The document discusses different architectural styles including monolith, microservices architecture (MSA), serverless functions, and hybrid architectures. It also covers common concerns for MSA including configuration management, service discovery, load balancing, API gateways, security, logging, metrics, tracing, resilience, auto-scaling, packaging and more. Specific technologies mentioned that address these concerns include Spring Cloud, Netflix OSS, Kubernetes, Eureka, Ribbon, Zuul and others.