MAPS OF RAWE STUDENTS OF AGRICULTURE BACKGROUND
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- The need for and process of organic certification to assure consumers that products meet organic standards. This involves accreditation, standards, inspection and certification.
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- The National Institute of Organic Agriculture will provide training on sustainable farming practices, research alternative farming methods, and develop organic certification standards in line with IFOAM.
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The document discusses various methods of fertilizer application including broadcasting, placement methods like plough sole placement and deep placement, localized placement techniques like drilling and side dressing, and foliar, fertigation, and aerial application. It emphasizes the importance of applying fertilizers based on soil testing and type to ensure their efficient use by plants and minimize losses.
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Rice is our staple diet and in the south and east of India people eat rice thrice a day in various forms. Since the last two - three decades we have been mainly eating polished white rice from few high yielding varieties of paddy. This is reported to cause numerous health issues. Pesticide use in paddy is also quite high and around 17% of the pesticides used in the country goes into paddy. Residues of these pesticides found in our staple grain is a serious cause for concern. Since most of the paddy is cultivated in wetlands and irrigated areas, this practice also leads to contamination of our water resources and soil.
Organic rice cultivation uses organic inputs such as farm yard manure, vermin - compost, Beejamrut, dharava jeeva amuruth, agniyastharam etc. These natural inputs will maintain a balance in the soil eco - system by maintaining a constant level of microorganism’s loads in the soil. As the organic rice cultivation uses none of the chemical pesticides, we can also prevent the degradation of flora and fauna living above the soil. Beside it we can also maintain a good agro eco - system and biodiversity. The organic rice has less calorific value and high fiber value when compared to conventional rice so people who are suffering from diabetes can consume organic rice without any hesitation. The inputs used in the organic rice are easily prepare from the available farm resources so farmers can easily adopt the cultivation of organic rice. Even the yield of organic rice may be low when compare to conventional rice cultivation and the nutritive value of the organic rice is high. As the demand is increasing day by day for organic rice hence the farmers can go for cultivation organic rice insisted of conventional cultivation in order to get sustainable yield and to prevent from health hazards, protect biodiversity and maintain balanced eco system.
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This document discusses various aspects of indigenous technical knowledge (ITK) used in organic farming in India. It explains that ITK is traditional knowledge that has been passed down over generations and varies between communities. ITK practices can help organic farming by avoiding synthetic chemicals and maintaining soil health in a sustainable manner. Some specific ITK practices discussed include using fermented coconut milk or mixtures containing goat products as crop growth promoters, using mulches like tree leaves to conserve soil moisture, and using plants like tulsi or neem for pest and disease management. The document provides many examples of traditional practices for different stages of farming from pre-sowing to post-harvest management.
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protected cultivation of high value vegetables
The document discusses protected cultivation of vegetables and fruits at the Centre of Excellence for Vegetables in Karnal, Haryana. It provides information on organic farming techniques like vermicomposting and NADEP composting. It also describes the benefits of polyhouses and highlights different types like polytunnels, walk-in tunnels, and insect-proof polyhouses. Furthermore, it discusses high-tech greenhouse cultivation of vegetables like tomatoes. Seedlings are grown using a soil-less medium and common diseases like damping off are controlled through various treatments.
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Common IFS components for rainfed areas are then described, including crop husbandry, dairy, poultry, duckery, horticulture, and goatery. Details are provided on suitable crops, breeds, housing requirements, feeding, and yields. The document concludes by stating that IFS can increase overall productivity and profitability
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The RAWE program aims to provide practical agricultural experience to students through involvement in farm activities with local farmers, conducting surveys and farm planning, and extension education work in villages. Students are divided into groups and assigned villages to work in for a period of time. The program orientation provides training in participatory rural appraisal techniques to acquaint students with the socio-economic conditions of the villages.
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This document provides information about natural farming and zero budget natural farming (ZBNF) in India. It discusses the principles and practices of natural farming according to major proponents like Masanobu Fukuoka, Subhash Palekar who developed ZBNF, and initiatives in Indian states to promote ZBNF. It summarizes the key drivers of ZBNF adoption, impact on yields, costs and incomes, and ongoing research efforts including ICAR's evaluation of ZBNF claims and potential large scale impacts on Indian agriculture.
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PRESENTATION ON Cole crops
- Cole crops like cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower originated in southern Europe and the Mediterranean region. They were first domesticated as annual, non-heading types.
- Important cole crops include cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, kale, brussel sprouts, and kohlrabi, which are varieties of Brassica oleracea.
- Cole crops are low in calories, fat and carbohydrates but high in vitamins, minerals and antioxidants. They have known anticancer properties.
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SEED ppt
1. Seed technology involves seed production, processing, storage, testing, certification, marketing and related research. It aims to improve seed quality and increase agricultural production.
2. Key aspects of seed technology include developing high-yielding varieties, ensuring a continuous supply of quality seeds, and facilitating crop recovery after natural disasters through national seed reserves.
3. Seed certification involves field inspections, seed testing and labeling to maintain varietal purity and ensure seeds meet quality standards. It is overseen by seed certification agencies established under the Seeds Act of 1966.
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The document discusses major constraints to pulse production including agro-ecological, physiological, lack of high yielding varieties, poor agronomic management, socio-economic factors, research and extension gaps, and post-harvest issues. It then provides details on the cultivation of three specific pulses - greengram, blackgram, and mungbean - covering their classification, climate requirements, suitable soils, field preparation techniques, recommended varieties, sowing times and methods, fertilizer use, weed control, harvesting, and typical yields.
Methods of Fertilizer Application
The document discusses various methods of fertilizer application including broadcasting, placement methods like plough sole placement and deep placement, localized placement techniques like drilling and side dressing, and foliar, fertigation, and aerial application. It emphasizes the importance of applying fertilizers based on soil testing and type to ensure their efficient use by plants and minimize losses.
Certification of Organic Products [compatibility mode]
This was the presentation on “Organic Standards” at National workshop on “Organic Farming: A Potential Solution for Farmers engaged in cotton cultivation”, 22-23 May 2003, Warangal, AP, Oxfam GB India
Emasculation and pollination in redgram
The document discusses emasculation and pollination techniques for redgram, including manually removing anthers from female flowers, collecting pollen from male flowers before anthesis, and immediately dusting the pollen on the stigma of the emasculated female flower. It also outlines the stages of pod and seed development after pollination and provides details on maintaining records and calculating pollination success.
organic farming using ITK
The document discusses indigenous technical knowledge (ITK) of organic farming practices in India. It describes various ITK practices related to pre-sowing, soil and water management, pest and disease management, and post-harvest management. Some examples of ITK practices include soaking radish seeds in buttermilk before sowing, using neem to control pests, intercropping with legumes to restore soil fertility, and making panchagavya from cow products to provide nutrients to plants. The document concludes that ITK practices are organic, sustainable and cost-effective, though further scientific validation of these traditional methods is still needed.
Organic manure, importance & properties
Organic manures are substances derived from animal and plant residues that are organic in nature and supply plant nutrients. They improve soil structure, water and nutrient retention, and support microbial activity. Fortified organic manures enrich organic waste with inorganic fertilizers and biofertilizers to increase crop yields while protecting soil quality. Examples include enriched farmyard manure prepared by mixing mineral nutrients and zinc sulfate into farmyard manure.
Field Inspection
The document describes an experiential learning program for seed production and processing of field crops conducted during the 2014-2015 academic year. It provides details of the program such as the module number and title, credits awarded, number of students, and faculty overseeing different disciplines. It then discusses the objectives and process of field inspection for seed certification, including verification of variety, isolation distances, and freedom from impurities and diseases. Finally, it outlines methods for conducting counts to assess various contaminants during different crop stages.
Quality vegetable seedling production 31.5.2016
The document discusses quality seedling production techniques for vegetable crops. It covers topics such as the advantages of producing seedlings in trays compared to direct sowing, recommended structures and materials for protected nurseries, suitable growing media like cocopeat, methods for seedling cultivation, and cost estimates. Producing quality seedlings in commercial nurseries can help ensure uniform establishment of transplanted crops and reduce losses.
Organic Rice
Rice is our staple diet and in the south and east of India people eat rice thrice a day in various forms. Since the last two - three decades we have been mainly eating polished white rice from few high yielding varieties of paddy. This is reported to cause numerous health issues. Pesticide use in paddy is also quite high and around 17% of the pesticides used in the country goes into paddy. Residues of these pesticides found in our staple grain is a serious cause for concern. Since most of the paddy is cultivated in wetlands and irrigated areas, this practice also leads to contamination of our water resources and soil.
Organic rice cultivation uses organic inputs such as farm yard manure, vermin - compost, Beejamrut, dharava jeeva amuruth, agniyastharam etc. These natural inputs will maintain a balance in the soil eco - system by maintaining a constant level of microorganism’s loads in the soil. As the organic rice cultivation uses none of the chemical pesticides, we can also prevent the degradation of flora and fauna living above the soil. Beside it we can also maintain a good agro eco - system and biodiversity. The organic rice has less calorific value and high fiber value when compared to conventional rice so people who are suffering from diabetes can consume organic rice without any hesitation. The inputs used in the organic rice are easily prepare from the available farm resources so farmers can easily adopt the cultivation of organic rice. Even the yield of organic rice may be low when compare to conventional rice cultivation and the nutritive value of the organic rice is high. As the demand is increasing day by day for organic rice hence the farmers can go for cultivation organic rice insisted of conventional cultivation in order to get sustainable yield and to prevent from health hazards, protect biodiversity and maintain balanced eco system.
ITK ppt
This document discusses various aspects of indigenous technical knowledge (ITK) used in organic farming in India. It explains that ITK is traditional knowledge that has been passed down over generations and varies between communities. ITK practices can help organic farming by avoiding synthetic chemicals and maintaining soil health in a sustainable manner. Some specific ITK practices discussed include using fermented coconut milk or mixtures containing goat products as crop growth promoters, using mulches like tree leaves to conserve soil moisture, and using plants like tulsi or neem for pest and disease management. The document provides many examples of traditional practices for different stages of farming from pre-sowing to post-harvest management.
Multi tier cropping system
This document discusses multi-tier cropping systems for vegetable production in India. It provides examples of vegetable-based multi-tier systems including elephant foot yam grown with bitter gourd, ridge gourd, or bottle gourd. Data shows these intercropping systems can increase total yields and incomes compared to sole cropping. Multi-tier systems make better use of space, resources, and provide continuous income from multiple crops. While labor intensive, multi-tier cropping improves soil health and supports more sustainable agricultural production.
Intercultural operations in vegetable crops
This document provides an overview of 14 intercultural operations for vegetable crops: 1) transplanting and hardening off, 2) weeding, 3) thinning and gap filling, 4) irrigation, 5) staking, 6) manures and fertilizer application, 7) training and pruning, 8) mulching, 9) application of plant growth regulators, 10) insect pest and disease control, 11) earthing up, 12) dehaulming, 13) blanching, and 14) nipping. For each operation, common techniques are described, such as manual and chemical weeding methods, types of irrigation and fertilization, and controls for insects and diseases.
Crop Propuction Organic - npop indian organic standard
The National Programme for Organic Production (NPOP) was launched in 2000 in India to establish national standards for organic production. The 7th edition of NPOP from 2014 provides standards for organic crop production, wild plant collection, food processing, animal husbandry, and aquaculture. The standards address requirements for crop production plans, conversion periods, nutrient management, pest and disease control, contamination prevention, and collection of wild plants. Operators must meet the standards for at least 12 months before products can be labeled as organic.
protected cultivation of high value vegetables
The document discusses protected cultivation of vegetables and fruits at the Centre of Excellence for Vegetables in Karnal, Haryana. It provides information on organic farming techniques like vermicomposting and NADEP composting. It also describes the benefits of polyhouses and highlights different types like polytunnels, walk-in tunnels, and insect-proof polyhouses. Furthermore, it discusses high-tech greenhouse cultivation of vegetables like tomatoes. Seedlings are grown using a soil-less medium and common diseases like damping off are controlled through various treatments.
Integrated farming system IN rainfed ecosystem
This document discusses integrated farming systems (IFS) for rainfed ecosystems. It begins by defining farming systems and their components, which can include cropping, dairy, poultry, fisheries, and beekeeping. It then lists several issues facing agriculture like declining growth and productivity. The objectives of IFS are outlined as meeting household needs, conserving resources, and improving efficiency.
Common IFS components for rainfed areas are then described, including crop husbandry, dairy, poultry, duckery, horticulture, and goatery. Details are provided on suitable crops, breeds, housing requirements, feeding, and yields. The document concludes by stating that IFS can increase overall productivity and profitability
RAWE Report 2017
The document provides details about a Rural Agricultural Work Experience (RAWE) program conducted by the Institute of Agricultural Sciences. The 3-sentence summary is:
The RAWE program aims to provide practical agricultural experience to students through involvement in farm activities with local farmers, conducting surveys and farm planning, and extension education work in villages. Students are divided into groups and assigned villages to work in for a period of time. The program orientation provides training in participatory rural appraisal techniques to acquaint students with the socio-economic conditions of the villages.
Natural Farming- Zero Budget Natural Farming
This document provides information about natural farming and zero budget natural farming (ZBNF) in India. It discusses the principles and practices of natural farming according to major proponents like Masanobu Fukuoka, Subhash Palekar who developed ZBNF, and initiatives in Indian states to promote ZBNF. It summarizes the key drivers of ZBNF adoption, impact on yields, costs and incomes, and ongoing research efforts including ICAR's evaluation of ZBNF claims and potential large scale impacts on Indian agriculture.
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INITIATIVES TAKEN BY GOVERNMENT FOR PROMOTING ORGANIC FARMING
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Certification of Organic Products [compatibility mode]
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Crop Propuction Organic - npop indian organic standard
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IMPROVED VARIETIES OF POTATO IN INDIA
The document discusses the potato crop, including its botanical name, uses, nutritional value, varieties developed in India, and characteristics of important varieties. It notes that potato is the most important food crop worldwide and is cultivated in India for over 300 years. The Central Potato Research Institute has developed 47 varieties suited to different regions, including varieties resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses. Important varieties include Kufri Chandramukhi, Kufri Jyoti, Kufri Sindhuri, and Kufri Chipsona varieties suited for processing.
PRESENTATION ON Cole crops
- Cole crops like cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower originated in southern Europe and the Mediterranean region. They were first domesticated as annual, non-heading types.
- Important cole crops include cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, kale, brussel sprouts, and kohlrabi, which are varieties of Brassica oleracea.
- Cole crops are low in calories, fat and carbohydrates but high in vitamins, minerals and antioxidants. They have known anticancer properties.
some common weeds and their family in Chhatisgarh
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AREA -SPECIFIC CROPPING SYSTEMS OF CHHATISGARH ,INDIA IN RELATION TO FARMERS...
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SULPHUR ESTIMATION IN PLANT SAMPLE
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