Market Segmentation.pptx
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Market segmentation involves dividing a heterogeneous market into smaller, more homogeneous segments based on shared characteristics. It allows businesses to tailor their marketing efforts to specific customer groups. The key bases used for segmentation include demographic factors, geographic location, psychographic traits, behavioral patterns, price sensitivity, and usage rates. Combining multiple bases can provide a more precise segmentation strategy for enhanced customer understanding and improved resource allocation.
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Market segmentation is the process of dividing a broad consumer or business market, normally consisting of existing and potential customers, into sub-groups of consumers (segments) based on characteristics such as demographics, behaviors, needs or other attributes. It allows companies to target their products and marketing more precisely at specific groups who value different benefits. The key bases for segmenting markets include geographic, demographic, psychographic, and behavioral factors. Effective market segmentation enables companies to increase efficiency and profits by focusing resources on the most promising customer segments.
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This document discusses market segmentation, targeting, and positioning. It provides the following key points:
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2. 1. What are Herb-drug interactions? 2. How herbs interact with other co administered drug ? 3. Whether they are diagnoised? 4. Are they neglected? 5. Any reports available ? 6. What is the significance of the study ? 7. Need for the study We will discuss on following points HERB + DRUG Interaction
3. Herb drugs + Allopathic drug = Some Reactions HERB + DRUG Interaction 1. When herbal medicinal products and western drugs administered together may interact each other in body leading to kinetic and dynamic alterations. 2. Herbs are often administered in combination with therapeutic drugs, raising the potential of herb-drug interactions. 3. Herbs or Herbal drugs often taken with the Allopathic drugs with belief that it will have some Beneficial effect. 4. Most of the herbal drugs are taken because of- Availability, Economic consideration and its safety
4. PharmacodynamicPharmacokinetics Herb may causes Additive Synergistic Antagonistic Unidentified Response activity in relation to conventional drug Change the Absorption Distribution Metabolism Protein binding Excretion of the drug thus changing blood level of drug HERB + DRUG Interaction
5. Diagnosis Evidence of Interaction Preclinical Trials Clinical Trials Case studies from pharmacovigilance 1 2 3
6. 1. Drug interaction is the 4th to 6th cause of death in the world. 2. About 70-80 herbs may increase the risk of bleeding. 3. Aristolochic acid from Kidamari (Aristolochia Bracteolata) is toxic. 4. Ephedra (Somlata) caused more than 54 deaths and 1600 cases of adverse reaction. Facts about Herbal Drug Interactions
7. 1. Clinician lack of adequate knowledge about Drug-herb Interaction 2. No quality control and assurance for the purity and safety. 3. No advance research in this field. 4. Blind believe or over believe in Ayurverdic medicine 5. Avoidance of patient history about drug sensitivity 6. Adulteration in herbal drug Reason for Herb-Drug Interaction Less Knowledge No Quality Control No Documentation Mythological Believe Herbal-Drug Interaction
8. PHARMACOKINETIC INTERACTION Parameter Increases Decreases Absorption Ginger Fibers Green tea Mucilage containing herb Black pepper Mucilage containing herb Metabolism Guggul Grape juice Elimination Laxative (Aloe) Liquorices Diuretics herbs
9. ALOE VERA Interferes with drug absorption through Laxative action (Aloe latex) Decrease transit time Decrease Intestinal Fluids GINGKO BILOBA Decrease effectiveness of Alprazolam by decreasing its absorption. Ginkgo decreases absorption of Alprazolam rather than inducing hepatic metabolism of alprazolam. GINGER Enhance the absorption of sulfaguanidine and decreases blood sugar PHARMACOKINETIC INTERACTION Herbal drugs which shows Interaction related to Absorption
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1. A Informative Slides On HERB + DRUG Interaction VANDANA JANGHEL Assistant Professor (M. Pharma, Pharmacognosy) (Siddhi Vinayaka Institute of Technology & Sciences, Bilaspur, C.G.) What comes from Nature + What we change in nature + What we don’t want
2. 1. What are Herb-drug interactions? 2. How herbs interact with other co administered drug ? 3. Whether they are diagnoised? 4. Are they neglected? 5. Any reports available ? 6. What is the significance of the study ? 7. Need for the study We will discuss on following points HERB + DRUG Interaction
3. Herb drugs + Allopathic drug = Some Reactions HERB + DRUG Interaction 1. When herbal medicinal products and western drugs administered together may interact each other in body leading to kinetic and dynamic alterations. 2. Herbs are often administered in combination with therapeutic drugs, raising the potential of herb-drug interactions. 3. Herbs or Herbal drugs often taken with the Allopathic drugs with belief that it will have some Beneficial effect. 4. Most of the herbal drugs are taken because of- Availability, Economic consideration and its safety
4. PharmacodynamicPharmacokinetics Herb may causes Additive Synergistic Antagonistic Unidentified Response activity in relation to conventional drug Change the Absorption Distribution Metabolism Protein binding Excretion of the drug thus changing blood level of drug HERB + DRUG Interaction
5. Diagnosis Evidence of Interaction Preclinical Trials Clinical Trials Case studies from pharmacovigilance 1 2 3
6. 1. Drug interaction is the 4th to 6th cause of death in the world. 2. About 70-80 herbs may increase the risk of bleeding. 3. Aristolochic acid from Kidamari (Aristolochia Bracteolata) is toxic. 4. Ephedra (Somlata) caused more than 54 deaths and 1600 cases of adverse reaction. Facts about Herbal Drug Interactions
7. 1. Clinician lack of adequate knowledge about Drug-herb Interaction 2. No quality control and assurance for the purity and safety. 3. No advance research in this field. 4. Blind believe or over believe in Ayurverdic medicine 5. Avoidance of patient history about drug sensitivity 6. Adulteration in herbal drug Reason for Herb-Drug Interaction Less Knowledge No Quality Control No Documentation Mythological Believe Herbal-Drug Interaction
8. PHARMACOKINETIC INTERACTION Parameter Increases Decreases Absorption Ginger Fibers Green tea Mucilage containing herb Black pepper Mucilage containing herb Metabolism Guggul Grape juice Elimination Laxative (Aloe) Liquorices Diuretics herbs
9. ALOE VERA Interferes with drug absorption through Laxative action (Aloe latex) Decrease transit time Decrease Intestinal Fluids GINGKO BILOBA Decrease effectiveness of Alprazolam by decreasing its absorption. Ginkgo decreases absorption of Alprazolam rather than inducing hepatic metabolism of alprazolam. GINGER Enhance the absorption of sulfaguanidine and decreases blood sugar PHARMACOKINETIC INTERACTION Herbal drugs which shows Interaction related to Absorption
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Customer relationship management notes for Bcom students
Customer relationship management notes for Bcom students
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Women-Focused Marketing
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Women-Focused Marketing
Market Segmentation.pptx
- 2. INTRODUCTION TO MARKET SEGMENTATION • Definition: Market segmentation is the process of dividing a heterogeneous market into smaller, more manageable segments based on shared characteristics. • It allows businesses to tailor their marketing efforts to specific groups of customers.
- 3. WHY DO WE NEED MARKET SEGMENTATION? • Addressing Heterogeneity: Markets are diverse, and customers have varied needs and preferences. • Targeted Marketing: Segmentation enables businesses to target specific customer groups with customized marketing strategies. • Enhanced Efficiency: It leads to efficient resource allocation by focusing efforts where they are most effective.
- 4. BENEFITS OF MARKET SEGMENTATION • Enhanced Customer Understanding: Deeper insights into customer needs and behaviors. • Customized Marketing: Tailoring marketing efforts to specific segments. • Improved Resource Allocation: Efficient use of resources. • Competitive Advantage: Ability to meet customer demands more effectively.
- 5. BASES FOR MARKET SEGMENTATION • Definition: Bases for market segmentation are the criteria or variables used to divide a heterogeneous market into smaller, more homogenous segments. • These bases help businesses identify and target specific customer groups with tailored marketing strategies.
- 6. DEMOGRAPHIC SEGMENTATION • Explanation: Dividing the market based on demographic factors, which include characteristics like age, gender, income, education, marital status, and family size. • Example: Targeting luxury products to high-income individuals or baby products to new parents.
- 7. GEOGRAPHIC SEGMENTATION • Explanation: Segmenting the market based on geographic location, such as country, region, city, climate, or urban/rural areas. • Example: Marketing sunscreen products in regions with sunny climates.
- 8. PSYCHOGRAPHIC SEGMENTATION • Explanation: Grouping customers based on shared psychographic traits, including lifestyle, values, attitudes, interests, and beliefs. • Example: Promoting adventure sports equipment to thrill- seekers or eco-friendly products to environmentally conscious consumers.
- 9. BEHAVIORAL SEGMENTATION • Explanation: Segmenting the market based on customers' behavior, which includes usage patterns, brand loyalty, purchase history, and the benefits sought. • Example: Offering discounts to frequent shoppers or providing premium services to loyal customers.
- 10. PRICE SEGMENTATION • Explanation: Dividing the market based on customers' price sensitivity and willingness to pay for products or services. • Example: Offering different pricing tiers for software subscriptions (e.g., basic, premium, enterprise).
- 11. USAGE RATE SEGMENTATION • Explanation: Segmenting the market based on how frequently customers use a product or service. • Example: Offering special deals or loyalty programs for frequent users of a service (e.g., airline frequent flyer programs).
- 12. BENEFITS OF EACH BASIS FOR MARKET SEGMENTATION • Demographic Segmentation: • Enhanced targeting precision. • Better understanding of age and income-related preferences. • Geographic Segmentation: • Localization of marketing efforts. • Catering to climate-specific needs. • Psychographic Segmentation: • Tailored messaging to align with consumer values. • Building stronger emotional connections.
- 13. • Behavioral Segmentation: • Improved customer retention. • Personalized product recommendations. • Price Segmentation: • Maximizing revenue by offering pricing options. • Meeting the budget constraints of diverse customer groups. • Usage Rate Segmentation: • Customized marketing to encourage increased usage. • Building long-term loyalty among frequent users.
- 14. SELECTING THE RIGHT BASIS FOR YOUR BUSINESS • Considerations: • The nature of your product or service. • Availability of data. • Relevance to your target market. • Emphasize the importance of aligning the chosen basis with business objectives
- 15. COMBINING MULTIPLE BASES • Explanation: Businesses often use multiple bases simultaneously for a more precise segmentation strategy. • Example: Combining demographic and behavioral factors to create a comprehensive customer profile.