This chapter covers the basics of C programming using the PIC16F887 microcontroller, illustrating concepts through practical examples such as LED control. It includes details on setting up the microcontroller, data types, and control structures like loops, along with coding examples for LED patterns. Key topics include variable declaration, bitwise operations, and the construction of functions for LED blinking and lighting patterns.

1. Microprocessor
Lecturer: PhD. Nguyễn Trọng Kiên
Department Head of Signal Processing and Communications,
Posts & Telecommunications Institute of Technology, HCM City.

2. CHAPTER 4: < PIC16F887
MICROCONTROLLER: THE
BASICS OF C PROGRAMMING
LANGUAGE>

3. Chapter 4: C Programming
3
In this chapter, I aim to use LEDs as a
practical example to demonstrate C
programming concepts, rather than just
explaining C programming in theory.

4. LED Connection
4
Current Calculation

5. Proteus
5
Connect 8 LEDs to PORTD as follows:
Reset Button Crystal

6. Compiler - Create a new Project
6
Project Wizard Device Selection: PIC16F887
Crystal: 20 MHz

7. Compiler – a Blinky LED
7

8. Data Direction
8
Bit 1 indicates input, bit 0 indicates output .
Ex:
set_tris_d(0x00); -> all pins of PORT D are output

9. DATA TYPES IN C LANGUAGE
9
DATA TYPE
NUMBER
OF BITS
RANGE
int1 1 0 to 1
unsinged int8 8 0 to 255
signed int8 8 -128 to 127
unsigned int16 16 0 to 65535
signed int16 16 -32768 to 32767
unsigned int32 32 0 to 4294967295
signed int32 32 -2147483648 to 2147483647

10. 10
This line tells the compiler to include
the header file for the PIC16F887
Blinky LED - PORTD
Nowdt: disables Watchdog Timer
hs: High-Speed Oscillator
Noput : disables Power-Up Timer
Noprotect: disables Code Protection

11. 11
This line tells the compiler to include
the header file for the PIC16F887
Blinky LED - PORTD

12. Build a Call Function
12
void is used when a function performs an action but doesn't return
any data.
Void blinkLED() Void blinkLED(unsigned int16 t)

13. Example 01: LEDs blink only 10 times
13
Suggestion:
1. Declare an variable I to count the number.
2. Use while (k <10) { k++;} or for loop
while(expression)
{
commands
...
}
The commands are executed
repeatedly (the program
remains in the loop) until
the expression becomes
false.
Or:
for(k=0; k<10; k++)
{
operation
...
}
Increase variable k (from 1 to 5)
and repeat expression operation
every time increase.

14. Example 01: LEDs blink only 10 times
14
Code Solution

15. C Programming: Declare ARRAYS
15
ONE-DIMENSIONAL ARRAY:
component_type array_name [number_of_components
Example:
unsigned int8 calendar [12] =
{31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31};
date = calendar [5];
// now date value is 30
TWO-DIMENSIONALARRAY
int8 Table[2][3] = {3,42,1, 7,7,19};
temp = Table[0][2];
// now temp value is 1

16. Example 02: Controlling a single LED to gradually light
up from right to left
16
Suggestion:
1. Declare an variable:
UNSIGNED INT8 led_pattern_sang[8] = {0x01, 0x03, 0x07,
0x0F, 0x1F, 0x3F, 0x7F, 0xFF};
2. Use FOR(I=0;I<8;I++)

17. Example 02: Controlling a single LED to gradually light
up from right to left
17
Suggestion:
1. Declare an variable:
UNSIGNED INT8 led_pattern_sang[8] = {0x01, 0x03, 0x07,
0x0F, 0x1F, 0x3F, 0x7F, 0xFF};
2. Use FOR(I=0;I<8;I++)
Solution Code:

18. BITWISE OPERATORS
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OPER MEANING EXAMPLE RESULT
~ Bitwise
complement a = ~b b = 11110000 a = 00001111
<< Shift left a = b << 2 b = 11110011 a = 11001100
>> Shift right a = b >> 3 b = 11110011 a = 00011110
& Bitwise AND c = a & b a = 11100011
b = 11001100
c = 11000000
| Bitwise OR c = a | b a = 11100011
b = 11001100 c = 11101111
^ Bitwise EXOR c = a ^ b a = 11100011
b = 11001100 c = 00101111

19. Example 03: Controlling a single LED to gradually light
up and turn off from right to left
19
Suggestion:
1. Declare an variable I to count the number, X as an output
value
2. Use FOR(I=0;I<8;I++) ; X = (X<<1)+0X01;

20. Example 03: Controlling a single LED to gradually light
up and turn off from right to left
20
Suggestion:
1. Declare an variable I to count the number, X as an output
value
2. Use FOR(I=0;I<8;I++) ; X = (X<<1)+0X01;
Solution Code:

21. Thank you!