Manifest Destiny
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Manifest Destiny was a term coined by American newspaper editor John L. O'Sullivan in 1845 to describe the idea that the United States was destined to expand across North America. The Louisiana Purchase of 1803 doubled the size of the U.S. and gave it important trade routes, representing the first major step of westward expansion. Manifest Destiny played a key role in boundary disputes with Britain over Oregon and the annexation of Texas, which led to the Mexican-American War after President Polk moved into a disputed area between Texas and Mexico. While expansion was seen as America's destiny by some, critics viewed it as an attempt to take land from other peoples through greed and desire for control.
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Similar to Manifest Destiny
Manifest Destiny
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My Westward expansion
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Ch 13 A House Divided
Manifest Destiny promoted American expansion across North America from the 1840s-1850s. It was the idea that the US was destined to expand from the Atlantic to the Pacific. This contributed to the annexation of Texas, Oregon Territory, and Mexican Cession after the Mexican-American War. Westward migration then increased, including the California Gold Rush. Tensions rose as new territories could become slave or free states. The Compromise of 1850 temporarily postponed the issue but the Kansas-Nebraska Act repealed the Missouri Compromise, further dividing the nation. The Republican Party emerged opposing the expansion of slavery. John Brown's raid and the Dred Scott decision heightened tensions until Lincoln's election in 1860 led the Deep South to
1. Westward ExpansionThe tensions over slavery factored into oth.docx
1. Westward Expansion
The tensions over slavery factored into other aspects of American politics and society, including westward expansion. Slavery was not the sole reason for American expansion. A common thread running through the country’s history has been its expansion westward. The War of 1812 resulted in Britain discontinuing its attempts to subsidize or support Native American tribes in the Ohio Valley or the Mississippi River Valley. This action helped secure the US’s ability to move westward, buying out or otherwise removing Native American tribes who inhabited the area. The removal did not go without controversy, as the several US wars with Native American tribes attest.
The United States’ geographic location was an immense help in its movement westwards. Flanked by oceans, the United States had little fear of external invasion (with the exception of Great Britain in the War of 1812). Nor did the early presidents favor intervention in foreign politics. The Monroe Doctrine (Links to an external site.) of 1823 established that the US would not interfere in European colonies currently in existence in the Americas, but would not tolerate further European intervention or interference in the western hemisphere. The Monroe Doctrine had little practical effect in deterring European behavior, but neither did foreign countries press the matter.
Peace with Britain was another advantage for the United States. The Treaty of Ghent opened the door for a US-British reconciliation of sorts: the US would no longer make moves to acquire British Canada, and Britain would not challenge US westward expansion in its commonly recognized borders. US-British relations were not perfect (particularly in the suppression of the international slave trade), but a series of treaties demonstrated US-British cooperation. The Rush-Bagot Treaty (Links to an external site.) of 1818 demilitarized the Great Lakes, established the current US-Canadian border west of the Great Lakes, and provided for joint occupation and government of disputed areas in the Oregon Territory. The Webster-Ashburton Treaty (Links to an external site.) of 1842 settled the Maine-New Brunswick boundary.
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To the south, the Transcontinental Treaty (Links to an external site.) of 1819 (also known as the Adams-Onis Treaty) established a firm US-Mexican boundary—first with Spain, then with the independent Mexico. Ironically, it was the migration of American citizens out of the United States that set the stage for the most contentious stage of American expansion.
Following Mexico’s independence, Texas became part of the Mexican state of Coahuila y Tejas (the local name for the region). This area was in the far north of Mexico, and was sparsely inhabited. As part of a program to colonize the area, in the 1820s Mexico encouraged Americans settlers to migrate. Influential Americans like Stephen Austin (Links to an external site.) received large land.
Westward expansion(1)
Westward expansion in the United States between 1790-1850 was driven by the availability of fertile land in Oregon, the suitability of Texas for ranching and cotton farming, and the belief in Manifest Destiny. This led to key events like the annexation of Texas, the Oregon Treaty dividing Oregon with Britain, gains from the Mexican-American War, and the Gadsden Purchase. Gold discoveries in California also stimulated westward migration.
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Timeline of The 1800s
The document provides a timeline of key events in the 1800s including the War of 1812, the Adams-Onis Treaty which established borders between the US and Spain, the Monroe Doctrine which opposed European colonization in the Americas, the Trail of Tears forced relocation of Cherokee people, the annexation of Texas and Oregon, the Mexican-American War which resulted in territorial acquisitions, the California Gold Rush, and the Gadsden Purchase of land from Mexico. It describes the main people and outcomes of these historical events.
Ch 13THE IMPENDING CRISIS· LOOKING WESTWARD· EXPANSION AND W
Ch 13
THE IMPENDING CRISIS
· LOOKING WESTWARD
· EXPANSION AND WAR
· THE SECTIONAL DEBATE
· THE CRISES OF THE 1850s
LOOKING AHEAD
1. How did the annexation of western territories intensify the conflict over slavery and lead to deeper divisions between the North and the South?
2. What compromises attempted to resolve the conflicts over the expansion of slavery into new territories? To what degree were these compromises successful? Why did they eventually fail to resolve the differences between the North and the South?
3. What were the major arguments for and against slavery and its expansion into new territories?
UNTIL THE 1840s, POLITICAL TENSIONS between the North and the South remained relatively contained and, other than African American writers and clerics, few predicted that sectional tensions could ever lead the country into a civil war.
But midcentury brought a rash of explosive issues that politicians struggled—and ultimately failed—to resolve peacefully. In the North the abolitionist movement picked up steam and inspired legions of supporters, the most aggressive of whom sought to fight slavery with the sword as well as the pen. The South birthed a generation of militant pro-slavery spokesmen who brooked no compromise over a state’s right to embrace slavery and the society based on it. From the West emerged raging controversies over the political fate of the territories and whether they would enter the Union as either slave or free states. Partisans recruited sympathizers from across the nation and even took up arms to win their point.LOOKING WESTWARD
More than a million square miles of new territory came under the control of the United States during the 1840s. By the end of the decade, the nation possessed all the territory of the present-day United States except Alaska, Hawaii, and a few relatively small areas acquired later through border adjustments. Many factors accounted for this great new wave of expansion, but one of the most important was an ideology known as Manifest Destiny.
Manifest Destiny
Manifest Destiny reflected both the growing pride that characterized American nationalism in the mid-nineteenth century and the idealistic vision of social perfection that fueled so much of the reform energy of the time. It rested on the idea that America was destined—by God and by history—to expand its boundaries over a vast area.
By the 1840s, publicized by the rise of inexpensive newspapers dubbed “penny press,” the idea of Manifest Destiny had spread throughout the nation. Some advocates of Manifest Destiny envisioned a vast new “empire of liberty” that would include Canada, Mexico, Caribbean and Pacific islands, and ultimately (for the most ardent believers) much of the rest of the world. Countering such bombast were politicians such as Henry Clay and others, who warned that territorial expansion would reopen the painful controversy over slavery. Their voices, however, could not compete with the enthusiasm over expansion in the 18 ...
Manifest destiny matt
The document summarizes key events related to Manifest Destiny and the Mexican-American War, including:
1) John O'Sullivan's coining of the term "Manifest Destiny" to justify American expansionism.
2) The Missouri Compromise which tried to balance slave and free states.
3) Polk sending troops to the Rio Grande and war beginning after clashes between American and Mexican troops.
4) The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ending the war and the U.S. acquiring new territory including California and New Mexico.
Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson was a leader of the American Revolution and the third President of the United States. He authored the Declaration of Independence and served as governor of Virginia. As president, Jefferson expanded U.S. territory through the Louisiana Purchase and advanced Enlightenment ideals of science and political philosophy.
Westward Expansion Review
The document provides a review of key people, events, and concepts related to Westward Expansion in the United States between the 1840s-1850s, including:
- Three countries that owned California: Spain, Mexico, and the United States.
- Manifest Destiny, the belief that the US was destined to expand across North America, was used to justify the Mexican War and Indian Removal.
- The Mexican War occurred under President James K. Polk and resulted in the US acquiring California, New Mexico, and Arizona after the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.
- Westward expansion led to the Oregon Trail, Mormon migration, conflicts with Native Americans, the Texas Revolution, and the
Manifest Destiny
The document discusses the concept of Manifest Destiny and America's westward expansion between 1810-1860. Key events included the increase of nationalism, further western settlement, the Oregon dispute resolved in 1846, the Mexican War adding new territories to the US from 1846-1848, and the California Gold Rush beginning in 1849 which drew thousands of prospectors west. Overall this period saw the partial realization of Manifest Destiny and American control extending across the North American continent, though it also exacerbated tensions around the issue of slavery in the new territories.
Manifest destiny
This document provides information on key trends and events in America between 1810-1860, including the rise of new intellectual and religious movements, social reforms, and the beginnings of the Industrial Revolution. It discusses the concept of "Manifest Destiny" and expansionist attitudes during this period. Specific events covered include the Oregon Dispute, the Mexican-American War, the California Gold Rush, and the growth of the nation's territory through acquisition and settlement. Political developments such as the emergence of the second party system and the Free Soil Party are also summarized.
33 The Watershed Year of 1848
Covers significant events that took place in the year 1848, including the end of the Mexican-American War with the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, the rises to fame of Frederick Douglass and Henry David Thoreau, the Seneca Falls Convention, and the beginning of the California gold rush.
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Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
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