Michael Brown as a news icon
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The shooting of Michael Brown by a police officer cued an intense reaction from citizens, officials, and activists. Guided by the theory of indexing during “event-driven” news and the literature on protest coverage, this paper investigates the voices in the news following Brown’s shooting. A content analysis of five newspapers during the first cycle of protests analyzed three aspects of the media coverage of Ferguson. First, we assessed the reliance on official and nonofficial sources in the content published. Second, we tested the relationship between official and nonofficial sources to episodic or thematic coverage. Third, we tested the relationship between sources and the frames of the “protest paradigm,” a pattern of coverage emphasizing violence and deviant behavior. Findings reveal that nonofficial sources dominated the coverage after the shooting. But such sources challenged neither the episodic nature of the coverage nor negative portrayal of protestors. Therefore, our unique linking of the theory of indexing and protest coverage literature reveals that the nonofficial sources’ access is not enough to deter “protest paradigm” coverage. Frames emphasizing violence and clashes with the police were overwhelmingly more present than those emphasizing protestors’ grievances and demands. Our findings also reveal that frames emphasizing deviance prevailed more in the local newspaper than in national outlets. Overall, the predominance of nonofficial sources was not accompanied by thematic stories and critical viewpoints.
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Michael Brown as a news icon
The shooting of Michael Brown by a police officer cued an intense reaction from citizens, officials, and activists. Guided by the theory of indexing during “event-driven” news and the literature on protest coverage, this paper investigates the voices in the news following Brown’s shooting. A content analysis of five newspapers during the first cycle of protests analyzed three aspects of the media coverage of Ferguson. First, we assessed the reliance on official and nonofficial sources in the content published. Second, we tested the relationship between official and nonofficial sources to episodic or thematic coverage. Third, we tested the relationship between sources and the frames of the “protest paradigm,” a pattern of coverage emphasizing violence and deviant behavior. Findings reveal that nonofficial sources dominated the coverage after the shooting. But such sources challenged neither the episodic nature of the coverage nor negative portrayal of protestors. Therefore, our unique linking of the theory of indexing and protest coverage literature reveals that the nonofficial sources’ access is not enough to deter “protest paradigm” coverage. Frames emphasizing violence and clashes with the police were overwhelmingly more present than those emphasizing protestors’ grievances and demands. Our findings also reveal that frames emphasizing deviance prevailed more in the local newspaper than in national outlets. Overall, the predominance of nonofficial sources was not accompanied by thematic stories and critical viewpoints.
Framing #VemPraRua
The document discusses research on media framing of the 2013 protests in Brazil. It presents hypotheses that the more people participate in protests, the more legitimizing frames the media will use (H1). Additionally, the broader the collective action frames of the protests, the more legitimizing frames will be used (H2). The study uses computerized content analysis of news websites, blogs, and Twitter to analyze frames over time. Preliminary results suggest the media initially used more confrontational frames but shifted to more legitimizing frames as protest participation and resonance of rights-based frames increased, supporting H1 and H2. Future research is needed comparing media frames to collective action frames used by social movement organizations.
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- 17.9% of tweets from 430 political journalists analyzing the debate contained attempts at humor. Newspaper reporters had a slightly higher percentage.
- The use of humor was only positively correlated with retweets, not other Twitter activities like mentions or hyperlinks.
- While journalists traditionally restrain humor for objectivity, Twitter allows more transparency and engagement with audiences. Humor on the platform marks a break from strict reporting practices and could challenge elite news discourse.
Communication's Next Top Model
This study compared the Differential Gains Model and Communication Mediation Model in predicting political participation and knowledge. The Communication Mediation Model, which posits that interpersonal communication mediates the effects of mass communication, was more supported. Political discussion was found to better serve as a mediator rather than an interaction term. Fox News uniquely predicted participation and knowledge compared to other media. Online discussion also motivated political engagement. Direct media effects were larger than interactive effects on participation, while media reliance effects were larger than media-interaction effects on participation and knowledge.
Mass Communication Research
This document discusses key topics in the development of communication research including the nature and scope of communication research. It outlines 13 milestones in mass communication research from the 1930s to the 1970s. Some of the major milestones discussed include the Payne Fund Studies from 1933-1935 which examined the effects of movies on children, Herta Herzog's 1944 research on radio gratifications which helped develop the uses and gratification approach, and agenda setting research from the 1970s which examined how media can influence political priorities and issues.
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The growing mediatization of everyday life has led to the emergence of new forms of social movements and political contestation. While this trend can be examined meaningfully through the lenses of traditional political, journalistic, and activist cultures, there is something about the distinct combination of communicative action and affective labor that carries uniquely transformative implications (Castells 2015). Whereas popular, individualized articulations of affective empowerment, and personal politics have been criticized for their lack of bearing on material realities (Barnard 2016b), alternative forms of expression on social media appear to have much deeper resonance with political and activist cultures, and therefore much greater chances at contributing to social change. Nevertheless, collective identity and collective action, supported through active engagement with networked technologies, are requisite characteristics of new social movements.
Whether on the ground, on Twitter, or both, participants in the #Ferguson protests expressed feelings of outrage against major social institutions—namely the criminal justice system and the mainstream media. This paper will examine the role that citizen journo-activists play in the transformation of political and journalistic cultures. As a hybrid, journo-activist space, tweeting #Ferguson quickly emerged as an effective way for interested actors to network and spread their message. Similarly, many networked journalists—increasingly referred to as “j-tweeters” (Hedman 2015)—have taken to Twitter to collect and share information about the events in Ferguson. Using a combination of digital ethnography and content analysis of tweets from #Ferguson, this study examines journalistic and activist uses of Twitter as well as the correspondent implications for changes in field relations and practices. Given the growing convergence of these two fields, as well as their concurrent practices, this case study provides unique insights about the role of digital media in efforts aiming to share information and bolster social change.Identifying Partisan Slant in News Articles and Twitter during Political Crises
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Michael Brown as a news icon
The shooting of Michael Brown by a police officer cued an intense reaction from citizens, officials, and activists. Guided by the theory of indexing during “event-driven” news and the literature on protest coverage, this paper investigates the voices in the news following Brown’s shooting. A content analysis of five newspapers during the first cycle of protests analyzed three aspects of the media coverage of Ferguson. First, we assessed the reliance on official and nonofficial sources in the content published. Second, we tested the relationship between official and nonofficial sources to episodic or thematic coverage. Third, we tested the relationship between sources and the frames of the “protest paradigm,” a pattern of coverage emphasizing violence and deviant behavior. Findings reveal that nonofficial sources dominated the coverage after the shooting. But such sources challenged neither the episodic nature of the coverage nor negative portrayal of protestors. Therefore, our unique linking of the theory of indexing and protest coverage literature reveals that the nonofficial sources’ access is not enough to deter “protest paradigm” coverage. Frames emphasizing violence and clashes with the police were overwhelmingly more present than those emphasizing protestors’ grievances and demands. Our findings also reveal that frames emphasizing deviance prevailed more in the local newspaper than in national outlets. Overall, the predominance of nonofficial sources was not accompanied by thematic stories and critical viewpoints.
Framing #VemPraRua
The document discusses research on media framing of the 2013 protests in Brazil. It presents hypotheses that the more people participate in protests, the more legitimizing frames the media will use (H1). Additionally, the broader the collective action frames of the protests, the more legitimizing frames will be used (H2). The study uses computerized content analysis of news websites, blogs, and Twitter to analyze frames over time. Preliminary results suggest the media initially used more confrontational frames but shifted to more legitimizing frames as protest participation and resonance of rights-based frames increased, supporting H1 and H2. Future research is needed comparing media frames to collective action frames used by social movement organizations.
I love Big Bird
This document analyzes journalists' use of humor on Twitter during the first 2012 US presidential debate:
- 17.9% of tweets from 430 political journalists analyzing the debate contained attempts at humor. Newspaper reporters had a slightly higher percentage.
- The use of humor was only positively correlated with retweets, not other Twitter activities like mentions or hyperlinks.
- While journalists traditionally restrain humor for objectivity, Twitter allows more transparency and engagement with audiences. Humor on the platform marks a break from strict reporting practices and could challenge elite news discourse.
Communication's Next Top Model
This study compared the Differential Gains Model and Communication Mediation Model in predicting political participation and knowledge. The Communication Mediation Model, which posits that interpersonal communication mediates the effects of mass communication, was more supported. Political discussion was found to better serve as a mediator rather than an interaction term. Fox News uniquely predicted participation and knowledge compared to other media. Online discussion also motivated political engagement. Direct media effects were larger than interactive effects on participation, while media reliance effects were larger than media-interaction effects on participation and knowledge.
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This document discusses key topics in the development of communication research including the nature and scope of communication research. It outlines 13 milestones in mass communication research from the 1930s to the 1970s. Some of the major milestones discussed include the Payne Fund Studies from 1933-1935 which examined the effects of movies on children, Herta Herzog's 1944 research on radio gratifications which helped develop the uses and gratification approach, and agenda setting research from the 1970s which examined how media can influence political priorities and issues.
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Whether on the ground, on Twitter, or both, participants in the #Ferguson protests expressed feelings of outrage against major social institutions—namely the criminal justice system and the mainstream media. This paper will examine the role that citizen journo-activists play in the transformation of political and journalistic cultures. As a hybrid, journo-activist space, tweeting #Ferguson quickly emerged as an effective way for interested actors to network and spread their message. Similarly, many networked journalists—increasingly referred to as “j-tweeters” (Hedman 2015)—have taken to Twitter to collect and share information about the events in Ferguson. Using a combination of digital ethnography and content analysis of tweets from #Ferguson, this study examines journalistic and activist uses of Twitter as well as the correspondent implications for changes in field relations and practices. Given the growing convergence of these two fields, as well as their concurrent practices, this case study provides unique insights about the role of digital media in efforts aiming to share information and bolster social change.Identifying Partisan Slant in News Articles and Twitter during Political Crises
In this paper, we are interested in understanding the interrelationships between mainstream and social media in forming public opinion during mass crises, specifically in regards to how events are framed in the mainstream news and on social networks and to how the language used in those frames may allow to infer political slant and partisanship. We study the lingual choices for political agenda setting in mainstream and social media by analyzing a dataset of more than 40M tweets and more than 4M news articles from the mass protests in Ukraine during 2013-2014 — known as "Euromaidan" — and the post-Euromaidan conflict between Russian, pro-Russian and Ukrainian forces in eastern Ukraine and Crimea. We design a natural language processing algorithm to analyze at scale the linguistic markers which point to a particular political leaning in online media and show that political slant in news articles and Twitter posts can be inferred with a high level of accuracy. These findings allow us to better understand the dynamics of partisan opinion formation during mass crises and the interplay between mainstream and social media in such circumstances.
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Aprendizaje autonomo
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(3) The conclusion is that local media in Amazonas exaggerates the role of criminals and drugs, while underrepresenting actual victims. This shapes public perceptions in ways that do not reflect reality.
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Framing Theory and Gang Culture- Comparing At-Risk Youths’ Perception of Gang...
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Resources are an integral and necessary component of social movement mobilization.
Media exposure represents an important resource for movements having few
assets. Therefore, many movements consciously seek media attention to enhance
their chance of success. This article argues that media attention often impedes
movement success. The positive or negative outcome of media attention largely
depends on how media agents "frame" movement goals and actions. How the
media frames movement protest is an unknown outcome for a movement. Decisions
about framing depend on several factors, some of which lie outside the
control of movement actors. I use NBC EveningNews coverage of Native American
protest from 1968 - 1979 in an attempt to understand these factors. This case
study shows the dysfunctions of media attention.
SOC101 Introduction To Sociology.docx
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Amenta 2009 social_movements_and_media
Why did some social movement organization (SMO) families receive extensive media
coverage? In this article, we elaborate and appraise four core arguments in the literature
on movements and their consequences: disruption, resource mobilization, political
partisanship, and whether a movement benefits from an enforced policy. Our fuzzy-set
qualitative comparative analyses (fsQCA) draw on new, unique data from the New York
Times across the twentieth century on more than 1,200 SMOs and 34 SMO families. At
the SMO family level, coverage correlates highly with common measures of the size and
disruptive activity of movements, with the labor and African American civil rights
movements receiving the most coverage. Addressing why some movement families
experienced daily coverage, fsQCA indicates that disruption, resource mobilization, and
an enforced policy are jointly sufficient; partisanship, the standard form of “political
opportunity,” is not part of the solution. Our results support the main perspectives, while
also suggesting that movement scholars may need to reexamine their ideas of favorable
political contexts.
Mass media and its impact on society
Mass media refers to communication technologies that reach a mass audience, including newspapers, magazines, television, radio, and the internet. There are four main types of mass media: print media, broadcast media, outdoor media, and the internet. Mass media plays several important roles in society, including shaping public opinion and political agendas, acting as a link between the government and people, and serving as a watchdog on the government. The impacts of mass media are complex and controversial, with some research finding strong media effects while other research finds little to no effects.
Surname 1ProfessorNameSubjectDateDescriptionIn t.docx
Surname 1
Professor:
Name:
Subject:
Date:
Description
In this paper, I will centre on Development for Dark Lives to decide if the messages the association endeavours to convey coordinate to the casings of the media. The Twitter hashtag #blacklivesmatter was at first utilised "after seventeen-year-old Trayvon Martin was posthumously placed on trial for his murder and the killer […] was not held accountable for the crime he committed… as a response to the anti-black racism that permeates our society” (Randall and Lisa). The hashtag and in this manner the development removed off and developed from a response to a string of exceptionally plugged events of police ruthlessness bringing about the passings of a few unarmed Dark individuals and the recordings of the killings being shared crosswise over internet-based life, making a national discourse. These activities denoted the start of development and started consideration over the Assembled States. This movement is often referred to as Black Lives Matter since this statement as a hashtag on social media is what led to the growth of the action.
This study attempts to uncover and understand the language used and the pictures painted about the Movement for Black Lives through media frames. The research examines cable news network Fox News as well as one daily national newspaper, the New York Times. The study utilised the New York Times because the paper is considered the arbiter of news with regard to setting the agenda in the United States and because it is the “national print source most widely used by collective action researchers” (Emanuel and Ezekiel 17).
Analysis
Interpretation
While the Fox News uses video sources as its investigative platform, the New York Times uses article content with attached links to confirm the narrative. This demonstrated the difference in these media outlet in their approach to investigative reporting. Although the Fox News develop interviews with prominent individual and is attractive to most of the American Citizen, the operation of the news may not be transparent and objective as the public believes. Besides, the people being interview lack the fact to back their information which interferes with the credibility of the presented message. On the other hand, the New York Times appears to have enforced transparency of the information. The source of information is backed with links which are used in the background to further the story and to progress the investigation. For instance, the main information has been picked and filtered to highlight some real facts which are relevant as background material. This key point heavily plays into what citizens view and are allowed to receive; essential the regulation over the import and export of information.
Evaluation
While the New York Times serves as a function of the “the 4th Estate for the nation, Fox News fails to consider the significance of “the 4th Estate” to the society. The outlets differ in their passing along.
Andrews 2010 movement_organizations_media_attention_and_the_public_agenda
Increasingly, scholars have come to see the news media as playing a pivotal role in shaping
whether social movements are able to bring about broader social change. By drawing attention
to movements’ issues, claims, and supporters, the news media can shape the public
agenda by influencing public opinion, authorities, and elites. Why are some social movement
organizations more successful than others at gaining media coverage? Specifically, what organizational,
tactical, and issue characteristics enhance media attention? We combine detailed
organizational survey data from a representative sample of 187 local environmental organizations
in North Carolina with complete news coverage of those organizations in 11 major daily
newspapers in the two years following the survey (2,095 articles). Our analyses reveal that
local news media favor professional and formalized groups that employ routine advocacy tactics,
mobilize large numbers of people, and work on issues that overlap with newspapers’
focus on local economic growth and well-being. Groups that are confrontational, volunteerled,
or advocate on behalf of novel issues do not garner as much attention in local media outlets.
These findings have important implications and challenge widely held claims about the
pathways by which movement actors shape the public agenda through the news media.
THESIS final
The document discusses media censorship and its effect on public discourse. It argues that media outlets censor information by selectively reporting stories that appeal to their target audiences, failing to ask difficult questions, and framing issues in polarized ways. This can damage public trust and understanding of complex issues. The document also examines how government and self-censorship influence the information that reaches the public, and how agenda-setting and framing theories show that the media has significant power to shape public perceptions through censorship and biased reporting. Overall, the document argues that a transparent, uncensored media is vital for an informed citizenry and democratic society.
PS 101 The Media And American Politics
Slide show prepared for a series of lectures on the media and American politics for PS 101 American Government at the University of Kentucky, Fall 2007. Dr. Christopher S. Rice, Lecturer.
The Media and American Politics
The document discusses various aspects of media coverage of American politics. It addresses what constitutes "the media", what types of events tend to get covered, and the importance of high-quality information for democracy. It also examines sources that Americans use to get their political information, the impact of media concentration, and whether the media has a liberal or conservative bias. Finally, it discusses the different roles media can play in a democracy, such as common carrier, watchdog, signaler and public representative.
Indexing theory of political mass communication - Prepared by Fiza Zia Ul Hannan
Indexing theory of political mass communication - Prepared by Fiza Zia Ul HannanDr. Fiza Zia Ul Hannan
The document discusses the relationship between media and foreign policy. It outlines several key theories on this relationship, including Walter Lippmann's view that the public is dependent on media for information, Bernard Cohen's argument that media can become instruments of public officials, and the indexing hypothesis proposed by Bennett that media coverage reflects the range of views among elites. The indexing hypothesis suggests media give more attention to elite viewpoints and are more critical when elites disagree. Several studies provide empirical evidence supporting indexing theory, though some critics argue it overlooks the possibility journalists may take independent stances.More Related Content
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Aprendizaje autonomo
El documento define el aprendizaje autónomo como un proceso de adquisición de habilidades y conocimientos a través del estudio o la experiencia que posibilita la autonomía y claridad de objetivos. Describe las características como la disposición y el uso de diversos medios, y los principios básicos como privilegiar al estudiante como actor de su propio aprendizaje. También discute las ventajas como la generación de más conocimiento e independencia, y las desventajas como la dificultad de adaptación.
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This document analyzes teacher turnover rates, teacher-student ratios, and high school graduation rates for Dallas ISD and three neighboring districts: Plano, Garland, and Richardson. The authors collected data from the Texas Education Agency website and created graphs comparing the key metrics across the four districts. They found a correlation between lower teacher turnover rates and higher graduation rates. They also discovered that districts with lower teacher-student ratios tended to have higher graduation rates, with Plano ISD ranking highest in graduation rates and lowest in teacher-student ratio.
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(1) The document analyzes the portrayal of crime in local media in Amazonas, Brazil compared to actual crime statistics.
(2) An analysis of TV crime shows found they depicted more violent and random crimes than actual statistics, which show most victims of non-lethal crimes are black, male, young, and poor. TV shows underrepresented black and female victims.
(3) The conclusion is that local media in Amazonas exaggerates the role of criminals and drugs, while underrepresenting actual victims. This shapes public perceptions in ways that do not reflect reality.
Aprendizaje autonomo
El documento define el aprendizaje autónomo como un proceso de adquisición de habilidades y conocimientos a través del estudio o la experiencia que posibilita la autonomía y claridad de objetivos. Describe las características como la disposición y el uso de diversos medios, y los principios básicos como privilegiar al estudiante como actor de su propio aprendizaje. También señala condiciones como el esfuerzo y las habilidades genéricas, y ventajas como generar más conocimiento e independencia, así como desventajas como
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Media exposure represents an important resource for movements having few
assets. Therefore, many movements consciously seek media attention to enhance
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depends on how media agents "frame" movement goals and actions. How the
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protest from 1968 - 1979 in an attempt to understand these factors. This case
study shows the dysfunctions of media attention.
SOC101 Introduction To Sociology.docx
The conflict perspective views inequality as disrupting society rather than contributing to its smooth functioning. According to conflict theorists, the media plays a key role in gatekeeping and determining what information is disseminated. Gatekeeping is the process by which a large number of potential messages are narrowed down to those that can be effectively disseminated. The individuals in command of the media determine what the public sees and consumes. New media is challenging established gatekeeping roles and allowing more individuals to freely exchange information.
New Media V/s News Values
This document discusses how new media has impacted news values and journalism. It provides an overview of classical news values according to Johan Galtung and Marie Holmboe Ruge, which include impact, audience identification, and pragmatics of media coverage. Popular 2014 news stories from Google are then analyzed based on these classical news values. While no single story satisfies all twelve values, stories with more negativity and impact received more attention. The document argues that online journalists, not citizen journalists, should adhere to news values to ensure quality journalism.
Fred Swenson Research Paper
This document summarizes research on the relationship between terrorist organizations and mass media. It discusses how terrorists have become "learning organizations" that strategically use media coverage to disseminate their messages and evaluate the effectiveness of their actions. While some argue terrorists and media have a symbiotic relationship where more coverage encourages more attacks, the document also notes that terrorism is ineffective in countries without free press. It examines techniques terrorists use to manipulate media coverage and how their understanding of audiences helps shape their tactics.
Amenta 2009 social_movements_and_media
Why did some social movement organization (SMO) families receive extensive media
coverage? In this article, we elaborate and appraise four core arguments in the literature
on movements and their consequences: disruption, resource mobilization, political
partisanship, and whether a movement benefits from an enforced policy. Our fuzzy-set
qualitative comparative analyses (fsQCA) draw on new, unique data from the New York
Times across the twentieth century on more than 1,200 SMOs and 34 SMO families. At
the SMO family level, coverage correlates highly with common measures of the size and
disruptive activity of movements, with the labor and African American civil rights
movements receiving the most coverage. Addressing why some movement families
experienced daily coverage, fsQCA indicates that disruption, resource mobilization, and
an enforced policy are jointly sufficient; partisanship, the standard form of “political
opportunity,” is not part of the solution. Our results support the main perspectives, while
also suggesting that movement scholars may need to reexamine their ideas of favorable
political contexts.
Mass media and its impact on society
Mass media refers to communication technologies that reach a mass audience, including newspapers, magazines, television, radio, and the internet. There are four main types of mass media: print media, broadcast media, outdoor media, and the internet. Mass media plays several important roles in society, including shaping public opinion and political agendas, acting as a link between the government and people, and serving as a watchdog on the government. The impacts of mass media are complex and controversial, with some research finding strong media effects while other research finds little to no effects.
Surname 1ProfessorNameSubjectDateDescriptionIn t.docx
Surname 1
Professor:
Name:
Subject:
Date:
Description
In this paper, I will centre on Development for Dark Lives to decide if the messages the association endeavours to convey coordinate to the casings of the media. The Twitter hashtag #blacklivesmatter was at first utilised "after seventeen-year-old Trayvon Martin was posthumously placed on trial for his murder and the killer […] was not held accountable for the crime he committed… as a response to the anti-black racism that permeates our society” (Randall and Lisa). The hashtag and in this manner the development removed off and developed from a response to a string of exceptionally plugged events of police ruthlessness bringing about the passings of a few unarmed Dark individuals and the recordings of the killings being shared crosswise over internet-based life, making a national discourse. These activities denoted the start of development and started consideration over the Assembled States. This movement is often referred to as Black Lives Matter since this statement as a hashtag on social media is what led to the growth of the action.
This study attempts to uncover and understand the language used and the pictures painted about the Movement for Black Lives through media frames. The research examines cable news network Fox News as well as one daily national newspaper, the New York Times. The study utilised the New York Times because the paper is considered the arbiter of news with regard to setting the agenda in the United States and because it is the “national print source most widely used by collective action researchers” (Emanuel and Ezekiel 17).
Analysis
Interpretation
While the Fox News uses video sources as its investigative platform, the New York Times uses article content with attached links to confirm the narrative. This demonstrated the difference in these media outlet in their approach to investigative reporting. Although the Fox News develop interviews with prominent individual and is attractive to most of the American Citizen, the operation of the news may not be transparent and objective as the public believes. Besides, the people being interview lack the fact to back their information which interferes with the credibility of the presented message. On the other hand, the New York Times appears to have enforced transparency of the information. The source of information is backed with links which are used in the background to further the story and to progress the investigation. For instance, the main information has been picked and filtered to highlight some real facts which are relevant as background material. This key point heavily plays into what citizens view and are allowed to receive; essential the regulation over the import and export of information.
Evaluation
While the New York Times serves as a function of the “the 4th Estate for the nation, Fox News fails to consider the significance of “the 4th Estate” to the society. The outlets differ in their passing along.
Andrews 2010 movement_organizations_media_attention_and_the_public_agenda
Increasingly, scholars have come to see the news media as playing a pivotal role in shaping
whether social movements are able to bring about broader social change. By drawing attention
to movements’ issues, claims, and supporters, the news media can shape the public
agenda by influencing public opinion, authorities, and elites. Why are some social movement
organizations more successful than others at gaining media coverage? Specifically, what organizational,
tactical, and issue characteristics enhance media attention? We combine detailed
organizational survey data from a representative sample of 187 local environmental organizations
in North Carolina with complete news coverage of those organizations in 11 major daily
newspapers in the two years following the survey (2,095 articles). Our analyses reveal that
local news media favor professional and formalized groups that employ routine advocacy tactics,
mobilize large numbers of people, and work on issues that overlap with newspapers’
focus on local economic growth and well-being. Groups that are confrontational, volunteerled,
or advocate on behalf of novel issues do not garner as much attention in local media outlets.
These findings have important implications and challenge widely held claims about the
pathways by which movement actors shape the public agenda through the news media.
THESIS final
The document discusses media censorship and its effect on public discourse. It argues that media outlets censor information by selectively reporting stories that appeal to their target audiences, failing to ask difficult questions, and framing issues in polarized ways. This can damage public trust and understanding of complex issues. The document also examines how government and self-censorship influence the information that reaches the public, and how agenda-setting and framing theories show that the media has significant power to shape public perceptions through censorship and biased reporting. Overall, the document argues that a transparent, uncensored media is vital for an informed citizenry and democratic society.
PS 101 The Media And American Politics
Slide show prepared for a series of lectures on the media and American politics for PS 101 American Government at the University of Kentucky, Fall 2007. Dr. Christopher S. Rice, Lecturer.
The Media and American Politics
The document discusses various aspects of media coverage of American politics. It addresses what constitutes "the media", what types of events tend to get covered, and the importance of high-quality information for democracy. It also examines sources that Americans use to get their political information, the impact of media concentration, and whether the media has a liberal or conservative bias. Finally, it discusses the different roles media can play in a democracy, such as common carrier, watchdog, signaler and public representative.
Indexing theory of political mass communication - Prepared by Fiza Zia Ul Hannan
Indexing theory of political mass communication - Prepared by Fiza Zia Ul HannanDr. Fiza Zia Ul Hannan
The document discusses the relationship between media and foreign policy. It outlines several key theories on this relationship, including Walter Lippmann's view that the public is dependent on media for information, Bernard Cohen's argument that media can become instruments of public officials, and the indexing hypothesis proposed by Bennett that media coverage reflects the range of views among elites. The indexing hypothesis suggests media give more attention to elite viewpoints and are more critical when elites disagree. Several studies provide empirical evidence supporting indexing theory, though some critics argue it overlooks the possibility journalists may take independent stances.English 101 Research PaperThe research paper is the most impo.docx
English 101 Research Paper
The research paper is the most important out-of-class writing assignment of the semester. It will be peer-reviewed in class before revision and submission in its final form. The due dates for all drafts are given in your syllabus. The essay will be graded on completion of the various phases of the assignment (topic selection, preliminary list of sources, outline, peer review) as well as the content of the final draft.
Instructions:
The paper must be written in MLA format, including a formal outline.
The approximate length of the essay is 8 to 10 pages.
The paper must cite at least 5 research sources, including the following:
- Doctor Zhivago
· One full-length text (book) by an authority on your topic. Recommended sources are books and ebooks specifically on your topic that appear in the LAMC library catalog. This requirement may also be satisfied by citing a textbook for a relevant subject such as political science, psychology, sociology or history.
· One scholarly journal article from the LAMC library databases. This will be an article designated “scholarly” or “peer reviewed” in one of the databases such as ProQuest or CQ Researcher.
· One other periodical. This may be a second scholarly journal article, or it may be a major metropolitan newspaper or a news magazine.
· One Internet site. This may be the web site of an organization that offers authoritative information on your topic, a web site that specializes in news reporting, or a web site you use as an example of popular opinion or pop culture.
In some cases, other sources such as interviews or government documents may be used as well.
Do not use or cite informal sources such as web sites that collect or sell student papers (e.g. echeat.com or 123helpme.com),blogs maintained by individuals or groups that do not have solid academic credentials, or Q&A sites such as ehow or about.com. Acceptable web sites include those maintained by university departments, libraries, museums or government agencies.
You may choose to consult dictionaries and encyclopedias to gain a better understanding of terminology and the history of some aspects of your topic. If so, these should be listed on your Works Cited page. However, they are not substitutes for the required sources listed above, and the information you use from them should be limited to definitions and basic background information.
The required five sources must not only be listed on your Works Cited page, but must be either quoted or paraphrased in the text of your essay.
Topic Choice Guidelines:
The topic is the influence of public perception of/by a social movement through the control of information in a particular historical period. This may involve propaganda techniques or censorship involving messages in entertainment media, journalism, public assemblies, communications technology, education and other institutions. You may consider a variety of sources of information and mea ...
Defense _ Presentation _ July 2012
This document is the thesis presented by Christine Leclerc-Sherling to the faculty of Marist College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Master of Arts degree in Organizational Communication and Leadership. The thesis examines the role of the source in framing wars and conflicts through web-based photo essays. It reviews literature on photo essays, persuasion theory, war and media, NGOs, and peace journalism. The methodology section describes a content analysis of 145 photo essays from various media outlets and NGOs covering 45 countries. Key findings include that the source influenced the dominant journalistic style in about 45% of essays and some sources used significantly more propaganda than others. The discussion considers implications around viewer interpretation and
Media Bias PowerPoint
This document discusses several key concepts related to media literacy and journalism:
1) Agenda setting refers to how the media influences audiences by choosing which stories to cover and how prominently to cover them.
2) Priming occurs when media coverage suggests issues for audiences to use in evaluating leaders and government.
3) Framing is how the media portrays issues by determining what to include or exclude in stories, which can be conscious, instinctive, or culturally influenced.
4) Examples are given of how the Iraq War, Penn State scandal, and KKK rally could be framed differently based on what aspects of the story the media chooses to emphasize.
Media Bias Research Paper
The document discusses media bias and its effects. It argues that most news outlets have their own agendas that result in omitting some truths from stories. People often only hear one side of stories and believe what they are told without considering potential biases. This can create divides between people who consume different media and cause them to become entrenched in their own beliefs. The document advocates for people being more discerning about where they get their information and whether it can be fully trusted.
Role of Media for Boosting the Morale of Audience during COVID 19 Pandemic A ...
Mass media is considered as a powerful force on shaping and presenting the world to the masses. The role of media in the times of crisis and how effectively public health communication is carried out by media is also studied here. The study brings out the relevance of media analysis during the time of pandemic and its effectiveness in communicating the information on pandemic to the masses. The study also aims to understand the role of opinion leader done by media during pandemic using survey method with structured questionnaire. The study has clearly shown justice to find out the role of media in promoting unity in pandemic times and also monitored media role of dissemination of true information to the masses. The study also focussed on effectiveness of crisis management by media during pandemic. Dr. Saranya Thaloor "Role of Media for Boosting the Morale of Audience during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Critical Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-4 , June 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31373.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/journalism/31373/role-of-media-for-boosting-the-morale-of-audience-during-covid19-pandemic-a-critical-study/dr-saranya-thaloor
Movements and media: Selection processes and evolutionary dynamics in the pu...
This document discusses how social movements and political authorities interact primarily through mass media rather than direct confrontation. It argues that authorities react based on how movement activities are portrayed in media, and movements learn about opportunities and constraints through reactions in the public sphere. The dynamics of this mediated interaction can be viewed as an evolutionary process, where only a few messages gain visibility and resonance in the limited media space. Three selection mechanisms are identified - visibility, resonance, and legitimacy - that affect whether contentious messages spread. The article uses the evolution of strategies used by the German radical right in the 1990s to illustrate this argument.
PO303b
This document provides an outline for a paper that will investigate how media outlets cover stories about female suicide bombers. The paper aims to examine how western media reports on female suicide bombers compared to male bombers, and to understand discrepancies in coverage. The methodology will involve reviewing secondary sources on the topic, gathering primary source news articles from western and alternative outlets like Al Jazeera, and analyzing patterns in how gender influences portrayal. The paper acknowledges limitations like potential bias in some Arab news sources and the large volume of articles to review.
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Andrews 2010 movement_organizations_media_attention_and_the_public_agenda
Andrews 2010 movement_organizations_media_attention_and_the_public_agenda
Indexing theory of political mass communication - Prepared by Fiza Zia Ul Hannan
Indexing theory of political mass communication - Prepared by Fiza Zia Ul Hannan
English 101 Research PaperThe research paper is the most impo.docx
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The document discusses the results of a study on the effects of a new drug on memory and cognitive function in older adults. The double-blind study involved giving either the new drug or a placebo to 100 volunteers aged 65-80 over a 6 month period. Testing showed those receiving the drug experienced statistically significant improvements in short-term memory retention and processing speed compared to the placebo group.
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Framing Vem pra Rua
This document analyzes how Brazilian media outlets framed the 2013 protests in Brazil on news websites, blogs, and Twitter. It finds that initially, news websites used more "confrontation" frames but later shifted to more "legitimizing" frames as protest participation grew and demands became more generic and resonant. Blogs emphasized "debate" frames from the start. Twitter news accounts followed public support on Twitter, mirroring trends seen in previous Brazilian protests. The rise of a "rights" frame correlated with increased legitimizing coverage, supporting the hypotheses. Further analysis of frame sponsorship and impact on social movements is recommended.
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Social media1
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Michael Brown as a news icon
- 1. Michael Brown as a news icon Event-driven news and its impact on protest paradigm Rachel R Mourao Danielle Kilgo George Sylvie The University of Texas at Aus3n
- 5. What voices were heard?
- 6. The degree of conflict among official sources (such as elected and government officials, and police personnel) determines critical coverage of the issue EVENT-DRIVEN NEWS News thrives from developments of events themselves, instead of the daily routine of institutional organizations
- 7. Media routinely delegitimize and marginalize social movement organizations that challenge the status quo. INDEXING + EVENT-DRIVEN + PROTEST PARADIGM
- 8. RQs and hypothesis RQ1: Which types of sources were used in the coverage of Ferguson by the mainstream press? RQ2: Which type of coverage – episodic or thematic – is prevalent in the coverage of Ferguson? RQ3: Are there any differences in the use of official/nonofficial sources between episodic and thematic content items? RQ4: What protest frames did the mainstream press use in covering Ferguson protests? H1: Episodic content items are more likely to adhere to protest paradigm frames (riot and confrontation) than thematic content items. RQ5: How does the use of official/nonofficial sources relate to protest paradigm frames?
- 9. Methods Content analysis of newspaper articles during the first cycle of protests (Aug. 8- Sep. 8) The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, USA TODAY, The Washington Post and St. Louis Post-Dispatch
- 10. Methods Generic Frames: episodic or thematic Protest paradigm: riot, confrontation and debate N= 623
- 11. Sources & episodic/thematic (RQ1, RQ2 and RQ3)
- 13. Frames of protest & sources (RQ5) Confrontation
- 14. Frames of protest & episodic/thematic (H2)
- 15. Which voices were heard? Non-official sources, but not critical Protest paradigm remains intact, especially for local newspapers Future studies: – How does coverage expand to accommodate dissent (e.g. DOJ report)? – Role of gender – Ethnography of sourcing practices
- 16. What does it mean?