Marine pollution in sri lanka A presentation Done by the 1st Year Students (Group 4) of the Department of Forestry and Environmental Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura for the Environmental Chemistry Assignment..

1. Marine Pollution In Sri Lanka

2. Group members K.P.S. Madhuranga ShashiDayarathna GayanaManamperi ImalkaHitihamu Chathura De Alwis Prasadi H.L.A. IsuruUdayanga

3. Maritime Zones in Sri Lanka Territorial Sea Contiguous Zone Exclusive Economic Zone (Pollution Prevention Zone)

4. Sri Lankan Maritime Zone

5. As Sri Lanka is an island Recently Sri Lanka engaging with lot of developing projects regarding marine resources Because of having development in Tourism As mostly urbanization happening in coastal areas Why we are focusing on this

6. • Marine Pollution– “The introduction by man, directly or indirectly, of substances or energy to the marine environment resulting in deleterious effects such as: hazards to human health, hindrance to marine activities, impairment of the quality of seawater for various uses and reduction of amenities (UN definition) What is Marine pollution……

8. Ships transportation marine pollution.Source of Marine Pollutant in Sri Lanka

9. Land run off Urban and domestic debris Industrial debris Agricultural debris Tourism Off-Shore Installation Land Base

10. Surface run-off ; from farming Urban run-off; from the construction of roads, buildings, ports, channels, and harbours, can carry soil and Particles laden with carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and minerals. Polluted runoff ; from roads and highways are the significant source of water pollution in coastal areas in the country. Land run off

11. Polluted run-off Land Run-off Urban runoff

12. Contaminants ; organic matters metals Urban and domestic debris close to urban cities, plastic, glasses,polythene, cigarette butts were the most abundant debris, followed by packaging items (boxes, bags, caps, lids), medical waste, and sewage. A high proportion of this material reached the sea by way of sewers

13. chemicals and municipals sewerage plastic particles

14. Many animals that live on or in the sea consume flotsam by mistake. Plastic debris, when bulky or tangled, is difficult to pass, and may become permanently lodged in the digestive tracts of these animals, blocking the passage of food and causing death through starvation or infection Impact of Urban debris

15. Mostly in Sri Lanka , sea turtles and Coral reeves are affected with urban debris and it make huge damage for them

17. inorganic matters

18. toxinsIndustrial debris

19. Industrial Debris

20. These accumulate in the fatty tissue of plants and animals low in the food chain, and as they pass through the food web to larger and long-lived animals, there is an increase in concentration of the substances in their fat, a process known as bioaccumulation. Many animals have tumors and disease. There is mounting evidence that chronic exposure to contaminants causes suppression of the immune responses of marine mammals. Impact of Industrial Debris

21. Organic matters Heavy metals (Cr, Hg, Cd) Nutrients( N,P) Chemical pesticides, chemical substances used to kill harmful animals or insects, and fertilizers, chemical or natural substances put on the land to make crops grow better, are another source of pollution Agricultural debris

22. Degradation periods of marine debris

23. Merchant Ships Fisheries Boats Military and research ships Ballatwater Ship and transportation pollutants

25. Designated dumping grounds at sea (dredged spoil, old munitions, sewage sludge, fly ash, oil based drilling mud)

26. Accidental spills from Ships carrying hazardous substances, oil, gas etc.Ships transportation marine pollution

28. Negligence and careless handling

29. Discharge of waste oil into sea water

30. Discharge waste containing oil

31. Ship/Boat repairing/servicing/cleaning

32. Oil filling/bunkeringMajor marine pollutant – Oil

33. About ports and 70% of oil spills are within or around harbours

35. Inhalation or ingestion of toxic components

36. Loss of food resources

37. Birds and furred mammals

38. Inhalation of toxic volatile hydrocarbons

39. Inhalation of toxic volatile hydrocarbons

40. Skin irritation

41. Disturbance to nesting habitat

42. coral reefs

43. tidal flats

44. mangrove forestsImpact of Oil on organisms

45. Spread of invasive alien species lower biodiversity Imbalance food chains and ecosystem Ballast water

46. The tourist Industry mostly damage for the seashores and Coral reef How the tourist industry cause for Sri Lanakan Marine Pollution Hikkaduwa is a prime example of what developing tourism can do to a hitherto untouched island treasure.

47. The reefs` aesthetic charms draw tourists by the dozens. For people around the area, this means business opportunities in the forms of hotels, businesses, and one of the biggest threats to the reef, glass-bottomed boats. Now Hikkaduwa reefs are being gradually worn down

48. Negambo Hikkaduwa Mount-lavinia Galle Panadura Kaluthara Marine pollution affected areas in Sri Lanka

49. These are our Obsevations

56. What we can do……..

58. Booms

59. Skimmers (remove floating oil)

60. Sorbents (absorb oil)

61. Dispersing agents,

62. Gelling agents (aid mechanical extraction)

63. Biological agents (oil metabolizing microbes)

64. Mechanical washing

65. DredgingPrevention & Control

67. Septic tankDomestic sewage

68. Industrial wastewater treatment

69. Marine Pollution Prevention Authority Marine Pollution Prevention Authority contribute to protect the marine environment from ship based and shore based maritime related activity, to comply with International and national obligations by promulgation of laws and regulations and implementation of international Conventions relating to marine pollution prevention and all other matters.

70. Sri Lanka sea pollution increasing Nov 17, 2008 (LBO) - Pollution of the seas around Sri Lanka is increasing mainly because of pollutants from land, the Marine Pollution Prevention Authority (MPPA) has warned. What is Sri Lankan Authority Says about Marine Pollution

71. Marine pollution prevention Act Fisheries and Aquatic resources Act. Coast conservation Act. National environmental Act. Legal framework for preventing marine pollution in Sri Lanka

72. Visit to Marine pollution prevention Authority

73. http://www.environmentmin.gov.lk/agencies.htm http://www.pollutionissues.com/Ve-Z/Water-Pollution-Marine.html http://www.pollutionissues.com/Ve-Z/Water-Pollution-Marine.html http://www.ngo.grida.no/wwfneap/Objectives/pollut.htm References

74. Thank you !