
h5n1-flu-in-vn-this-year
The occurrence of viruses in different parts of
the globe indicate that there is an increase in
the population of viruses and this further
reveals that life cycle of viruses changes.
Dengue virus
Source:
http://www.onlymy
health.com/genetic
s-dengue-virus-
1302525136
Dengue victim
Source:
http://archives.sundayo
bserver.lk/2014/06/15/
spe50.asp
d. Micro-fungi
https://encrypted-
tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRNboUf7xfh3VBurOyDjH
GQOUrDGxxbTWv9YyJ9ozoaCoZo5BO8
https://www.lacombecounty.com/images/stories/fhb.jpg
e. Protozoans
https://www.sacsplash.org/sites/main/files/imagecache/medi
um/photos/protozoan3.jpg
https://c8.alamy.com/comp/X3NC16/culture-cells-microscope-
microscopic-einzeller-protozoen-pantoffeltierchen-X3NC16.jpg
2.Changes in micro-species life cycle
Environmental changes like increase of temperature and
increase of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) significantly
affect the entire ecosystem (Andresen, L.C., et.al. 2015).
CONCLUSION
Micro-species life cycles are affected by climate
change, and has the potential to mutate which
means that people’s health is at risk on the
emergence of micro-species at the advent of
climate change.
REFERENCES
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Kutateladze, L.Y. et.al. (2016). Microscopic fungi spread in different types of soils in Western Georgia. Annals of
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McMichael, A.J., Woodruff, R.E. & Hales, S. (2006). Climate change and human health: present and future risks.
Lancet 2006, 3, 859-866. doi: 10.1016/50140-6736(06)
Meisner, A., Rousk, J. & Baath, E. (2015). Prolonged drought changes the bacterial growth response to rewetting.
Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 88, 314-322. Retrieved from http://www.sciencedirect.com
Newbery, F., Qi, A. & Fitt, B. DL. (2016). Modelling impacts of climate change on arable crop diseases: progress,
challenges and applications. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 32, 101-109. Retrieved from
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Ogden, N.H. et.al. (2014). Estimated Effects of Projected Climate Change on the Basic Reproductive Number of the
Lyme Disease Vector Ixodes scapularis. Environmental Health Perspectives,122(6), 631. Retrieved from
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Patz, J.A. (2002). A human disease indicator for the effects of recent global climate change. PNAS, 99(20), 12506-
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Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 81(17), 6070-6077. doi: 10.1128/AEM.00557-15
Schindlbacher, A. et.al. (2011). Experimental warming effects on the microbial community of a temperate mountain
forest soil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, (43), 1417 – 1425. doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.03.005
Schnecker, J. et.al. (2016). Little effects on soil organic matter chemistry fractions after seven years of forest soil
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Thank you!

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Micro-species life cycles and Climate Change

  • 1. MICRO-SPECIES LIFE CYCLES AND CLIMATE CHANGE Angelo B. Jabilles Asst. Prof. 3, Dept. of Natural Science and Mathematics Marikina Polytechnic College
  • 4. What is the impact of climate change on the life cycles of micro-species?
  • 5. 1. Climate Change and Micro-species Climate change is natural and human caused (Patz, J.A. 2002). The former is in accordance with the usual course of nature while the latter is in accordance with the activity of men. Warming of Earth atmosphere is evident, i.e., 0.5OC increased, is partly attributed to such anthropogenic emission, (McMichael, A.J. et.al. 2006). The increase of atmospheric temperature is one of the indicators of climate change in a certain region; the atmospheric temperature across the globe varies.
  • 6. The following are the impacts of climate change on the micro-species life cycles: a. Bacteria Cholera Source: http://www.healthline.co m/health-news/cholera- risk-remains-high-today- but-vaccine-can-control- epidemic-070615 Cholera victim Source: http://www.ijdh.org/2014/04 /topics/health/unacceptable/ Hence, the increase of the number of human diseases in different parts of the globe was a clear manifestation that there was a rapid increase in number of bacterial population in every country and within that context, bacterial life cycles change its replication phase.
  • 7. b. Micro-algae https://3c1703fe8d.site.internapcdn.net/newman/gfx/news /hires/2017/howmarinealg.jpg One of the currently identified issues presenting risks and benefits to ocean health is climate change which includes extreme weather, and natural events like tsunamis, (Fleming, L.E., 2014). In US coastal waters, harmful algal blooms increase with rapid frequency during climate change (Jacobs, J. et.al. 2015). Some algal blooms produce toxin that can cause disease in humans that contact them. However, algal blooms can be also attributed to chemical pollution and nutrient imbalances, some researchers around the globe are linking algal blooms to climate change (Shapiro, K. 2012).
  • 8. c. Virus H5N1 virus Source: https://followtheoutbre ak.wordpress.com/tag/h 5n1/ H5N1 victim Source: http://tuoitrenews.vn/s ociety/17053/first- human-death-from- h5n1-flu-in-vn-this-year The occurrence of viruses in different parts of the globe indicate that there is an increase in the population of viruses and this further reveals that life cycle of viruses changes. Dengue virus Source: http://www.onlymy health.com/genetic s-dengue-virus- 1302525136 Dengue victim Source: http://archives.sundayo bserver.lk/2014/06/15/ spe50.asp
  • 11. 2.Changes in micro-species life cycle Environmental changes like increase of temperature and increase of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) significantly affect the entire ecosystem (Andresen, L.C., et.al. 2015).
  • 12. CONCLUSION Micro-species life cycles are affected by climate change, and has the potential to mutate which means that people’s health is at risk on the emergence of micro-species at the advent of climate change.
  • 13. REFERENCES Andresen, L.C. et.al. (2015). Permanent managed grassland at future climate change: is there a connection between GHG emission and composition of plant and microbial communities?. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 29, 156-157. Retrieved from http://www.sciencedirect.com Beugnet, F and Chalvet-Monfray K (2013). Impact of climate change in the epidemiology of vector-borne diseases in domestic carnivore. Comparative, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, (36), 559-566. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cimid.2013.07.003 Bhattacharyya, P.N., et al. (2016). Perspective of beneficial microbes in agriculture under changing climatic scenario: A review. Journal of Phytology, (8), 26 – 41. doi: 10.19071/jp.2016.v8.3022 Bradbury, J. (2002). Climate change linked to human disease. The Lancet Infectious Disease, 2, 588. Retrieved from http://infection.thelancet.com DeNicola, E. et.al (2015). Climate change and water scarcity: The case of Saudi Arabia. Annals of Global Health, 81(3), 342 – 353. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j .aogh.2015.08.005 DU Yao-Dong, et.al. (2013). Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health and Adaptation Strategies in South China. Advances in Climate Change Research, 4(4), 208-214. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1248.2013.208 Ellison, D. et.al. (2017). Trees, forests and water: Cool insights for a hot world. Global Environmental Change, 43, 51-61. Retrieved from http://www.sciencedirect.com
  • 14. REFERENCES Escobar, L.E. et.al. (2015). A global map of suitability for coastal Vibrio cholera under current and future climate conditions. Acta Tropica, (149), 202 – 211. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.05.028 Fleming, L.E., (2014). Oceans and Human Health: A rising tide of challenges and opportunities for Europe. Marine Environmental Research, (99), 16 – 19. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2014.05.010 Han, J.Y. et.al. (2016). Seasonal dynamics of mycorrhizal fungi in Paphiopedilum spicerianum (Rchb. F) Pfitzer – A critically endangered orchid from China. Global Ecology and Conservation, (6), 327 – 338. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2016.03.011 Holmner, A., Mackenzie, A. & Krengel, U. (2010). Molecular basis of cholera blood-group dependence and implications for a world characterized by climate change. Febs Letters, 584, 2548-2555. Retrieved from http://www.sciencedirect.com Jacobs, J. et.al. (2015). A framework for examining climate-driven changes to the seasonality and geographical range of coastal pathogens and harmful algae. Climate risk management, (8), 16 – 27. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crm.2015.03.002 Kaur, J., et.al. (2014). Effects of climate change on plants associated microbial communities and enzyme activities. African Journal of Microbiology Research, 8(33), 3087-3093. doi: 10.5897/AJMR2014.6750
  • 15. REFERENCES Kutateladze, L.Y. et.al. (2016). Microscopic fungi spread in different types of soils in Western Georgia. Annals of Agrarian Science, (14), 227 – 232. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aasci.2016.08.007 McMichael, A.J., Woodruff, R.E. & Hales, S. (2006). Climate change and human health: present and future risks. Lancet 2006, 3, 859-866. doi: 10.1016/50140-6736(06) Meisner, A., Rousk, J. & Baath, E. (2015). Prolonged drought changes the bacterial growth response to rewetting. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 88, 314-322. Retrieved from http://www.sciencedirect.com Newbery, F., Qi, A. & Fitt, B. DL. (2016). Modelling impacts of climate change on arable crop diseases: progress, challenges and applications. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 32, 101-109. Retrieved from http://www.sciencedirect.com Ogden, N.H. et.al. (2014). Estimated Effects of Projected Climate Change on the Basic Reproductive Number of the Lyme Disease Vector Ixodes scapularis. Environmental Health Perspectives,122(6), 631. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1307799 Patz, J.A. (2002). A human disease indicator for the effects of recent global climate change. PNAS, 99(20), 12506- 12508. doi: 10.1073/pnas212467899 Romualdez, A.G. Jr., et.al. (2011). The Philippines Health System Review. Retrieved from http://www.wpro.who.int/publications/library_services/en/
  • 16. REFERENCES Rui, J., et.al. (2015). Responses of Bacterial Communities to Simulated Climate Changes in Alpine Meadow Soil of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 81(17), 6070-6077. doi: 10.1128/AEM.00557-15 Schindlbacher, A. et.al. (2011). Experimental warming effects on the microbial community of a temperate mountain forest soil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, (43), 1417 – 1425. doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.03.005 Schnecker, J. et.al. (2016). Little effects on soil organic matter chemistry fractions after seven years of forest soil warming. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 103, 300-307. Retrieved from http://www.sciencedirect.com Shapiro, K. (2012). Climate and coastal habitat change: A recipe for a dirtier ocean. Marine Pollution Bulletin, (64), 1079 – 1080. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.01.040 Short, E.E. et.al. (2017). Climate change contribution to the emergence or re-emergence of parasitic diseases. Infectious Diseases: Research and Treatment, (10), 1 – 7. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/1178633617732296 Tapia-Garay, V. et.al. (2018). Assessing the risk zones of Chagas’ disease in Chile, in a world marked by global climatic change. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz, 113(1), 24 – 29. doi: 10.1590/0074-02760170172 Tesei, D. et.al. (2012). Alteration of protein patterns in black rock inhabiting fungi as response to different temperatures. British Mycological Society, (116), 932-940. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.funbio.2012.06.004
  • 17. REFERENCES Ts Sodnompil (2005). Health Sector Strategic Master Plan: 2006-2015. Retrieved from http://www.wpro.who.int/publications/library_services/en/ WHO-China (2013). China-WHO: Country Cooperation Strategy 2013-2015. Retrieved from http://www.wpro.who.int/publications/library_services/en/ WHO-Europe (2016). Greece: Profile of Health and Well-being. Retrieved from http://www.wpro.who.int/publications/library_services/en/ WHO-H5N1 avian influenza update (2014). H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza: Timeline of major events. Retrieved from http://www.wpro.who.int/publications/library_services/en/ WHO Progress Report (2014). Asia Pacific Strategy for Emerging Diseases: Progress Report 2014. Retrieved from http://www.wpro.who.int/publications/library_services/en/ WHO-Status Report (2016). Ebola Virus Diseases: 10 June 2016. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/csr/disease/ebola/en WHO-Western Pacific Region (2012). WHO Multi-Country Cooperation Strategy for the Pacific: 2013-2017. Retrieved from http://www.wpro.who.int/publications/library_services/en/ Wu, X. et.al, (2016). Impact of climate change on human infectious diseases: Empirical evidence and human adaptation. Environment International, (86), 14-23. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2015.09.007
  • 18. REFERENCES Yang, T.Y. and Sarfaty, M. (2016). Zika virus: A call to action for physicians in the era of climate change. Preventive Medicine Report, (4), 444-446. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2016.07.011 Zell, R. (2004). Global climate change and the emergence/re-emergence of infectious diseases. Int. J. Med. Microbial, 293(37), 16-26. Retrieved from http://www.urbanfischer.de/journals/ijmm