i make this slide for MPA and law Students it covers the Federal structure of government of Pakistan & it contain information about Parliament its powers ,processes,procedure and functions.
We already know that the parliament of Pakistan is consists of the two houses and the president. The two houses are known as the Senate and the National assembly. Under the constitution of Pakistan, 1973, in Article 50; the senate was constituted for the first time.
The foremost idea for the establishment of the Senate of Pakistan was to give equal depiction to all federating units. There is equivalent provincial association in the Senate that stable the provincial variation in the National Assembly where the amount of seats is determined based on populace volume.
Senate of Pakistan is also known as the upper house of Pakistan. The elections for senate are conducted after a time interval of three years for one half of the senate and each senator is allocated a time period of six years. If in any scenario there is no president in Pakistan or he is unable to perform his duties then chairmen of the senate perform the duties of a president unless and until there comes a new president or old one recovers himself.
i make this slide for MPA and law Students it covers the Federal structure of government of Pakistan & it contain information about Parliament its powers ,processes,procedure and functions.
We already know that the parliament of Pakistan is consists of the two houses and the president. The two houses are known as the Senate and the National assembly. Under the constitution of Pakistan, 1973, in Article 50; the senate was constituted for the first time.
The foremost idea for the establishment of the Senate of Pakistan was to give equal depiction to all federating units. There is equivalent provincial association in the Senate that stable the provincial variation in the National Assembly where the amount of seats is determined based on populace volume.
Senate of Pakistan is also known as the upper house of Pakistan. The elections for senate are conducted after a time interval of three years for one half of the senate and each senator is allocated a time period of six years. If in any scenario there is no president in Pakistan or he is unable to perform his duties then chairmen of the senate perform the duties of a president unless and until there comes a new president or old one recovers himself.
Philippine Constitution - ARTICLE IX - Constitutional Commissions John Paul Espino
ARTICLE 9 - IX - Constitutional Commissions of the Philippines
PREAMBLE
We, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring the aid of Almighty God, in order to build a just and humane society, and establish a Government that shall embody our ideals and aspirations, promote the common good, conserve and develop our patrimony, and secure to ourselves and our posterity, the blessings of independence and democracy under the rule of law and a regime of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality, and peace, do ordain and promulgate this Constitution.
Introduction
Definition
Location
Composition
Qualification of President
Electoral college
Oath
Terms of office of President
Presidential Powers
Authorities of President
Duties of President
Removal of President
Conclusion
Pakistan, officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country in South Asia. It is the world’s sixth-most populous country with a population exceeding 212,742,631 people. In area, it is the 33rd-largest country, spanning 881,913 square kilometres.
The functions of government executive branchNitashaMaqsood
As, we already know that government is divided into three categories named as Legislative branch, Executive branch and Judicial branch. In earlier session, we've discussed Legislative branch. Now this session is dedicated to the Executive branch.
Philippine Constitution - Article VI - Legislative PowerJohn Paul Espino
Article 6 - VI - Legislative Power of the Philippines
PREAMBLE
We, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring the aid of Almighty God, in order to build a just and humane society, and establish a Government that shall embody our ideals and aspirations, promote the common good, conserve and develop our patrimony, and secure to ourselves and our posterity, the blessings of independence and democracy under the rule of law and a regime of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality, and peace, do ordain and promulgate this Constitution.
Philippine Constitution - ARTICLE IX - Constitutional Commissions John Paul Espino
ARTICLE 9 - IX - Constitutional Commissions of the Philippines
PREAMBLE
We, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring the aid of Almighty God, in order to build a just and humane society, and establish a Government that shall embody our ideals and aspirations, promote the common good, conserve and develop our patrimony, and secure to ourselves and our posterity, the blessings of independence and democracy under the rule of law and a regime of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality, and peace, do ordain and promulgate this Constitution.
Introduction
Definition
Location
Composition
Qualification of President
Electoral college
Oath
Terms of office of President
Presidential Powers
Authorities of President
Duties of President
Removal of President
Conclusion
Pakistan, officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country in South Asia. It is the world’s sixth-most populous country with a population exceeding 212,742,631 people. In area, it is the 33rd-largest country, spanning 881,913 square kilometres.
The functions of government executive branchNitashaMaqsood
As, we already know that government is divided into three categories named as Legislative branch, Executive branch and Judicial branch. In earlier session, we've discussed Legislative branch. Now this session is dedicated to the Executive branch.
Philippine Constitution - Article VI - Legislative PowerJohn Paul Espino
Article 6 - VI - Legislative Power of the Philippines
PREAMBLE
We, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring the aid of Almighty God, in order to build a just and humane society, and establish a Government that shall embody our ideals and aspirations, promote the common good, conserve and develop our patrimony, and secure to ourselves and our posterity, the blessings of independence and democracy under the rule of law and a regime of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality, and peace, do ordain and promulgate this Constitution.
Suddora (previously the brand that sold only sweatbands on STbands) started in 2007. Our goal is to keep finding and carrying unique sports accessories for active people.
FirstHealth Moore Regional Hospital was ranked 5th best hospital in North Carolina, awarded top performer in 9 service lines including cancer. Let’s meet the individuals who make this program outstanding.
Pakistan has been facing numerous key public sector challenges such as transformation of traditional public administration to new public management system leading towards public value management model in Pakistan electoral system. This is similar to what we have in other developed countries like UK, Canada and Australia.
Almost after 70 years of its independence, government yet failed to conduct a single fair election through unanimously accepted voting process by public and private organizations.
In fact, most of the times; final results of elections were challenged by losing parties based on the number of complaints of election rigging and bogus old fashioned voting system.
This situation was become more worsen during the last election held in 2013, when all parties blamed for ballot theft and voters were in streets for their protests against failure of this system.
Unlike Australia, Pakistani election is based on First-past-the-post voting method instead of Preferential Voting.
Further, separation of power is also similar to UK, Australia like separate legislatures, executive and judiciary. Under the constitutional frame of work, elections are to be held after each 5 years which in fact happened earlier before completing the tenure of government.
Some of the details are given here, important is to look into the comparison of %age voting between ruling party and the opposition parties.
On recent Pakistani election, observations of international organizations were important for the institutional improvement and revealing hindrances of public participation.
Role of Election Commission of India.pptx139RAJESHA
The presentation covers the roles and activities of the Election Commission of India. It also contains information about the history, powers, tenure, people, function, and significance of the ECI.
Presentation by Jared Jageler, David Adler, Noelia Duchovny, and Evan Herrnstadt, analysts in CBO’s Microeconomic Studies and Health Analysis Divisions, at the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists Summer Conference.
Up the Ratios Bylaws - a Comprehensive Process of Our Organizationuptheratios
Up the Ratios is a non-profit organization dedicated to bridging the gap in STEM education for underprivileged students by providing free, high-quality learning opportunities in robotics and other STEM fields. Our mission is to empower the next generation of innovators, thinkers, and problem-solvers by offering a range of educational programs that foster curiosity, creativity, and critical thinking.
At Up the Ratios, we believe that every student, regardless of their socio-economic background, should have access to the tools and knowledge needed to succeed in today's technology-driven world. To achieve this, we host a variety of free classes, workshops, summer camps, and live lectures tailored to students from underserved communities. Our programs are designed to be engaging and hands-on, allowing students to explore the exciting world of robotics and STEM through practical, real-world applications.
Our free classes cover fundamental concepts in robotics, coding, and engineering, providing students with a strong foundation in these critical areas. Through our interactive workshops, students can dive deeper into specific topics, working on projects that challenge them to apply what they've learned and think creatively. Our summer camps offer an immersive experience where students can collaborate on larger projects, develop their teamwork skills, and gain confidence in their abilities.
In addition to our local programs, Up the Ratios is committed to making a global impact. We take donations of new and gently used robotics parts, which we then distribute to students and educational institutions in other countries. These donations help ensure that young learners worldwide have the resources they need to explore and excel in STEM fields. By supporting education in this way, we aim to nurture a global community of future leaders and innovators.
Our live lectures feature guest speakers from various STEM disciplines, including engineers, scientists, and industry professionals who share their knowledge and experiences with our students. These lectures provide valuable insights into potential career paths and inspire students to pursue their passions in STEM.
Up the Ratios relies on the generosity of donors and volunteers to continue our work. Contributions of time, expertise, and financial support are crucial to sustaining our programs and expanding our reach. Whether you're an individual passionate about education, a professional in the STEM field, or a company looking to give back to the community, there are many ways to get involved and make a difference.
We are proud of the positive impact we've had on the lives of countless students, many of whom have gone on to pursue higher education and careers in STEM. By providing these young minds with the tools and opportunities they need to succeed, we are not only changing their futures but also contributing to the advancement of technology and innovation on a broader scale.
Jennifer Schaus and Associates hosts a complimentary webinar series on The FAR in 2024. Join the webinars on Wednesdays and Fridays at noon, eastern.
Recordings are on YouTube and the company website.
https://www.youtube.com/@jenniferschaus/videos
ZGB - The Role of Generative AI in Government transformation.pdfSaeed Al Dhaheri
This keynote was presented during the the 7th edition of the UAE Hackathon 2024. It highlights the role of AI and Generative AI in addressing government transformation to achieve zero government bureaucracy
What is the point of small housing associations.pptxPaul Smith
Given the small scale of housing associations and their relative high cost per home what is the point of them and how do we justify their continued existance
Many ways to support street children.pptxSERUDS INDIA
By raising awareness, providing support, advocating for change, and offering assistance to children in need, individuals can play a crucial role in improving the lives of street children and helping them realize their full potential
Donate Us
https://serudsindia.org/how-individuals-can-support-street-children-in-india/
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Jennifer Schaus and Associates hosts a complimentary webinar series on The FAR in 2024. Join the webinars on Wednesdays and Fridays at noon, eastern.
Recordings are on YouTube and the company website.
https://www.youtube.com/@jenniferschaus/videos
Canadian Immigration Tracker March 2024 - Key SlidesAndrew Griffith
Highlights
Permanent Residents decrease along with percentage of TR2PR decline to 52 percent of all Permanent Residents.
March asylum claim data not issued as of May 27 (unusually late). Irregular arrivals remain very small.
Study permit applications experiencing sharp decrease as a result of announced caps over 50 percent compared to February.
Citizenship numbers remain stable.
Slide 3 has the overall numbers and change.
A process server is a authorized person for delivering legal documents, such as summons, complaints, subpoenas, and other court papers, to peoples involved in legal proceedings.
1. The Legal Framework of Elections and
Recommendations for Reform
Fidelis Edge Kanyongolo, PhD
Associate Professor of Law,
University of Malawi
Presented to MESN Postelection Conference
26-27 June 2014
2. Outline
• Overview of the Malawian legal and judicial
system
• The Franchise
• Candidate qualifications and disqualifications
• Voter registration
• Campaign
• Polling and Counting
• Dispute settlement
• Other areas of concern
3. Overview of the Malawian legal and
judicial system
The hierarchy of laws
The Constitution
(1994)
Acts of Parliament
Case Law
Customary Law
5. The human right to vote
• Every person shall have the right:
– to vote,
– to do so in secret and
– to stand for election for any elective office
[Section 40(3), Constitution]
The right is limited by franchise and
qualifications/disqualifications provisions of the
law
6. The Franchise
[Section 77, Constitution]
• Every person shall be eligible to vote in any general
election, by-election, presidential election, local
government election or referendum, and be qualified to
be registered as a voter in a constituency if, on the date
of the application for registration, that person—
– is a citizen of Malawi or, if not a citizen, has been
ordinarily resident in the Republic for seven years;
– has attained the age of eighteen years; and
– is ordinarily resident in that constituency or was born
there or is employed or carries on a business there.
7. • No person shall be eligible to vote in any general
election, by-election, presidential election, local
government election or referendum or be qualified to
be registered as a voter in a constituency if, on the date
of the application for registration, that person-
– is adjudged or otherwise declared to be mentally
incompetent;
– is under sentence of death; or
– was convicted of any violation of any law relating to
elections in relation to the immediate past elections
8. Candidate
qualifications/disqualifications
Parliament / President/ Councillor
– Citizen / citizen by birth or descent/ citizen
– Aged at least 21 years / at least 35 years/
– has not been adjudged or declared to be of unsound mind;
» is not an undischarged bankrupt having been declared bankrupt
under a law of the Republic;
» Has not, within the last seven years, been convicted by a
competent court of a crime involving dishonesty or moral
turpitude;
» Does not owe allegiance to a foreign country;
» Is not the holder of a public office or a member of Parliament,
unless that person first resigns;
» is not a serving Member of the Defence Forces or Malawi Police
Service; or and
» Has not, within the last seven years, been convicted by a
competent court of any violation of any law relating to election of
the President or election of the members of Parliament.
9. Recommendation:
Harmonise the eligibility qualifications to
require the same type of citizenship for all three
elections.
10. Election Administration
• Mandate to run elections vested by the
Constitution in EC
• EC members appointed by the President after
consulting parties in Parliament.
• Chairperson- judge appointed by the
President
• EC members may be removed from office by
the President
11. Election Administration
Recommendation:
The 2007 Law Commission report recommended
that the chairmanship of the EC should not be
restricted to judges. To achieve this requires the
amendment of section 75(1) of the Constitution
12. Voter registration and candidate
nomination
• Registration done by Electoral Commission
(EC)- period specified by law- at least 14 days
and must expire on a date which is at least 14
days before the first day of polling
• Every voter is entitled to verify registration at
a time designated by the EC.
13. Voter registration and candidate
nomination
Recommendation:
•the PPEA and the LGEA should be amended to vest
the EC with the discretion to extend the period for
registration of voters according to circumstances
prevailing at the time.
•The period for verification should be extended by
amending the PPEA and the LGEA . This
recommendation is based on experience especially
in 1999 and 2014 and the critical importance of
verification in instilling confidence in the process.
14. Campaign
• Campaigning is a human right. Section 40(3) of
the Constitution provides that [every person
has a right] “to campaign for a political party
or cause”.
• Electoral laws regulate election campaigns re:
– Period (section 57 PPE and - 2 months preceding
polling date)
– Use of public places
– Etc
15. Campaign
Recommendation:
the official campaign period should be
extended to give the EC authority to regulate
campaigns (which take place anyway) at an
earlier stage of the election cycle. There is no
logical reason for aligning the official campaign
period to the dissolution of parliament-the
President is not required to vacate office during
the official campaign period-.
16. Polling
• Venues determined by EC (PPE and LGE Acts)
• Time: 6am to 6pm (PPE and LGE Acts)
• Procedures
• Monitors
• Observers
17. Polling
• Recommendation: The law which prescribes
the hours of voting should be amended to
provide for the extension of time beyond 6pm
if the polling started later than 6am. The
length of the extension should be the same as
that by which the opening of the polling
station was delayed.
18. Counting
• Venue
• Authorised personnel
• Procedures
• Monitors
• Observers
• Publication and transmission of count results
19. Determination and announcement of
results
• First past the post
• EC mandate to announce. Obliged to do so
with 8 days.
• Disputes
– EC has “primary” jurisdiction
– Courts have original and appellate jurisdiction
20. Determination and announcement of
results
• Recommendations:
• Law Comm recommended in 2007 that the winner of
the Presidential race should have won more than 50%
of all votes cast. If this is agreed to, PPEA and LGEA
should be amended to provide for second-round
voting.
• The PPEA and the LGEA should be amended to prohibit
the publication of any results- including “unofficial
results” until all polling stations are closed. This
prevents undue influence of voters’ choices by the
announcement of results, even if these are
“unofficial”.
21. Determination and announcement of
results
• Recommendation:
PPEA and LGEA should be amended to extend
the deadline for the EC to announce results
from 8 days to 14 days (?)
22. Other areas of concern
• Appointment of commissioners vis a vis
institutional memory
• Harmonisation of the electoral law
• Handover and inauguration of the President
elect
• Withdrawal of running mates
• Tie
• Clarification of roles between Councillors &
MPs
23. Conclusion
• The legal framework is fundamentally sound
and is similar to those that govern elections in
other AU countries. Based on various reviews
and experiences in previous elections,
however, some amendments are essential to
improve the extent to which elections can be
free, fair and credible. This presentation has
highlighted only some of the most significant
of such proposed amendments, mainly due to
time constraints.