TYPES OF MICROORGANISMS AND THEIR DESCRIPTION

1. MICROORGANISMS
-CAN BE SEEN
ONLY THROUGH
A MICROSCOPE

2. MICROORGANISMS
1. FUNGI

3. 1. FUNGI
*TRIVIA
-DO YOU KNOW THAT THE SUPER
MUSHROOM FOUND ON THE
SUPERMARIO IS BASED ON A TRU
FUNGI CALLED “AMANITA MUSCARIA”
(RED WITH WHITE DOTS CAP).
MUSHROOM ON THE GAME MAKES
SUPER MARIO GROW IN SIZE.

6. *AMANITA MUSCARIA IS JUST ONE
EXAMPLE OF 144, 000 KNOWN
SPECIES OF ORGANISMS IN
KINGDOM FUNGI
*IS MUSHROOM CONSIDERED AS
PLANT?

7. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FUNGI
1. EUKARYOTIC-MEANS THEY HAVE
DNA ENCLOSED INSIDE A NUCLEUS
AND THEY HAVE MEMBRANE BOUND
ORGANELLES
2. HETEROTROPHIC-MEANS THEY ARE
CONSUMERS, THEY NEED TO EAT
OTHER ORGANISMS TO SURVIVE

8. CHARACTERISTICS OF FUNGI
1. THEY DO NOT HAVE TRUE ROOTS,
STEMS AND LEAVES
2. THEY DO NOT HAVE THE GREEN
PIGMENT CHLOROPHYLL
*CHLOROPHYLL-GREEN PIGMENT
THAT TRAPS LIGHT TO CARRY OUT
PHOTOSYNTHESIS.
*PHOTOSYNTHESIS-PROCESS OF
MAKING THEIR OWN FOOD

9. 3. THEIR CELL WALLS CONTAIN CHITIN
*CHITIN-SAME MATERIAL FOUND ON
EXOSKELETON OF BEETLES AND OTHER
INSECTS (HARD COAT OF BEETLES)
THAT’S WHY MUSHROOMS HAVE
HARD CAPS
*FUNGI MAY LOOK LIKE PLANTS BUT
THEY ARE NOT
*FUNGI DO NOT HAVE CHLOROPHYLL
SO IT CANNOT CARRY
PHOTOSYNTHESIS

11. QUESTION: HOW DO FUNGI
OBTAIN NUTRITION?
*SAPROTROPHIC NUTRITION
-FUNGI GET THEIR OWN FOOD ON
DEAD AND DECAYING MATTER
(PLANTS AND ANIMALS)
-FUNGI ARE CALLED AS
SATROPHYTES

14. TYPES OF FUNGI
1. BLACKBREAD MOLDS (RHIZOPUS
STOLONIFER)
-WHITISH, GREENISH OR BLACKISH
IN COLOR
-CAN GROW ON DIFFERENT TYPES
OF BREAD AND SOFT FRUITS LIKE
BANANA, APPLES AND
STRAWBERRY

17. 2. BAKERS YEAST
(SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE)
-SINGLE CELLED ORGANISM THAT
CARRY OUT FERMENTATION
*FERMENTATION-PROCESS IN
WHICH CARBOHYDRATES BREAK
DOWN INTO CARBON AND
ALCOHOL BY THE ACTION OF
YEAST/BACTERIA

20. 3. MUSHROOM
-UMBRELLA-LIKE STRUCTURE
CALLED THE FRUITING BODY
* FRUITING BODY-CONTAINS
SPORES USED IN REPRODUCTIVE
CYCLE OF FUNGI

23. BENEFICIAL FUNGI
1. FUNGI ACTS AS DECOMPOSERS
-USEFUL IN DECOMPOSITION OF DEAD
MATERIALS AND ORGANIC WASTES
2. EDIBLE FOOD SOURCE
-INGREDIENTS IN SOUP AND PIZZA
3. FOOD PRODUCTION-YEAST USED IN
BAKING TO ALLOW BREAD AND CAKE
TO RISE
EX: MUFFINS, BISCUITS, BREADS,
CUPCAKES, CAKES AND PUTO

24. 4. MEDICINE AS ANTIBIOTIC
-PENICILIN WAS DISCOVERED BY
ALEXANDER FLEMING AS ANTIBIOTIC
*FLEMING ACCIDENTALLY DISCOVERED
THAT THIS MOLD (PENICILLIUM
NOTATUM) INHIBITED THE INCREASE
OF BACTERIA (STAPHYLOCOCCUS
AUREAS). FROM THAT INCIDENT, MASS
PRODUTION OF MOLD WAS MADE
AND NAMED THE DRUG PENICILIN
WHICH CURED A LOT OF DISEASE

28. HARMFUL FUNGI
1. PATHOGENIC FUNGI CAUSING
ATHLETES FOOT, RINGWORMS AND
SCALP INFECTION
2. BREAS ON MOLDS IS HARMFUL
TO HEALTH AND TRIGGER
BREATHING PROBLEMS TO
ALLERGIC TO MOLDS

30. MICROORGANISMS
2. BACTERIA

32. *DID YOU KNOW THAT MOST
BACTERIA ARE ACTUALLY GOOD?
*IN OUR BODY, A HEALTHY
BALANCE IS 85% GOOD BACTERIA
AND 15% BAD BACTERIA. THEY
HELPED IN DIGESTION AND
DEFEND FROM BAD BACTERIA. OF
ALL BACTERIA, ONLY 1% MAKES
YOU SICK.

33. 2. BACTERIA
-SINGLE CELLED PROKARYOTES
-HAVE STRONG CELL WALLS
(PEPTIDOGLYCAN CELL WALLS)

36. 3 TYPES OF BACTERIA ACCORDING
TO SHAPE
1. COCCUS (COCCI)-
ROUND/CIRCLE BACTERIA
EX: STREPTOCOCCUS
PNEUMONIAE (BACTERIA CAUSING
PNEUMONIA, BACTERIAL
INFECTION IN LUNGS)

38. 2. BACILLUS (BACILLI)-ROD-SHAPED
BACTERIA
(STICK BAR SHAPE)

40. EX: BACILLUS ANTHRACIS
(BACTERIA CAUSING ANTHRAX)
(INFECTED BY ANTHRAX WHEN
EATEN CONTAMINATED BEEF OF
GOAT, COW AND CARABAO WHICH
ARE CONSIDERED DEAD ALREADY)

41. 3. SPIRILLA –SPIRAL SHAPED
(TWIST)
EX: CAMPYLOBACTER JEJUNI
(BACTERIA CAUSING DIARRHEA OR
FOOD POISONING FROM
CONTAMINATED WATER AND
FOOD

43. 3 TYPES OF BACTERIA ACCRODING
TO ARRANGEMENT
1. DIPLO-PAIRS
2. STREPTO-CHAINS
3. STAPHYLO-CLUSTERS
4. TETRA-PACKETS OF FOUR

45. BENEFICIAL BACTERIA
1. MICROBIOTA-NATURAL GOOD
BACTERIA FOUND INSIDE THE BODY(
GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT OR
INTESTINES) THAT KEEPS OUR BODY
HEALTHY
-BACTERIA HELP IN BREAKING DOWN
FOOD TO AID IN DIGESTION AND TO
KEEP YOU HEALTHY AND GROWING

46. 2. FOOD PRODUCTION-PRODUCTION
OF DAIRY PRODUCTS LIKE CHEESE,
YOGHURT AND BUTTER
*YAKULT-PROBIOTIC DRINK THAT
CONTAINS BACTERIA WHICH AID IN
DIGESTION
3. CHEMICAL RECYCLES-BACTERIA ARE
DECOMPOSERS WHICH BREAK DOWN
DEAD MATERIALS AND RECYCLE IT
BACK IN THE ENVIRONMENT

47. 4. NITROGEN FIXERS-BACTERIA ARE
CAPABLE OF CONVERTING NITROGEN
INTO SOMETHING USEFUL FOR THE
PLANTS
*ATMOSPHERE-78% NITROGEN GAS,
CANNOT BE USEDD BY PLANTS UNLESS
THEY HAVE NITROGEN FIXING
BACTERIA ON ROOT NODULES
CONTAINING RHIZOBIUM
*LEGUMES LIKE PEANUTS, SOYBEANS,
MONGO AND WEEDS

49. 5. MEDICINES
*STREPTOMYCES GRICEUS
-UTILIZED IN THE PRODUCTION OF
STREPTOMYCIN, AN ANTIBIOTIC
USED FOR TREATING TB
(TUBERCULOSIS)
*ESCHERICHA COLI-UTILIZED IN
PRODUCTION OF INSULIN, USED
AS MAINTENANCE FOR DIABETES

50. HARMFUL BACTERIA
1. PSEUDOMONAS BACTERIA
CAUSING FOOD SPOILAGE
2. PATHOGENIC BACTERIA
CAUSING
A. CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI
(TETANUS)
B. CLOSTRIDIUM BOTULINUM
(BOTULISM OR FOOD POISONING)

52. MICROORGANISMS
3. VIRUS

54. 3. VIRUS
HAVE YOU EVER HAD A FLU?
*VIRUSES- THESE ARE NOT LIVING
ORGANISMS BECAUSE THEY CANNOT
CARRYOUT THE PROCESS OF
REPRODUCTION
-TO REPRODUCE, THEY NEEDED A HOST
(LIVING BEING) TO LIVE
-THE HOST WILL BE INFECTED BY THE
VIRUS BY REPLICATING ITSELF AND
COPYING ITSELF TO INFECT THE ENTIRE
HOST

55. STRUCTURE OF VIRUS
-GENETIC MATERIAL (DNA/RNA) IS FOUND
INSIDE THE EXTERIOR STRUCTURE CALLED
CAPSID
*DISEASES CAUSED BY VIRUS
1. INFLUENZA
2. COMMON COLDS
3. GASTROENTERITIS (SEVERE DIARRHEA)