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1. Marine Pollution

2. Definition
Marine pollution refers to the introduction of
harmful or potentially harmful substances
into the ocean or other bodies of water,
leading to adverse effects on marine life,
ecosystems, and water quality. This pollution
can arise from human activities such as
industrial discharges, oil spills, plastic waste,
and agricultural runoff, among others
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3. TYPES OF MARINE POLLUTION
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1.Plastic Pollution
2. Oil spills
3.Industrial discharges
4. Agricultural Runoff
5.Sewage and waste water disposal
6.Shipping activities
7.Atmospheric deposition
8.Illegal dumpinf

4. “
Improper disposal and inadequate recycling
of plastic waste result in large amounts of
plastic entering oceans
Shipping Activities:
Ballast water discharge from ships can
introduce invasive species to new
environments. Additionally, accidents, such
as collisions or grounding, may result in the
release of pollutants, including oil.
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Plastic Pollution

5. Factories and industrial facilities release
pollutants such as heavy metals,
chemicals, and toxins into water bodies
Improperly treated or untreated sewage
and wastewater from urban areas can
introduce harmful bacteria, nutrients, and
chemicals into marine environments,
leading to water quality degradation..
Industrial Discharge
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Sewage And Waste Water Disposal:

6. Oil Spill
Accidental or deliberate discharges of oil
from ships, offshore drilling rigs, or pipelines
can have severe consequences, coating
marine life, shorelines, and affecting
ecosystems.
Agricultural runoff
Excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides
in agriculture can lead to runoff, carrying
pollutants like nutrients and chemicals into
rivers and ultimately reaching the oceans.
This runoff can cause algal blooms and
oxygen depletion.
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7. A picture is worth a
thousand words
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Airborne pollutants, including heavy
metals and persistent organic pollutants,
can settle on the ocean surface through
atmospheric deposition
Some individuals and companies illegally
dispose of waste at sea, contributing to
marine pollution. This can include
dumping of various materials, including
hazardous substances.
Atmospheric Deposition
Illegal Dumping

8. Preventions
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Marine pollution refers to the introduction of harmful or
potentially harmful substances into the ocean or other bodies of
water, leading to adverse effects on marine life, ecosystems, and
water quality. This pollution can arise from human activities
such as industrial discharges, oil spills, plastic waste, and
agricultural runoff, among others.
 Regulatory Measures : International Agreements: Enforce and
adhere to international agreements and conventions
 Double-Hulled Tankers: Encourage or mandate the use of
double-hulled tankers to reduce the risk of oil spills in case
of accidents.
 Reduce Single-Use Plastics
 Waste Disposal Regulations should be enforced strictly
 Marine Protected Areas: Establish marine protected areas to
conserve biodiversity

9. Case- Study
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Chennai Oil Spill
Turtles, fish and prawns coated in oil have been found dead on
the beaches.
Environmentalists fear the massive oil spill after two ships
collided near Chennai will have a long-term impact on the
marine life than previously believed.
The collision took place when MT BW Maple - a ship from the
Isle of Man that was on its way out of the Ennore port - hit MT
Dawn Kanchipuram, an Indian ship carrying nearly 45,000
tonnes of petroleum. MT Dawn Kanchipuram was on its way to
berth at the Ennore port, 24 km north of Tamil Nadu capital.
The Coast Guard said on Tuesday nearly 40 tonnes of oil sludge
and 27 tonnes of oil and water mixture has been collected. The
thick oil sludge washed ashore along 800m of shoreline north
of Chennai harbour.
The popular Marina Beach and a 2-3 km stretch of shoreline
near Thiruvalluvar have also been affected.
Coast Guard team tackles the oil
spill in Chennai.

10. Case-Study
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Oil Spill in New Orleans Louisiana
A brown pelican coated in oil struggles on East Grand Terre
Island, Louisiana, on June 4, 2010.
Some species, such as brown pelicans, have rebounded, while
long-lived species have been hindered for generations. Still,
data is scarce.
NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA.On April 20, 2010, an explosion at
the BP Deepwater Horizon oil rig released over 130 million
gallons of crude oil into the Gulf of Mexico. It was the biggest
oil spill ever in U.S. waters and remains one of the worst
environmental disasters in world history. Eleven rig workers
lost their lives. So did untold millions of marine mammals, sea
turtles, birds, and fish. While the world watched, helpless, oil
gushed into one of the planet’s most biodiverse marine
habitats for 87 long days

11. Conclusion
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Marine pollution is a grave threat to Earth's ecosystems, affecting not only the oceans but also terrestrial life and
human well-being. It disrupts marine food chains, damages coral reefs, and contaminates seafood, posing risks to
human health. Urgent action is needed to curb marine pollution to safeguard the health of our planet and future
generations.
Solutions for pollution in ocean:
 Reduce chemical fertilizer use. Excess chemical fertilizer eventually makes its way into the
oceans. Choose organic fertilizers, which tend to be lower in nutrients, and use them at half
strength or half as often as suggested.
 Properly dispose of plastics and other trash. One of the simplest ways to reduce ocean pollution is
to properly dispose of plastics and other recyclable materials, so they don’t end up in the ocean. In
outdoor spaces, such as beaches and parks, dispose of trash in a secure receptacle or take it home
with you.

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 Opt for reusable bottles and utensils. Single-use plastic bottles, eating utensils and straws, are
massive ocean polluters. Rather than contributing to the threat to marine life, opt for reusable
bottles and utensils. When using reusable bottles, BPA-Free or glass bottles are best. Reusable
straws made from silicone or metal are great options to use as well. They get the job done, can be
used multiple times and stay out of our landfills and oceans.
By taking these actions collectively, we can work towards preserving marine ecosystems and
protecting the Earth's fragile environment from the threats posed by marine pollution.