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Mi patho
This document outlines the pathophysiology of an acute myocardial infarction (MI). It describes how a buildup of plaque in the coronary arteries can activate platelets, leading to thrombosis and blockage of blood flow. This causes ischemia in the heart muscle and a cascade of effects including altered cell function, acidosis, arrhythmias, and decreased contractility. If not resolved, the result is myocardial cell death and potentially loss of consciousness. Modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors for an acute MI are also listed.
Mi patho
- 1. www.NursesLabs.com Altered Repolarization of the Myocardium Release of Lysosomal Enzymes Anaerobic Lactic Acid Glycolysis Production Myocardial Irritability Decreased Contractility ANGIN DYSRHYTHMI A A ↓ Ventricular Function ↑ Preload ↓ CO ↓ Blood Flow to Brain LOSS OF CONS- CIOUSNESS 3
- 2. www.NursesLabs.com Enlargement of Thrombus Occlusive Thrombus WEAKNESS/FATIGUE (JULY 17- Ischemia of Tissue in Region PALPITATION Supplied by Artery S ↓ O2 Coronary Blood Supply Less Than Demand ↑ CO2 levels MYOCARDIAL CELL DEATH (NECROSIS) ↓ Bld pH DEEP & Stimulation of LABORED Sympathetic NS BREATHIN G ↑ O2 need ↑ Afterload ↑ HR Vasoconstriction ↑ Epinephrine & Norepinephrine Production HTN ↑ BMR ↓ Blood Supply to ARRHYTHMI GI Tract A DIAPHORESI N/V S 2
- 3. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF ACUTEMI (BOOK- www.NursesLabs.com BASED) . ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION MODIFIABLE FACTORS: NONMODIFIABLE FACTORS: Hypertension Smoking Aging ↑ levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol & LDL Gender(Male) Obesity Excessive intake of saturated fats, carbohydrates or salt Sedentary lifestyle/physical inactivity Stress/Type A personality Change in the Condition of Plaque in the Coronary Artery Activation of Platelets Rest Pain Platelet Aggregation, Adhesion, & Buildup of Claudi- Platelet Mass cation ATHERO- THROMBOSIS SCLEROSI N/V S Release of Thromboplastin Fainting Platelet release Thromboxane A2, Serotonin, Platelet Factors 3 Sweating &4 Coagulation and Vasospasm Cool extremities Enlargement of Thrombus 1
- 4. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF ACUTEMI (BOOK- www.NursesLabs.com BASED) . ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION MODIFIABLE FACTORS: NONMODIFIABLE FACTORS: Hypertension Smoking Aging ↑ levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol & LDL Gender(Male) Obesity Excessive intake of saturated fats, carbohydrates or salt Sedentary lifestyle/physical inactivity Stress/Type A personality Change in the Condition of Plaque in the Coronary Artery Activation of Platelets Rest Pain Platelet Aggregation, Adhesion, & Buildup of Claudi- Platelet Mass cation ATHERO- THROMBOSIS SCLEROSI N/V S Release of Thromboplastin Fainting Platelet release Thromboxane A2, Serotonin, Platelet Factors 3 Sweating &4 Coagulation and Vasospasm Cool extremities Enlargement of Thrombus 1
- 5. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF ACUTEMI (BOOK- www.NursesLabs.com BASED) . ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION MODIFIABLE FACTORS: NONMODIFIABLE FACTORS: Hypertension Smoking Aging ↑ levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol & LDL Gender(Male) Obesity Excessive intake of saturated fats, carbohydrates or salt Sedentary lifestyle/physical inactivity Stress/Type A personality Change in the Condition of Plaque in the Coronary Artery Activation of Platelets Rest Pain Platelet Aggregation, Adhesion, & Buildup of Claudi- Platelet Mass cation ATHERO- THROMBOSIS SCLEROSI N/V S Release of Thromboplastin Fainting Platelet release Thromboxane A2, Serotonin, Platelet Factors 3 Sweating &4 Coagulation and Vasospasm Cool extremities Enlargement of Thrombus 1
- 6. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF ACUTEMI (BOOK- www.NursesLabs.com BASED) . ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION MODIFIABLE FACTORS: NONMODIFIABLE FACTORS: Hypertension Smoking Aging ↑ levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol & LDL Gender(Male) Obesity Excessive intake of saturated fats, carbohydrates or salt Sedentary lifestyle/physical inactivity Stress/Type A personality Change in the Condition of Plaque in the Coronary Artery Activation of Platelets Rest Pain Platelet Aggregation, Adhesion, & Buildup of Claudi- Platelet Mass cation ATHERO- THROMBOSIS SCLEROSI N/V S Release of Thromboplastin Fainting Platelet release Thromboxane A2, Serotonin, Platelet Factors 3 Sweating &4 Coagulation and Vasospasm Cool extremities Enlargement of Thrombus 1