Dr. Yoshio Manaka developed novel methodologies for exploring acupuncture based on his clinical practice and research over decades. He tested various polarity agents on acupuncture points and channels to map their directional properties and relationships. This led Manaka to propose (1) the meridian system is part of a basic bio-information network regulating physiology, (2) specific point classes have distinctive properties when tested with polarity agents, and (3) delicate acupuncture treatment can regulate the channels and body systems. However, his studies relied on unvalidated measurement methods and lacked strict controls. Nonetheless, Manaka paved the way for further experimental research integrating Eastern and Western approaches.

1. Dr Yoshio Manaka’s Methodologies – a brief exploration By Stephen Birch

2. Yoshio Manaka : 1911-1989 Doctor, surgeon, scientist, acupuncturist, herbalist, artist, poet, writer, sculptor, inventor, man of letters

18. YIN-YANG AND THE 3 DIMENSIONAL POLES

19. Yin-Yang Balancing – the Fulcra and Dividing Lines

20. Octahedron & yin-yang dividing lines

34. Zhuangzi Dreaming he was a butterfly

35. Questions? What to practice? How to Practice?