This is a powerpoint(case presentation) for radiology and imaging resident.There are many animations used inside this presentation so to see all the pictures which are placed layer by layer with the help of animations you simple need to download this presentation first.... Thanx.
In this presentation imaging properties of primary bone tumors of the spinal column and sacrum are discussed in detail: Including ABC, plasmacytoma, giant cell tumor, etc.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
This is a powerpoint(case presentation) for radiology and imaging resident.There are many animations used inside this presentation so to see all the pictures which are placed layer by layer with the help of animations you simple need to download this presentation first.... Thanx.
In this presentation imaging properties of primary bone tumors of the spinal column and sacrum are discussed in detail: Including ABC, plasmacytoma, giant cell tumor, etc.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
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Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
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These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
How to Give Better Lectures: Some Tips for Doctors
metastaticbonedisease 060922.pptx
1.
2. ⦁ Skeletal metastases are the mostcommonvariety of bone
tumors and should always beconsidered in the differential
diagnosis, particularly in olderpatients
.
⦁ Cancersof thebreast, prostate, lung, andkidneyaccount for
80%of all metastaticcancerstobone.
3. ⦁ Inchildrenaged5yearsandyounger,neuroblastomais
usuallytheprimary tumor responsible for metastaticdisease
.
⦁ Tumor cellsseemtoacquireaspecial “geneticsignature”
that enablesthemto metastasize. In addition, the
microenvironment inbone, especiallymarrowstemcells,
supports cancercells in homing,differentiation, andsurvival.
4. ⦁ cancer cellsinfluenceosteoblastsandosteoclastsby
secretedfactors suchasparathyroidhormone–related
peptide(PTHrP) or endthilin1.Thisleadstoosteolyticor
osteoblasticmetastasesin bone;however,even osteoblastic
metastasesareaccompaniedbyincreasedboneresorption,
asisclinicallyevident bythetreatment responseto
bisphosphonatesinosteoblasticmetastasesof prostate
cancer.
5. ⦁ Stimulatedtumorcells releasefactorsthat induceosteoblasts
tosecrete RANK(receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa
b)–ligand orRANKL,whichis apotentfactor for osteoclast
formationandactivity.Osteoclasts,in turn, resorb boneand
thusreleaseadditional growthfactors that enhancethe
accumulationof cancer cells
6. ⦁ Relativelyrareinpatients<ageof 40.Therefore, patient age
is animportantdiscriminating factor in thediagnosis.
⦁ Metastasesusuallyinvolvetheaxial skeleton (skull, spine,
andpelvis) andthemostproximal segmentsof limbbones.
9. ⦁ 30%to50%of normal bonemineral must belost beforea
bonemetastasis becomesvisible onaradiograph .
⦁ Radionuclidebonescan- bestscreeningmethodforearly
detectionof metastatictumors.
⦁ (PET)scanning, - most sensitive.
⦁ Onradiography
, ametastaticlesionmayresembleanyof the
benignor malignant lesions.
10. ⦁ There are no radiographic characteristics of metastasis. The
type of bone destruction maybe geographic, moth-eaten, or
permeative, andthemarginsmaybewell orpoorly defined
.
⦁ Aperiostealreactionandasofttissuemassmayormaynot
bepresent, althoughthelatter situationismore common.
12. Osteolytic metastases. A: Osteolytic metastasis to the proximal femur from
carcinoma of the colon in a 52-year-old woman. B: Osteolytic metastasis to
the left ilium from carcinoma of the thyroid in an 83-year-old man.
13. ⦁ . Osteoblasticmetastasesrepresentapproximately15%ofall
metastaticlesions. Inmentheyarecausedmainlybyaprostatic
glandcanceroraseminoma . Inwomen theprimarysourceis
usuallycarcinoma of thebreast, uterus(particularlycervix), or ovary
. In bothgenders,metastasesmayoriginate fromcarcinoid tumors,
bladder tumors, certain neurogenictumors, including
medulloblastoma, andosteosarcoma
14. Sclerotic metastases. A: Multiple sclerotic foci of carcinoma of
the prostate. B: Sclerotic metastases of breast carcinoma
16. Osteolytic and sclerotic metastases. Osteolytic metastasis in the
medial endof the clavicle (arrows) andsclerotic metastasis in the
humeral head (open arrow) in a 27-year-old woman with a bronchial
carcinoid tumor.
17. ⦁ Thespreadof malignant cellstoinvolvetheskeletonusually
takesplacevia thehematogenous route. In suchinstances,
thebulkof thetumor lodgesinthemarrowandspongybone.
Therefore,theinitial radiography of metastatic lesionsin the
skeletonrevealsthedestructionof cancellousbone; only
after further tumorgrowthis thecortexaffected.
18. ⦁ Primary carcinomas of thekidneyandbladder and
melanomamayalsogiverise to cortical metastases. It is of
interestthatthemajorityof cortical metastasesaffect the
femur.
⦁ somtimesthemorphologicappearanceofametastasismay
suggestaspecific siteof origin. Forexample,bubbly,highly
expansive, so-called blow-out metastatic lesionsoriginate
fromaprimarycarcinomaof thekidneyorthyroid. Multiple
round,densefoci ordiffuseincreases in bonedensity are
oftenseeninmetastaticcarcinomaof theprostate.
19. ⦁ Ingeneral, metastaticbonediseaseischaracterized bya
combinationof boneresorptionandboneformation.
Radiographicimagingof thelesionswill reveal the
predominantprocess. Whenosteolysispredominates,the
lesionsappearlytic, andwhenboneformationis dominant,
theyappearsclerotic . Multiple sclerotic metastasesmay
present either in afocal pattern(multiple snowball
appearance)ormayhaveadiffusepattern(generalized
radiopacityof bones.
21. ⦁ It must bepointedout, however, that after treatment
(radiation therapy,chemotherapy,or hormonaltherapy),
purely lyticlesionsmaybecomesclerotic.Scintigraphy is
almost invariablypositiveinbonemetastases, and
increaseduptakeisobservedinbothscleroticandlytic
lesions.Thisphenomenonissecondarytotheincreased
boneturnoverandreactive repair at theperiphery of the
lesion . Radionuclide bonescanis helpfulfor distinguishing
metastaticdiseasefrommultiple myelomabecausethe
latter usually presentswith anormaluptakeof atracer
22. ⦁ Occasionally,widespread metastatic diseaseproducesa
diffuselyincreaseduptake throughout theskeleton rather
thandiscretehotspots.Thisso-called superscanappearance
is identified bytheabnormallyintenseboneuptake
⦁ Sometimesmetastasescausecoldspots(photopenic
defects)whenthereisbonedestructionbutinsignificant
reactiveboneformation; thismaybeobserved inmetastases
fromlungandbreast carcinoma.
23. Metastases distal to the elbowsandthe knees.A: Diffuse osteolytic
metastases to the ulna in a66-year-old woman with breast carcinoma. B:
Osteolytic metastasis to the midshaft of the right fibula of a 41-year-old woman
with hypernephroma.
24. Acrometastases. A: Osteolytic metastasis to the proximal phalanx of the left
thumbin a63-year-old manwith bronchogenic carcinoma. B:Osteolytic
metastasis to the distal phalanx of the right thumb( arrow) in a50-year-old
woman with breast carcinoma.
25. Cortical metastases. A: Osteolytic
cortical metastasis to the femur (arrow) in
a 62-year-old man with bronchogenic
carcinoma. Band C: Osteolytic cortical
metastases to the femur of an 82-year-old
man with bronchogenic carcinoma. Note
characteristic cookie-bite appearance of
the lesion on the lateral radiograph
(arrows). In three different patients, a 70-
year-old man(D), a 46-year-old woman
(E), and a 72-year-old woman (F), all with
bronchogenic carcinoma, computed
tomography sections demonstrate cortical
metastases in the femora
26. Skeletal metastases. A52-year-old man with
renal cell carcinoma (hypernephroma)
developed asolitary metastatic lesion in the
acromial endof the left clavicle. A: Radiograph
of the left shoulder shows an expansive blown-
out lesion associated with asoft tissue mass
destroying the distal endof the clavicle.C: In
another patient, a59-year-old womanwith
hypernephroma, ablown-out lesion is
associated with a soft tissue mass destroying
the acromial end of the right clavicle, acromion,
and glenoid.
27. Skeletal metastasis: (CT). A: An anteroposterior radiograph of the left hip
of a 50-year-old man with hypernephroma shows an osteolytic lesion almost
completely destroying the ischium (arrows). B: CT section demonstrates the
extent of bone destruction and a soft tissue extension of metastasis.
28. Skeletal metastasis: magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A: Anteroposterior radiograph
of the left hip shows a diffuse osteolytic metastatic lesion in the proximal
femur of a 60-year-old woman with breast carcinoma. B: Coronal T2*-
weighted (MPGR, TR 550, TE 15, flip angle 15 degrees) MRI demonstrates
increased signal of the lesion. The uninvolved bone marrow remains of low
signal intensity
30. ⦁ Metastatictumor isoftenhistologicallyidentical or very
similar totheprimary
, thusenablingaccurate identification.
⦁ Onmicroscopic examination, twoaspectsmustbe
considered.Thefirst is that of thetumortissueitself.
⦁ Thesecondhistologic aspectis the effect of themetastasis
onthebone,whichconstitutesacombinationof reactive
bonedestruction andreactiveproliferation.
31. Skeletal metastasis:(CT). Anteroposterior (A) andlateral (B)
radiographs of the distal arm of a 78-year-old man with bronchogenic
carcinoma show an osteolytic lesion in the posterolateral cortex of the
distal humerusassociated with periosteal reaction. C: CT section
shows cortical destruction, periosteal reaction, and a soft tissue mass
32. ⦁ Therearenocharacteristic radiologicfeaturesof metastasis.
Ametastaticlesionmaylooklikeaprimary benignor
malignant tumor,like afocus ofinfection, like ametabolic
disease, or evenlikeapost-traumatic abnormality
⦁ Thelengthof thelesionis oftenahelpful cluebecauselong
lesions(10cmorgreater)frequentlyrepresentaprimary
malignant tumor, whereas most metastaticlesionsare
smaller, between2and4cminlength
36. Skeletal metastasis with soft tissue mass.A70-year-old woman with
breast carcinoma developed a skeletal metastasis to the thoracic vertebra.
Note a large associated soft tissue mass
37. Skeletal metastases. Metastases from bronchogenic carcinoma in a
45-year-old woman destroyed the right pedicles of vertebrae T8 and
T10 (arrows).
41. Condensing osteitis of the clavicle. A:
Radiograph shows a sclerotic lesion in
the inferior aspect of the right clavicle
(arrow), originally thought to represent
sclerotic metastasis. B:Trispiral
tomography shows that the superior
aspect of the clavicle is not affected.
There is noevidence of periosteal
reaction. C:Computedtomography
section through the sternal endsof the
clavicles shows homogeneous sclerosis
of the right clavicular head and soft
tissue swelling adjacent to it anteriorly.
42. ⦁ Asclerotic vertebra (“ivoryvertebra”)resulting from
metastasis shouldbedifferentiated fromlymphoma,
sclerosing hemangioma, andPagetdisease.
⦁ Involvement by alymphomais usually indistinguishablefrom
metastatic disease, although the clinical and laboratory data
maybehelpful.
43. ⦁ In Hodgkinlymphomathereis anoccasional anterior
scallopingof thevertebral body
, whichaccentuatesthe
anterior vertebral concavityandthusprovidesauseful
differentiatingfeature.
⦁ Hemangiomaoftenpresentswithtypical vertical striations or
ahoneycombpattern. Paget diseasecharacteristically
enlargesaffectedvertebrae andcausesdisappearanceor
coarseningof thevertebral endplates
45. Skeletal metastasis. Sclerotic metastasis to the lumbar vertebra of a 72-year-
old man with prostatic carcinoma mimics Paget disease. Note, however, that
the vertebral endplates are preserved and vertebral body is not enlarged
46. ⦁ Osteolyticmetastasesmustbedifferentiated from multiple
myelomaandbrowntumorsof hyperparathyroidism.
⦁ In youngerpatients, Langerhans cell histiocytosis mustbe
considered.
⦁ Probablythebestmodalityfor distinguishing metastasesfrom
multiplemyelomais the radionuclide bonescanbecause
47. ⦁ Helpful indistinguishingbrowntumors of
hyperparathyroidism areother hallmarks of thiscondition,
suchasdiffuseosteopenia, lossof thelaminadura of the
toothsockets,subperiostealboneresorption,andsofttissue
calcifications.
⦁ Becauseof their expansivenature,multiple metastasesfrom
kidneyandthyroidshouldbedifferentiatedfrom
pseudotumors of hemophilia
48. ⦁ Sclerotic metastasesshouldbedifferentiated from
osteopoikilosis . Osteopoikilosisisclassifiedamongthe
sclerosing dysplasias ofendochondral failure of bone
formationandremodeling.
⦁ Sclerotic foci in osteopoikilosis aretypically distributed near
thelarge joints,suchaships, knees,andshoulders
⦁ osteopoikilosis, unlike scleroticmetastases,exhibits anormal
radionuclidebonescan
49. ⦁ Erdheim-Chesterdisease,arare formof histiocytosis, can
radiographically mimicscleroticmetastases.Thiscondition
usuallyexhibits bilateral, symmetric,patchy,or diffuse
sclerosis of themedullarycavityof thelongbones,sparing
theepiphyses.
51. Skeletal metastases. Diffuse sclerotic metastases to
the pelvis and left femur causing a pathologic fracture in
a 68-year-old man with prostate carcinoma mimic
sclerotic changes of Paget disease