topic about metabolism

1. INTRODUCTION TO
BIOCHEMISTRY TWO

2. Definition of Biochemistry
Biochemistry is a discipline of Chemistry that deals
with the chemical composition of living organisms. It
deals with interactions between living organic cells
and their surrounding fluids/matter and is the study
of important chemical processes occurring within
living organisms.
Biochemistry is the subdivision of Biology and
chemistry that can further be divided into three
segments, namely, metabolism, structural Biology
and enzymology.

3. Structural biology is the study of how biological
molecules are built. Using a variety of imaging
techniques, scientists view molecules in three
dimensions to see how they are assembled, how they
function, and how they interact.
Botany- It deals with the study of plants. Zoology- It
deals with the study of animals. Microbiology- It deals
with the study of microorganisms.
Enzymology is the study of how enzymes catalyze
reactions, how such catalysis is regulated, how
enzymes evolve and function and how enzymes can
be inhibited to develop therapeutics.

4. Metabolism

5. What is Metabolism
Metabolism is the total amount of the
biochemical reactions involved in
maintaining the living condition of the cells
in an organism. All living organisms
require energy for different essential
processes.
The totality of an organism’s chemical
reactions.

6. • Metabolism is the sum of the
chemical changes that convert:
–Nutrients into energy.
–Chemically complex substances
of cells into simpler forms.
–Chemically simple substances
into functional complex
biomolecules.

7. Biomolecules
A biomolecule is a chemical compound found in
living organisms. These include chemicals that are
composed of mainly carbon, hydrogen, oxygen,
nitrogen.
The four major types of biomolecules are
• carbohydrates,
• lipids,
• nucleic acids, and
• proteins.

8. Metabolic pathways
a metabolic pathway( enzyme catalyzed reactions) is a
linked series of chemical reactions occurring within a
cell. The reactants, products, and intermediates of an
enzymatic reaction are known as metabolites( a
substance made or used when the body breaks
down food, drugs or chemicals) , which are modified
by a sequence of chemical reactions catalyzed by
enzymes.
Examples of metabolites: amino acids, lactic acids,
enzymes, the coenzymes and also glucose which is
the key metabolite of the cells.

9. Types Of Metabolic Pathway
Catabolism is what happens when you digest
food and the molecules break down in the
body for use as energy. Large, complex
molecules in the body are broken down into
smaller, simple ones. An example of catabolism
is glycolysis.
• Catabolic/ Degradative /Energy
Generating/ATP producing
Pathways/Exothermic.

10. Anabolic pathways build complex molecules
from simpler ones and typically need an input
of energy. examples include the synthesis of
proteins from amino acids, or of DNA strands
from nucleic acid building blocks (nucleotides)
• Anabolic/Synthetic/Energy Utilizing/
ATP Using Pathways/Endothermic

11. Importance of metabolism
Normal Metabolism is vital for health, growth,
reproduction and good survival of human
beings.
Metabolism provides your body with energy
Metabolism is responsible for food digestion
Metabolism ensures that your body absorbs
vitamins and minerals
Metabolism is key to growing and repairing
cells