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Meta-moments:
Thoughtfulness by Design
@andrew_grimes
http://alistapart.com/article/meta-moments-thoughtfulness-by-design picture by http://hellogeri.com
What are Meta-moments?
Some examples
Create some Meta-moments
Why should you care?
Sketch and present!
Final thoughts and questions
What are Meta-moments?
Brain by Tony Gines and Smartphone by Creative Stall from the Noun Project
Brain by Tony Gines and Smartphone by Creative Stall from the Noun Project
Martin Heidegger
Philosopher
Martin Heidegger was a German philosopher and a seminal
thinker in the Continental tradition, particularly within the
fields of existential phenomenology and philosophical
hermeneutics. Wikipedia
Born: September 26, 1889, Messkirch, Germany
Died: May 26, 1976, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
Areas of interest: Ontology, Philosophy of language, more
Influenced: Karl Löwith, Jacques Derrida, Hubert Dreyfus,
more
Schools of thought: Existentialism, Phenomenology,
Hermeneutics
Ready
to hand
Present
at hand
Unconscious
Thinking fast
System 1
Susceptible
Conscious
Thinking slow
System 2
Critical / analytical
Attention
directed
inwards
Attention
directed
outwards
In the moment / flow
Interconnectedness
Playing / consuming
Broken flow
Separateness
Job-like tasks
Ready
to hand
Present
at hand
Moments of
truth
Crossing thresholds
Testing the boundaries
Managing crises
Ready
to hand
Present
at hand
Moments of
truth
Signature
moments
Personality
Difference
Ready
to hand
Present
at handDelightful
moments
Anticipating needs
Unexpected extras
Cool factor
Moments of
truth
Moments of
truth
Signature
moments
Ready
to hand
Present
at hand
Moments of
truth
Signature
moments
Delightful
moments
Invisible
moments
1000s of micro
interactions
Ready
to hand
Present
at hand
Technology’s place is at
this end of the spectrum?
Discover the
expectations
of the
users
Attempt to
fulfil
everyone’s
expectations
Discover the
expectations
of the
organisation
We challenge these
But not these
A moment to reflect
Traffic sign images are Crown copyright: https://www.gov.uk/traffic-sign-images
A moment to reflect or to anticipate
Traffic sign images are Crown copyright: https://www.gov.uk/traffic-sign-images
Roadblocks
issue a challenge
Speedbumps
slow the pace
defy expectation
Diversions
Some examples
Create some Meta-moments
PROVE YOURSELF
• Only the worthy may enter
ROADBLOCK - EXAMPLE #1
Oct 28 2014
ROADBLOCK - EXAMPLE #1
ROADBLOCK - EXAMPLE #1
CHOICE OF ONE
• Remove all options but one
ROADBLOCK - EXAMPLE #2
ROADBLOCK - EXAMPLE #2
ROADBLOCK - EXAMPLE #2
LEVEL UP
• Give the user restricted access
• Have them master the first level before

proceeding to the next
ROADBLOCK - EXAMPLE #3
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TMaLjnRHr8M
http://www.theanimatedwoman.com/2012/06/
limitations-freedom-madewithpaper.html
ROADBLOCK - EXAMPLE #3
PROVE
YOURSELF
CHOICE OF
ONE
LEVEL 

UP
Only the worthy 

may enter
Remove all options

but one
Restrict initial 

access
ASK MORE THAN 

THE MINIMUM
• Ask about expectations
• Agree how personal data will be used
• Reflect on benefits
SPEED BUMP - EXAMPLE #1
http://firstround.com/review/How-Lumosity-Spiked-Active-
Users-10-with-Complexity-Not-Simplicity/
SPEED BUMP - EXAMPLE #1
“BEFORE YOU START” 

MOMENTS
• Give some on-boarding style tips
• Let people know how they should prepare
SPEED BUMP - EXAMPLE #2
Add some on boarding wizardry
https://www.useronboard.com/how-applemusic-onboards-new-users/
SPEED BUMP - EXAMPLE #2
CHANGE LAYOUT
• Make it clear when something needs to be 

read / understood before proceeding
SPEED BUMP - EXAMPLE #3
ASK MORE
THAN THE
MINIMUM
“BEFORE
YOU START”
MOMENTS
CHANGE 

LAYOUT
Agree how service

will be used
To help prepare
To signal a change

in interaction mode
SURPRISE!
• Research expectations in order to 

do the opposite!
DIVERSION - EXAMPLE #1
http://blogs.scientificamerican.com/illusion-chasers/why-babies-and-perhaps-all-of-us-care-about-magic/
DIVERSION - EXAMPLE #1
Innocent microcopy
DIVERSION - EXAMPLE #1
ALIENATE!
• Show the seams
• Pull back the curtain
• Reveal the mechanics
DIVERSION - EXAMPLE #2
DIVERSION - EXAMPLE #2
I am an 

advert
I am the

logo
INVENT
• Make up new words
• Create a ‘signature moment’
• Show a new way to get from A to B
DIVERSION - EXAMPLE #3
https://developer.apple.com/watch/human-interface-guidelines/
DIVERSION - EXAMPLE #3
SURPRISE ALIENATE INVENT
Play with
expectations
Pull back the
curtain
A new way to get
from A to B
EXCERCISE 1: CREATE SOME META-MOMENTS
1
Pick a journey
you are familiar
with
2
Choose a moment in
that journey
3
Re-imagine it
4
Write it out as a
story
Think of… When users should be
encouraged to…
Imagine ways to…
• your favourite app
• something you’re
working on
• a recent annoyance
online
• a product or service
that you love
• understand the value of
continuing
• take a significant action
• disrupt the flow, remove
support or add
constraints
• set a challenge
As an X
I am encouraged to Y
In order to Z
• prepare
• learn something that
will help save time later
• signal a shift in modes
• ask more than needed
• help the user prepare
• interact in a new way
• re-think something
• take a fresh look
• play with expectations
• show behind the curtain
• do things differently
As a keynote user
I am shown how to use it’s animation features, 

so I can save time preparing my presentations
As a fan of the band
I am encouraged to prove myself a fan by completing a
quiz, before I can buy the best tickets in the house
As a twitter user
I am surprised when the ‘pull-to-refresh my feed’ feature tells
me that I might find more value in setting up some lists
EXCERCISE 1: CREATE SOME META-MOMENTS
1
Pick a journey
you are familiar
with
2
Choose a moment in
that journey
3
Re-imagine it
4
Write it out as a
story
Think of… When users should be
encouraged to…
Imagine ways to…
• your favourite app
• something you’re
working on
• a recent annoyance
online
• a product or service
that you love
• understand the value of
continuing
• take a significant action
• disrupt the flow, remove
support or add
constraints
• set a challenge
As an X
I am encouraged to Y
In order to Z
• prepare
• learn something that
will help save time later
• signal a shift in modes
• ask more than needed
• help the user prepare
• interact in a new way
• re-think something
• take a fresh look
• play with expectations
• show behind the curtain
• do things differently
Why should you care?
COMBAT THE
“FORCES AGAINST MINDFULNESS”
Notifications
Recommendations
Instant results
Ubiquity
Significant commitments need conscious thought
Thoughtfulness builds longer term engagement
Transparency about the mechanics builds trust & loyalty
Mindful interactions support the user’s well being
Intrigue / struggle can create much more interest
Why?
https://digitaldistributiondotorg.files.wordpress.com/2011/12/narrativearch.jpg
Ordinary World creates contrast with strange new world; the problem is waiting to be
activated; hero lacks something; a search for completeness.
Call to Adventure a problem is presented as a challenge or adventure, objects are revealed as
clues.
Refusing the Call he refuses call because of fear, the greatest fear is because of the unknown,
not fully committed, may ‘return back’ and needs convincing.
Mentor where hero is encouraged by mentor, function of mentor is to prepare hero to
face unknown, give advice, and give equipment.
Crossing the First Threshold hero commits to the adventure, fully enters the special world, begins to face
consequences of the problem
Test Allies and Enemies Where hero faces challenges and learns rules of special world, learns who
allies are and who enemies are.
Fall and Descend last edge of dangerous place, where object of quest is hidden, hero crosses
the second major threshold, hero pauses to plan next move, usually at
enemies headquarters.
The Ordeal hero hits bottom, faces greatest fear, brought to the brink in battle with
hostile force, may have a dark moment
Reward hero takes magic weapon, has survived and won, usually is experienced
and had knowledge, earns title of hero by taking risk.
Roadback-Return hero deals with consequences of facing dark forces in the ordeal
Resurection hero is reborn and cleansed, meets final test, moments of death and rebirth
are complete
Return home with elixer of life turns back to ordinary world with treasure, heals land.
https://quizlet.com/14697468/12-stages-of-a-heros-archetypal-journey-flash-cards/
The hero’s journey
Sketch and present!
EXCERCISE 2: SKETCH-A-META-MOMENT
1
Choose your
favourite idea
2
Draw a picture of it!
3
Annotate it
4
Present
• prioritise
• sort
• choose!
• stick people
• interfaces
• consider the before the
during and the after
• name your Meta-
moment
• describe the context,
motivations and
behaviours
• add a KPI that you’d
expect to influence with
your idea
Choose someone in your
group to present your
Meta-moment
1 min 5 mins 4 mins 2 mins each
Final thoughts and questions
Prevailing UXD wisdom Change needed
Remove all barriers & impediments Let’s design one or two
Encourage frictionless flow
Add friction & disrupt flow 

(when appropriate)
Always meet expectations Play with expectations
Use familiar conventions
Break conventions 

(occasionally)
Satisfy user demand ASAP
Let users wait 

(sometimes)
Do as much as possible for the user Delegate some responsibility to them
Eradicate failures Design for the inevitable unhappy paths
Put thought into design 

so that users don’t have to
Create spaces for users to 

put their own thought in
“Don’t make me think!” “Don’t make me think, needlessly!”
Any questions?
Any questions?
@andrew_grimes!

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Meta moments

  • 3. What are Meta-moments? Some examples Create some Meta-moments Why should you care? Sketch and present! Final thoughts and questions
  • 5. Brain by Tony Gines and Smartphone by Creative Stall from the Noun Project
  • 6. Brain by Tony Gines and Smartphone by Creative Stall from the Noun Project
  • 7. Martin Heidegger Philosopher Martin Heidegger was a German philosopher and a seminal thinker in the Continental tradition, particularly within the fields of existential phenomenology and philosophical hermeneutics. Wikipedia Born: September 26, 1889, Messkirch, Germany Died: May 26, 1976, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany Areas of interest: Ontology, Philosophy of language, more Influenced: Karl Löwith, Jacques Derrida, Hubert Dreyfus, more Schools of thought: Existentialism, Phenomenology, Hermeneutics
  • 8. Ready to hand Present at hand Unconscious Thinking fast System 1 Susceptible Conscious Thinking slow System 2 Critical / analytical Attention directed inwards Attention directed outwards In the moment / flow Interconnectedness Playing / consuming Broken flow Separateness Job-like tasks
  • 9. Ready to hand Present at hand Moments of truth Crossing thresholds Testing the boundaries Managing crises
  • 10. Ready to hand Present at hand Moments of truth Signature moments Personality Difference
  • 11. Ready to hand Present at handDelightful moments Anticipating needs Unexpected extras Cool factor Moments of truth Moments of truth Signature moments
  • 12. Ready to hand Present at hand Moments of truth Signature moments Delightful moments Invisible moments 1000s of micro interactions
  • 13. Ready to hand Present at hand Technology’s place is at this end of the spectrum?
  • 14. Discover the expectations of the users Attempt to fulfil everyone’s expectations Discover the expectations of the organisation We challenge these But not these
  • 15. A moment to reflect Traffic sign images are Crown copyright: https://www.gov.uk/traffic-sign-images
  • 16. A moment to reflect or to anticipate Traffic sign images are Crown copyright: https://www.gov.uk/traffic-sign-images
  • 21.
  • 22. PROVE YOURSELF • Only the worthy may enter ROADBLOCK - EXAMPLE #1
  • 23. Oct 28 2014 ROADBLOCK - EXAMPLE #1
  • 25. CHOICE OF ONE • Remove all options but one ROADBLOCK - EXAMPLE #2
  • 28. LEVEL UP • Give the user restricted access • Have them master the first level before
 proceeding to the next ROADBLOCK - EXAMPLE #3
  • 30. PROVE YOURSELF CHOICE OF ONE LEVEL 
 UP Only the worthy 
 may enter Remove all options
 but one Restrict initial 
 access
  • 31.
  • 32. ASK MORE THAN 
 THE MINIMUM • Ask about expectations • Agree how personal data will be used • Reflect on benefits SPEED BUMP - EXAMPLE #1
  • 34. “BEFORE YOU START” 
 MOMENTS • Give some on-boarding style tips • Let people know how they should prepare SPEED BUMP - EXAMPLE #2
  • 35. Add some on boarding wizardry https://www.useronboard.com/how-applemusic-onboards-new-users/ SPEED BUMP - EXAMPLE #2
  • 36. CHANGE LAYOUT • Make it clear when something needs to be 
 read / understood before proceeding SPEED BUMP - EXAMPLE #3
  • 37. ASK MORE THAN THE MINIMUM “BEFORE YOU START” MOMENTS CHANGE 
 LAYOUT Agree how service
 will be used To help prepare To signal a change
 in interaction mode
  • 38.
  • 39. SURPRISE! • Research expectations in order to 
 do the opposite! DIVERSION - EXAMPLE #1
  • 42. ALIENATE! • Show the seams • Pull back the curtain • Reveal the mechanics DIVERSION - EXAMPLE #2
  • 43. DIVERSION - EXAMPLE #2 I am an 
 advert I am the
 logo
  • 44. INVENT • Make up new words • Create a ‘signature moment’ • Show a new way to get from A to B DIVERSION - EXAMPLE #3
  • 46. SURPRISE ALIENATE INVENT Play with expectations Pull back the curtain A new way to get from A to B
  • 47. EXCERCISE 1: CREATE SOME META-MOMENTS 1 Pick a journey you are familiar with 2 Choose a moment in that journey 3 Re-imagine it 4 Write it out as a story Think of… When users should be encouraged to… Imagine ways to… • your favourite app • something you’re working on • a recent annoyance online • a product or service that you love • understand the value of continuing • take a significant action • disrupt the flow, remove support or add constraints • set a challenge As an X I am encouraged to Y In order to Z • prepare • learn something that will help save time later • signal a shift in modes • ask more than needed • help the user prepare • interact in a new way • re-think something • take a fresh look • play with expectations • show behind the curtain • do things differently
  • 48. As a keynote user I am shown how to use it’s animation features, 
 so I can save time preparing my presentations As a fan of the band I am encouraged to prove myself a fan by completing a quiz, before I can buy the best tickets in the house As a twitter user I am surprised when the ‘pull-to-refresh my feed’ feature tells me that I might find more value in setting up some lists
  • 49. EXCERCISE 1: CREATE SOME META-MOMENTS 1 Pick a journey you are familiar with 2 Choose a moment in that journey 3 Re-imagine it 4 Write it out as a story Think of… When users should be encouraged to… Imagine ways to… • your favourite app • something you’re working on • a recent annoyance online • a product or service that you love • understand the value of continuing • take a significant action • disrupt the flow, remove support or add constraints • set a challenge As an X I am encouraged to Y In order to Z • prepare • learn something that will help save time later • signal a shift in modes • ask more than needed • help the user prepare • interact in a new way • re-think something • take a fresh look • play with expectations • show behind the curtain • do things differently
  • 50. Why should you care?
  • 51. COMBAT THE “FORCES AGAINST MINDFULNESS” Notifications Recommendations Instant results Ubiquity
  • 52. Significant commitments need conscious thought Thoughtfulness builds longer term engagement Transparency about the mechanics builds trust & loyalty Mindful interactions support the user’s well being Intrigue / struggle can create much more interest Why?
  • 54. Ordinary World creates contrast with strange new world; the problem is waiting to be activated; hero lacks something; a search for completeness. Call to Adventure a problem is presented as a challenge or adventure, objects are revealed as clues. Refusing the Call he refuses call because of fear, the greatest fear is because of the unknown, not fully committed, may ‘return back’ and needs convincing. Mentor where hero is encouraged by mentor, function of mentor is to prepare hero to face unknown, give advice, and give equipment. Crossing the First Threshold hero commits to the adventure, fully enters the special world, begins to face consequences of the problem Test Allies and Enemies Where hero faces challenges and learns rules of special world, learns who allies are and who enemies are. Fall and Descend last edge of dangerous place, where object of quest is hidden, hero crosses the second major threshold, hero pauses to plan next move, usually at enemies headquarters. The Ordeal hero hits bottom, faces greatest fear, brought to the brink in battle with hostile force, may have a dark moment Reward hero takes magic weapon, has survived and won, usually is experienced and had knowledge, earns title of hero by taking risk. Roadback-Return hero deals with consequences of facing dark forces in the ordeal Resurection hero is reborn and cleansed, meets final test, moments of death and rebirth are complete Return home with elixer of life turns back to ordinary world with treasure, heals land. https://quizlet.com/14697468/12-stages-of-a-heros-archetypal-journey-flash-cards/ The hero’s journey
  • 56. EXCERCISE 2: SKETCH-A-META-MOMENT 1 Choose your favourite idea 2 Draw a picture of it! 3 Annotate it 4 Present • prioritise • sort • choose! • stick people • interfaces • consider the before the during and the after • name your Meta- moment • describe the context, motivations and behaviours • add a KPI that you’d expect to influence with your idea Choose someone in your group to present your Meta-moment 1 min 5 mins 4 mins 2 mins each
  • 57. Final thoughts and questions
  • 58. Prevailing UXD wisdom Change needed Remove all barriers & impediments Let’s design one or two Encourage frictionless flow Add friction & disrupt flow 
 (when appropriate) Always meet expectations Play with expectations Use familiar conventions Break conventions 
 (occasionally) Satisfy user demand ASAP Let users wait 
 (sometimes) Do as much as possible for the user Delegate some responsibility to them Eradicate failures Design for the inevitable unhappy paths Put thought into design 
 so that users don’t have to Create spaces for users to 
 put their own thought in “Don’t make me think!” “Don’t make me think, needlessly!”