1) The speaker discusses the need for better evidence and measurement of the impact of culture on jobs and economic growth in Europe.
2) Quality statistics and illustrative examples are needed to capture the economic and social contributions of cultural and creative sectors, as well as spill-over effects on other industries.
3) Close cooperation between policymakers, cultural sectors, and research institutions like the Joint Research Centre can help improve measurement methods and develop a strong evidence base to design better policies and support for culture.
A Theoretical Statistical Measurement Model Analysis on Human Capital Economi...paperpublications3
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to examine the main issues which effect the economic growth and the poverty in Bulgaria in relation with rate of human capital growth.
The assumption that in the modern world poverty isn’t a concept associated with the shortage of income is grounded. At its core the poverty is an expression of lack of opportunities for the person. The interest in it is completely understandable, because poverty is perceived as the most important social problem, in which all significant existential questions and challenges to the social sciences are focused virtually.
The main purpose of this study is to determine what are the main factors which stand behind the diversity in performance of business services measured by their contribution to growth in the EU Member States. We show that in addition to typical growth factors which enhance labour productivity, also the extent of interconnectedness of business services with upstream industries is important to explain service-based economic growth.
The analysis yields two interesting results. Firstly, the authors show that patterns of industrial interconnectedness of business services are considerably diversified across the EU Member States indicating large differences in the integration of services as supplier with other sectors on a country level. Secondly they show that the diversified growth performance of business services across the EU25 countries can be explained by differences in labour productivity and differences in forward linkages.
The results indicate the fundamental role of business services as the main engine of growth in the European economy. This service-based growth is channelled mainly through increases in labour productivity and forward interconnectedness of services with downstream industries.
On the policy making level the results indicate that investment in human and intangible capital are crucial for the service-dominated economy as they not only enhance economic growth inside knowledge intensive services but also facilitate transmission of growth impulses to downstream industries by increasing diffusion and integration of services as suppliers of high value added inputs to the economy.
Authored by: Maciej Sobolewski, Grzegorz Poniatowski
Published in 2013
Remittances in Moldova reach 36% of GDP, hence they constitute an essential part of the Moldovan economy. The most visible characteristic of remittances is their unequal distribution. The analysis applying the standard Lorenz Curve proves that 75% receiving households gets only 25% of total amount being sent to the country. The way remittances are distributed does not seem to be random. Higher amounts go in general to younger and more educated households. Remittances strongly influence the economic potential of households, especially if they are high enough. They often constitute the main source of households' income, but they not discourage the members of receiving households from economic activity. It indicates that migration and working abroad is the manifest of economic activity, on the other hand it suggest that lack of employment opportunities in the country is an important reason for migration. Those who obtain remittances tend to have higher share of investments in their total household spending. Significant share of remittances for all groups is spent on education - the basic investment increasing the future competitiveness. In rural areas remittances are much more often used to improve the quality of farms than to start running other businesses. It seems that lack of infrastructure and good governance is the main reason for which educated and young emigrants sending significant amounts of money do not decide to invest them in entrepreneurial activities. Eradicating these impediments for local development should be become a highest priority.
Authored by: Eugene Hristev, Georgeta Mincu, Maya Sandu, Mateusz Walewski
Published in 2009
A bottom-up approach to employment: an example of good practice. sophieproject
Report: A bottom-up approach to employment: an example of good practice by Lucia Bosáková. Published by the WHO Country office in Slovakia, Bratislava, 2013
Publikácia popisuje prípadovú štúdiu stupňovitého zamestnávania Rómov, ktorú už niekoľko rokov realizuje US Steel v Košiciach, jej autorkou je Ing. Lucia Bosáková, PhD.
The publication describes a case study on intervention aiming to increase employability of population living in Roma settlements, its author is Lucia Bosakova.
The aim of the project is to analyze government support for innovation in a comparative perspective by first examining the main existing instruments of financial support for innovation in Turkey and Poland, and secondly to assess their effectiveness by applying recent econometric techniques to firm-level data for both countries obtained from the Community Innovation Survey (CIS).
Authored by: Wojciech Grabowski, M. Teoman Pamukcu, Krzysztof Szczygielski, Sinan Tandogan
Published in 2013
A Theoretical Statistical Measurement Model Analysis on Human Capital Economi...paperpublications3
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to examine the main issues which effect the economic growth and the poverty in Bulgaria in relation with rate of human capital growth.
The assumption that in the modern world poverty isn’t a concept associated with the shortage of income is grounded. At its core the poverty is an expression of lack of opportunities for the person. The interest in it is completely understandable, because poverty is perceived as the most important social problem, in which all significant existential questions and challenges to the social sciences are focused virtually.
The main purpose of this study is to determine what are the main factors which stand behind the diversity in performance of business services measured by their contribution to growth in the EU Member States. We show that in addition to typical growth factors which enhance labour productivity, also the extent of interconnectedness of business services with upstream industries is important to explain service-based economic growth.
The analysis yields two interesting results. Firstly, the authors show that patterns of industrial interconnectedness of business services are considerably diversified across the EU Member States indicating large differences in the integration of services as supplier with other sectors on a country level. Secondly they show that the diversified growth performance of business services across the EU25 countries can be explained by differences in labour productivity and differences in forward linkages.
The results indicate the fundamental role of business services as the main engine of growth in the European economy. This service-based growth is channelled mainly through increases in labour productivity and forward interconnectedness of services with downstream industries.
On the policy making level the results indicate that investment in human and intangible capital are crucial for the service-dominated economy as they not only enhance economic growth inside knowledge intensive services but also facilitate transmission of growth impulses to downstream industries by increasing diffusion and integration of services as suppliers of high value added inputs to the economy.
Authored by: Maciej Sobolewski, Grzegorz Poniatowski
Published in 2013
Remittances in Moldova reach 36% of GDP, hence they constitute an essential part of the Moldovan economy. The most visible characteristic of remittances is their unequal distribution. The analysis applying the standard Lorenz Curve proves that 75% receiving households gets only 25% of total amount being sent to the country. The way remittances are distributed does not seem to be random. Higher amounts go in general to younger and more educated households. Remittances strongly influence the economic potential of households, especially if they are high enough. They often constitute the main source of households' income, but they not discourage the members of receiving households from economic activity. It indicates that migration and working abroad is the manifest of economic activity, on the other hand it suggest that lack of employment opportunities in the country is an important reason for migration. Those who obtain remittances tend to have higher share of investments in their total household spending. Significant share of remittances for all groups is spent on education - the basic investment increasing the future competitiveness. In rural areas remittances are much more often used to improve the quality of farms than to start running other businesses. It seems that lack of infrastructure and good governance is the main reason for which educated and young emigrants sending significant amounts of money do not decide to invest them in entrepreneurial activities. Eradicating these impediments for local development should be become a highest priority.
Authored by: Eugene Hristev, Georgeta Mincu, Maya Sandu, Mateusz Walewski
Published in 2009
A bottom-up approach to employment: an example of good practice. sophieproject
Report: A bottom-up approach to employment: an example of good practice by Lucia Bosáková. Published by the WHO Country office in Slovakia, Bratislava, 2013
Publikácia popisuje prípadovú štúdiu stupňovitého zamestnávania Rómov, ktorú už niekoľko rokov realizuje US Steel v Košiciach, jej autorkou je Ing. Lucia Bosáková, PhD.
The publication describes a case study on intervention aiming to increase employability of population living in Roma settlements, its author is Lucia Bosakova.
The aim of the project is to analyze government support for innovation in a comparative perspective by first examining the main existing instruments of financial support for innovation in Turkey and Poland, and secondly to assess their effectiveness by applying recent econometric techniques to firm-level data for both countries obtained from the Community Innovation Survey (CIS).
Authored by: Wojciech Grabowski, M. Teoman Pamukcu, Krzysztof Szczygielski, Sinan Tandogan
Published in 2013
Mediterranean and EU member countries consider enhancing innovation and R&D an important policy objective. In order to improve economic competitiveness and increase their citizens’ welfare, these countries have been formulating and implementing innovation policies. In recent years, the volume of resources allocated to such policies has considerably increased and the number of instruments used in this framework has widened. Nevertheless, a relatively limited number of studies have been conducted to assess the effectiveness of innovation policies in these countries and formulate proposals for those aspects of policies that are in contradiction with the aims.
Authored by: Krzysztof Szczygielski, Wojciech Grabowski, M. Teoman Pamukcu, Sinan Tandogan
Published in 2013
During the last two decades the CIS countries have received very significant amounts of technical assistance from international development organizations and bilateral donors. While this has played a positive and important role in the transformation of these societies, practically all stakeholders currently share the opinion that many problems have accumulated in the area of technical cooperation with CIS countries. This paper intends to outline these problems, analyze their underlying reasons - including the changing environment for technical cooperation in the CIS - and the interaction of the interests of beneficiaries, donors and providers in the process of implementing technical cooperation projects. The analysis suggests that a good understanding, recognition and coordination of the interests of all TC stakeholders and a reduction in the information gap between the various participants in the technical cooperation process are necessary for improving the effectiveness of technical cooperation.
Authored by: Aziz Atamanov, Roman Mogilevsky
Published in 2008
This paper provides an illustration of the changing tolerance for inequality in a context of radical political and economic transformation and rapid economic growth. We focus on the Polish transition experience, and explore individuals' self-reported attitudes. Using unusually long and frequent (monthly) representative surveys of the population, carried out by the Polish poll institute (CBOS) from 1992 to 2005, we identify a structural break in the relationship between income inequality and subjective well-being. The downturn in the tolerance for inequality (1997) coincides with increasing distrust of political elites.
Authored by: Irena Grosfeld and Claudia Senik
Published in 2008
Этот роман уже стал культовым.Это — одна из самых читаемых книг русскоязычного Интернета, по количеству скачивании соперничающая с «Метро 2033» Глуховского и «Мародером» Беркема аль Атоми.Это — лучшая антиутопия о надвигающейся гражданской войне.Ближайшее будущее. Русофобская политика «оранжевых» разрывает Украину надвое. «Западенцы» при поддержке НАТО пытаются силой усмирить Левобережье. Восточная Малороссия отвечает оккупантам партизанской войной. Наступает беспощадная «эпоха мертворожденных»…
Mediterranean and EU member countries consider enhancing innovation and R&D an important policy objective. In order to improve economic competitiveness and increase their citizens’ welfare, these countries have been formulating and implementing innovation policies. In recent years, the volume of resources allocated to such policies has considerably increased and the number of instruments used in this framework has widened. Nevertheless, a relatively limited number of studies have been conducted to assess the effectiveness of innovation policies in these countries and formulate proposals for those aspects of policies that are in contradiction with the aims.
Authored by: Krzysztof Szczygielski, Wojciech Grabowski, M. Teoman Pamukcu, Sinan Tandogan
Published in 2013
During the last two decades the CIS countries have received very significant amounts of technical assistance from international development organizations and bilateral donors. While this has played a positive and important role in the transformation of these societies, practically all stakeholders currently share the opinion that many problems have accumulated in the area of technical cooperation with CIS countries. This paper intends to outline these problems, analyze their underlying reasons - including the changing environment for technical cooperation in the CIS - and the interaction of the interests of beneficiaries, donors and providers in the process of implementing technical cooperation projects. The analysis suggests that a good understanding, recognition and coordination of the interests of all TC stakeholders and a reduction in the information gap between the various participants in the technical cooperation process are necessary for improving the effectiveness of technical cooperation.
Authored by: Aziz Atamanov, Roman Mogilevsky
Published in 2008
This paper provides an illustration of the changing tolerance for inequality in a context of radical political and economic transformation and rapid economic growth. We focus on the Polish transition experience, and explore individuals' self-reported attitudes. Using unusually long and frequent (monthly) representative surveys of the population, carried out by the Polish poll institute (CBOS) from 1992 to 2005, we identify a structural break in the relationship between income inequality and subjective well-being. The downturn in the tolerance for inequality (1997) coincides with increasing distrust of political elites.
Authored by: Irena Grosfeld and Claudia Senik
Published in 2008
Этот роман уже стал культовым.Это — одна из самых читаемых книг русскоязычного Интернета, по количеству скачивании соперничающая с «Метро 2033» Глуховского и «Мародером» Беркема аль Атоми.Это — лучшая антиутопия о надвигающейся гражданской войне.Ближайшее будущее. Русофобская политика «оранжевых» разрывает Украину надвое. «Западенцы» при поддержке НАТО пытаются силой усмирить Левобережье. Восточная Малороссия отвечает оккупантам партизанской войной. Наступает беспощадная «эпоха мертворожденных»…
ECOTIVA is an enterprise that works helping enviroment saving your money with a lot of products and services to do it, if you want the english version you can send me an e-mail and wil request you.
Informe sobre el papel de las políticas públicas en desarrollo emprendedor y potencial innovador de los sectores culturales y creativos. En él reconoce a Conexiones improbables como ejemplo de Buenas Prácticas para la Unión Europea.
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This session provides a comprehensive overview of the latest updates to the Uniform Administrative Requirements, Cost Principles, and Audit Requirements for Federal Awards (commonly known as the Uniform Guidance) outlined in the 2 CFR 200.
With a focus on the 2024 revisions issued by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), participants will gain insight into the key changes affecting federal grant recipients. The session will delve into critical regulatory updates, providing attendees with the knowledge and tools necessary to navigate and comply with the evolving landscape of federal grant management.
Learning Objectives:
- Understand the rationale behind the 2024 updates to the Uniform Guidance outlined in 2 CFR 200, and their implications for federal grant recipients.
- Identify the key changes and revisions introduced by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) in the 2024 edition of 2 CFR 200.
- Gain proficiency in applying the updated regulations to ensure compliance with federal grant requirements and avoid potential audit findings.
- Develop strategies for effectively implementing the new guidelines within the grant management processes of their respective organizations, fostering efficiency and accountability in federal grant administration.
Jennifer Schaus and Associates hosts a complimentary webinar series on The FAR in 2024. Join the webinars on Wednesdays and Fridays at noon, eastern.
Recordings are on YouTube and the company website.
https://www.youtube.com/@jenniferschaus/videos
A process server is a authorized person for delivering legal documents, such as summons, complaints, subpoenas, and other court papers, to peoples involved in legal proceedings.
Understanding the Challenges of Street ChildrenSERUDS INDIA
By raising awareness, providing support, advocating for change, and offering assistance to children in need, individuals can play a crucial role in improving the lives of street children and helping them realize their full potential
Donate Us
https://serudsindia.org/how-individuals-can-support-street-children-in-india/
#donatefororphan, #donateforhomelesschildren, #childeducation, #ngochildeducation, #donateforeducation, #donationforchildeducation, #sponsorforpoorchild, #sponsororphanage #sponsororphanchild, #donation, #education, #charity, #educationforchild, #seruds, #kurnool, #joyhome
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Thumbnail picture is by MediaZona, you may read their report on anti-war arson attacks in Russia here: https://en.zona.media/article/2022/10/13/burn-map
Links:
Autonomous Action
http://Avtonom.org
Anarchist Black Cross Moscow
http://Avtonom.org/abc
Solidarity Zone
https://t.me/solidarity_zone
Memorial
https://memopzk.org/, https://t.me/pzk_memorial
OVD-Info
https://en.ovdinfo.org/antiwar-ovd-info-guide
RosUznik
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Uznik Online
http://uznikonline.tilda.ws/
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Send mail to prisoners from abroad:
http://Prisonmail.online
YouTube: https://youtu.be/c5nSOdU48O8
Spotify: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/libertarianlifecoach/episodes/Russian-anarchist-and-anti-war-movement-in-the-third-year-of-full-scale-war-e2k8ai4
Measuring the impact of culture on jobs and growth
1. SPEECH/13/849
EUROPEAN COMMISSION
Androulla VASSILIOU
Member of the European Commission responsible for Education, Culture,
Multilingualism and Youth
Measuring the impact of culture on jobs and growth
Joint Research Centre Conference – Scientific support for growth and
jobs: Cultural and creative industries /Brussels
24 October 2013
Embargo: 10:00 am
2. 2
I am often invited to talk about the cultural and creative sectors, but I consider this
meeting a special occasion. Today could mark the beginning of a new process, bringing
together policy makers, representatives of the sectors and research for the benefit of
culture and its related sectors.
It is therefore a great pleasure to be here.
I wish to thank the Joint Research Centre, and Mr Ristori in particular, for taking this
initiative and for inviting me to present my thoughts.
We are here today to discuss how best to gather evidence in order to design better
policies and help place culture higher on the European agenda for growth and jobs. Our
focus will be on the spill-over effects of culture onto other sectors and on its contribution
to local and regional development.
Allow me to share some thoughts with you on these questions.
Evidence-based policymaking has become a bit of a mantra lately. It is true that,
especially in times of financial austerity, policy proposals must be backed by sound
evidence. The cultural and creative sectors are no exception - and this in no way
undermines the intrinsic value of culture as a public good.
We have seen that these sectors already contribute significantly to Europe's economy.
We know that they have the potential of contributing even more. I will not repeat the
well-known figures about the cultural and creative sectors in terms of economic output
and job creation.
I will only stress here that the cultural and creative sectors represent close to one
million, mostly small, businesses – a particularity which should be taken into account.
At the same time, we see a worrying trend among budgetary authorities who look at arts
and culture as a luxury and a cost rather than as an investment. Public budgets are
slashed accordingly.
I do not suggest that we should succumb to the pressure of the economic argument, but
I call for what I consider a tactical approach.
If we wish to sound convincing when talking about the contribution of culture to the
economy and the society, we need tools at hand.
We need evaluation and measurement methods which can capture the full range of
impacts that culture and the arts have on the economy and on society. We need to map
spill-over effects on other sectors and we need to start quantifying them.
Those of you present today are convinced about the economic potential of the cultural
and creative sectors for contributing to a job-rich recovery in Europe. However, in order
to make a persuasive case to those who may not be convinced – and it is often they who
decide on budgets - we need to present evidence that is systematic, comprehensive and
compelling.
Some data exists of course. About a year ago, I proposed a Communication on
promoting the cultural and creative sectors, urging Member States to develop integrated
long-term strategies at the national and regional level. Our political message then was
backed by data. But work on building evidence is never stopping. For instance, we have
seen the sectors to be resilient to the economic downturn starting in 2008, but we need
to know how they are behaving against the backdrop of a continuing recession.
Data need to be updated. They need to be expanded, honed and refined so that we can
establish a solid evidence base for adapting our policies and developing new initiatives.
3. 3
With their unique combination of scientific research knowledge and EU policy experience,
our colleagues at the Joint Research Centre can help to improve how we measure the
impact of culture and develop adapted indicators. Science has a key role to play in
providing better metrics and stronger evidence and supporting effective policy-making at
all levels: local, regional, national and European.
When we speak about evidence-based policy-making for the cultural and creative sectors
we should have in mind two things: quality statistics and illustrative examples. Let me
explain what I mean.
Quality statistics can capture the economic and societal weight of the cultural and
creative sectors (for instance: contribution to the GDP, employment), the specificities of
these sectors (for example the size and profile of the businesses involved) and the
horizontal aspects linked with culture and the activities it generates: cultural
participation, values, spill-over effects.
I believe that statistics must be complemented by illustrative examples. A sound
analysis of concrete examples of the positive impacts of cultural and creative sectors on
local economies and societies should be an integral part of evidence building
methodologies. Such an analysis can help, for instance, to identify systemic elements
which determine success or failure.
This is especially relevant when it comes to local and regional development strategies.
But what have we done so far in the area of cultural statistics and examples?
The European Agenda for Culture adopted in 2007 calls for evidence-based policy and
the two Council Work Plans since 2008 identified as a priority improving the collection
and comparability of cultural statistics at European level.
With regard to statistics, useful groundwork is being conducted by Eurostat. Last year
the European Statistical System Network Culture – which was set up under the auspices
of Eurostat - proposed a new conceptual and operational statistical framework for the
cultural sector. The aim is to create a common statistical language for all EU Member
States and, ultimately, data comparable across the European Union.
This is only a starting point. My services are intensifying cooperation with Eurostat to
improve cultural statistics - in particular on cultural employment. I am keen to see
precise figures on employment in the cultural and creative Sectors, in particular as
regards young people.
However, further work on statistics requires a mobilization of resources on all sides.
We need to look into what can be done now by the Commission and the Member States,
individually and working together.
Let me now turn to a concrete example which captures well the two topics discussed
today: spill-over effects and development of cities and regions.
The European Capitals of Culture is an obvious, yet modest, case in point.
The award of the title for the European Capital of Culture sets in motion a long-term
process that can change a city, its image, its cultural sector and its citizens. The
economic and social benefits that are generated, in terms of tourism, branding, growth
and social inclusion, are felt for many years after the event. But we need to
systematically collect and study these benefits.
In addition, I would like to single out some spill-over effects that are worth stressing:
the development of skills and the creation of job opportunities, innovation and branding,
creative content and new technologies, regional development, and social inclusion.
4. 4
As European Commissioner in charge of both education and culture, I attach particular
attention to creative partnerships and knowledge alliances between higher education and
businesses, including creative businesses.
Such partnerships allow us to identify the needs of the sector and help develop skills to
address labour market shortages. I believe that this approach is key to promoting youth
employment in creative industries.
The impact of design in adding value to products and services in traditional
manufacturing industries is an obvious example when talking about culture and
innovation. European design is one of Europe's great competitive advantages.
Firms that invest in creative input are far more likely to introduce product innovation and
so maintain their competitive edge.
In the area of ICTs, artistic achievements and 'creative content' feed broadband
networks,
computers and consumer electronic devices. We need reliable evidence to capture this
reality and to support the place of the cultural and creative sectors in the digital value
chain.
In terms of regional development, urban regeneration through cultural projects has
repeatedly proved to be a winning formula. Just think of the Ruhr region in Germany, a
successful example of cultural cooperation among 53 cities.
Finally, artistic interventions help to increase the effectiveness of different social policies,
with positive effects on social inclusion and well-being. Participating in cultural activities
helps to create in people a sense of belonging and shared purpose, and can prevent
social exclusion – something which is not negligible at times like today where we see
phenomena of extremism and xenophobia in different parts of Europe.
Ladies and gentlemen,
There is no lack of examples about the positive spill-over effects of culture. What we lack
is a systematic analysis of this body of evidence.
What we need is to develop our capacity to derive economic models from examples such
as those I've given. It is here that the Joint Research Centre has a crucial role to play by
addressing the fragmentation of existing evidence and improving the methodologies
used for analysing it.
A joint effort of all stakeholders and diverse expertise are required.
I am convinced that closer cooperation with the Joint Research Centre in the field of
cultural and creative sectors can serve as the much-needed 'knowledge broker' between
research and policy. The representatives of the sector should be also on board.
We could try together to mobilise networks of regions, cities and cultural operators to
make a critical mass of raw information available for testing models on real data. In
addition, this work should also be coordinated with relevant work on enterprise and
industrial policy, the digital agenda and regional and urban development.
Dear friends,
We need to engage in dialogue and further our work jointly in the two topics proposed
today and, hopefully, even more, in the future.
A first opportunity to hear about the results of today's discussion and continue the
dialogue is the European Culture Forum, which will take place in less than two weeks in
Brussels. I hope to welcome many of you there. Thank you for your attention.