3. WHAT IS
MEMORY?The Computer Memory is a temporary storage area. It
holds the data and instructions that the Central
Processing Unit (CPU) needs. Before a program can be
run, the program is loaded from some storage medium
into the memory. This allows the CPU direct access to
the program. Memory is a need for any computer.
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There are two kinds of computer memory:
Primary and Secondary.
5. PRIMARY MEMORY
These are semiconductor memories
It is known as main memory.
Usually volatile memory.
Data is lost in case power is switched
off.
It is working memory of the computer.
Faster than secondary memories.
A computer cannot run without primary
memory.
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7. RAM(Random Access Memory)
RAM stands for Random Access Memory.
It is the internal memory of the CPU for
storing data, program and program result.
It is read/write memory.
This is a temporary or volatile memory.
As soon as the machine is switched off, data is
erased.
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8. Types of RAM
RAM is of two types
Static RAM (SRAM)
Dynamic RAM
(DRAM)
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9. SRAM(Static Ram)
It has long life.
Faster.
Used as cache memory.
Large size.
Expensive.
High power consumption.
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10. DRAM(Dynamic Ram)
Used as RAM.
Need to be refreshed continuously.
Slower as compared to SRAM.
Lesser in size.
Less expensive.
Less power consumption.
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11. ROM(Read only memory)
ROM stands for Read Only Memory.
It is a read-only memory.
Data can be read but not changed.
This is a non-volatile memory.
Do not lose data when power is lost.
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12. Types of ROM
PROM(Programmable Read Only
Memory)
EPROM(Erasable and Programmable
ROM)
EEPROM(Electrically Erasable and
Programmable ROM)
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13. RAM ROM
Random-Access Memory Read-Only Memory
RAM is a acronym for Random Access
Memory which means the data and
program in RAM can be read and written.
ROM is a acronym for Read Only
Memory which means the data or program
in ROM can only be read but cannot be
written at all.
RAM is volatile which means the
program and the data in RAM are lost
when the computer is powered off.
ROM is non-volatile. It holds the
programs and data when the computer is
powered off.
RAM stores data during and after
processing.
RAM is also known as a working
memory.
ROM is another type of memory
permanently stored inside the computer.13
14. SECONDARY
MEMORY
These are magnetic and optical memories
It is known as backup memory.
It is non-volatile memory.
Data is permanently stored even if power is
switched off.
It is used for storage of data in a computer.
Computer may run without secondary memory.
Slower than primary memories.
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16. Magnetic Memory
Magnetic tape data storage uses digital
recording on to magnetic tape to store digital
information.
A sequential storage medium used for data
collection, backup and archiving.
Modern magnetic tape is most commonly
packaged in cartridges and cassettes.
Magnetic tape was first used to record
computer data in 1951 UNIVAC I.
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17. Today, tape based systems are usually used for
backup purposes only.
The major drawback of tape is its sequential
format
Backups can be taken off-site for greater risk
prevention
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18. OPTICAL MEDIUM
Optical disks are very much like hard disks.
Hard disks store information using magnetic material.
Bits are stored by changing the magnetic properties of the
magnetic material.
Bits are read by picking up the tiny magnetic field with a
read head.
Optical disks store information as pits in a physical medium
A laser is used to determine if a pit is present or not.
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19. FLASH MEMORY
Flash memory is a non-volatile computer
storage chip that can be electrically erased and
reprogrammed.
Flash memory is a flexible type of storage.
Flash memory technology is a mix of EPROM
and EEPROM technologies.
Ex: Digital cameras, mobile phone, Pen
Drives etc.
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