The PPT is regarding various aspect of Financial Management in schools in India. Presented by CA (Dr.) Sunny Kapoor, Director, Malviya Convent School, Malviya Nagar, Jaipur
Educational Planning and its importance
Factors to consider when planning for a school
How to plan for a school if you are the manager
Effective Educational Planning tips for school managers
The PPT is regarding various aspect of Financial Management in schools in India. Presented by CA (Dr.) Sunny Kapoor, Director, Malviya Convent School, Malviya Nagar, Jaipur
Educational Planning and its importance
Factors to consider when planning for a school
How to plan for a school if you are the manager
Effective Educational Planning tips for school managers
RESA SAFRIDA (143111139/5E/PAI)
Tugas Manajemen Pembiayaan Pendidikan
Dosen Pengampu Yayan Andrian
PROSEDUR PERENCANAAN, PENGELOLAAN, DAN PENGAWASAN ANGGARAN DI LPI
Education“CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT PRACTICES”
LESSON ASSESSMENT PROFORMA
Teacher’s Name Class Subject
Topic
Date Assessed
Assessed By
Aspect 5 4 3 2 1 Score Remarks
LESSON PLAN
An excellent plan covering all aspects well A good plan covering most aspects An adequately workable plan A sketchy plan lacking details A plan lacking certain essential aspects
PREPARATION
Excellent Good Adequate Scanty Inadequate
INTRODUCTION
Relevant and imaginative Apt, to the point and interesting Appropriate Introduction Insufficiently purposeful Uninteresting and unimaginative
STATEMENT OF
AIM Clear and precise Correct and to the point Appropriate Imprecise and unclear Incomplete and vague
EXPLANATIONS
Lucid and logical Clear and well reasoned Most of the points explained adequately Insufficient explanations Certain points not explained properly
QESTIONING
TECHNIUE Skilful and very effective Effective and purposeful Appropriate and sufficient questioning Insufficient questioning Very little and ineffective questioning
PACE
Well-measured and precisely adjusted Well-adjusted Appropriate Needs to be a bit Faster/slower Too fast/too slow
FLOW AND
CONTINUITY Articulate and effortlessly fluent Fluent Sufficiently fluent Somewhat lacking fluency Lacked fluency/hesitant/faltering/awkward pauses
EMPHASIS ON
MAIN POINTS Very well emphasized Properly emphasized Adequately highlighted Insufficient emphasis on main points Lack of emphasis on main points
CLASS
PARTICIPATION Excellent Good Adequate Insufficient Lack of interest for class participation
CONFIDENTIAL
Aspect 5 4 3 2 1 Score Remarks
TIME MANAGEMNET
Excellent time budgeting Good time management Appropriate utilization of time Finished lesson a bit early/could not finish in time Finished lesson too early/failed to cover a good part of the lesson
BOARD WORK Meticulous and skillful Neat and accurate Adequately neat and correct Lacking sufficient accuracy and neatness Wayward, illegible and muddled
USE OF TEACHING AIDS Imaginative and purposeful Effective and proper Appropriate Inadequate use of teaching aids Lacked proper and effective use
SPEECH AND LANGUAGE Eloquent, correct and
Impressive Effective, clear and accurate Adequately clear an effective Somewhat lacking in accuracy and clarity Needs to improve clarity/accuracy
CONFIDENCE
Composed, confident and self-assured Confident Sufficiently confident Somewhat unsure and faltering Lacking sufficient confidence
CLASS MANAGEMENT Skillful control of class Good class control Proper class control Needs improvement Lacking proper class control
RECAPITULATION
Skillful review and summing up Effective recap and summarization Appropriate review and summarization Lengthy/Hurried review and summing up Too long/too short
CONSOLIDATION
Comprehensive Effective Adequately purposeful Inadequate effective Short and ineffective
CONCLUSION Logical and relevant Approximately and relevant Proper Needs to be more coher
PHILOSOPHICAL SCHOOLS OF THOUGHT AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS
In Plato’s Republics and in his other writings we see a development of idealism. According to him, every object of our experience is nothing but shadow. That is saying that it is not in a pure state of reality. Whatever we perceive is merely a poor copy of the reality that exists in another world which he designates as the world of Forms or Ideas. Thus Plato’s Idealism talks of two worlds: the world of shadows and the world of Ideas. The latter is replete with absolute perfection, real, unchangeable, universal and eternal realities whereas the former is the world of imperfect copies of things residing in the real world of ideas. The implication is that every material thing must have its true copy in the world of ideas. Idealist would say that even the pen you are having now is only an imperfect copy or a shadow of the ideal pen in the world Ideas. Though there may ne various strands of idealism, the basic tenet is the emphasis that existence is explained in terms of the mind and its function.
Other Views on Idealism
Since Plato, there have been many understanding of idealism. Descartes is one such Idealist. He holds that the most important element in the nature of knowledge is mind or spirit. This idea is beautifully expressed in his popular philosophical dictum. Corgito ergo sum (I think, therefore I exist). This idealistic statement has so much implication for Descartes who doubted the reality of anything having material nature and would only accept as reality the thought that he is thinking. Bishop George Berkeley also advanced the school of idealism in modern times by his easiest percipi (to be is to be perceived) . What is real is that which can be perceived, what cannot be perceived is unreal.
To put it more correctly again, the central thesis of idealism is that true knowledge can be derived from reason alone since it is only the faculty of reason that can grasp or extract from material things their spiritual forms or essences. The faculty of the senses provides the mind with imperfect, unstable and changing knowledge of physical objects.
Educational Implication of Idealism
1. For Plato, Education simply means stimulation of the mind to recall that which it already knows before its being in the world. He taught that the soul I born with innate knowledge which it lost with contact with the material world (human body). Thus the concept of school and education is to create an enabling environment where students are encouraged to recall and embrace the concept of the Good and the universal truth that already exist in their soul which has been forgotten. An idealistic educational system would concern itself with ideas of things. The goal of education should be connected with the lifetime work of searching for true ideas. It should be to cultivate the human mind.
2. Idealism prefers the world of the spiritual to the world of material things. Thus, in education, e
Educational administration encompasses the management and leadership of educational institutions, ensuring their effective operation and continuous improvement. At its core, educational administration focuses on creating environments conducive to student learning, growth, and development. Educational administrators, such as principals, superintendents, and deans, play crucial roles in setting educational goals, implementing policies, allocating resources, and evaluating outcomes. They coordinate curriculum development, student services, teacher professional development, and school-community partnerships to foster a supportive and enriching learning environment. Effective educational administration involves strategic planning, decision-making, and problem-solving to address diverse challenges ranging from budget constraints to student achievement gaps. Moreover, educational administrators must cultivate positive relationships with stakeholders, including teachers, parents, students, and community members, to promote collaboration and achieve shared educational goals. Overall, educational administration is instrumental in shaping the direction and success of educational institutions, ensuring that they fulfill their mission of providing quality education and preparing students for future success.
Objectives:
After The Successful Completion Of This Course The Students Would Be Able To:
Understand And Differentiate The Terms Administration, Supervision, Organization And Management.
Apply Different Tools And Techniques Of Administering And Supervising
Understand And Perform Various Functions Of Management
Review And Evaluate The Specific Organizational Conditions
Characterize And Exercise Effective Leadership Traits And Behaviors
Perform Effectively And Efficiently As A Head Teacher Or Headmaster/ Headmistress
Understand And Analyze The Behavior Of Employees In The Light Of Various Theoretical Perspectives Of Education Administration
Manage The Human And Material Resources Of An Organization Efficiently & Effectively
Unit1: introduction to educational management
Definition and Concept of management
Educational management
Scope of educational management
Unit 2: Process of Educational Management
Planning
Organizing
Leading
Communicating
Controlling
Budgeting
Unit 3: Educational Administration
Nature and definition
Principles of educational administration
Features of an effective administration
Unit 4: Educational Supervision
Concept and definition of educational supervision
Need, importance and aims of supervision
Types of supervision
Techniques of supervision
Factors affecting educational supervision
Unit 5: Decision Making
Meaning& importance
The decision making process
Types of decisions and decision-making problems
Programmed and non-programmed decisions; group and individual decisions
Unit 6: School Discipline
Definition, purpose and types of school discipline
Three stages of discipline
Factors affecting school discipline
Unit 7: Rules and Regulations
Rules regarding appointment, leaves, pay and allowances.
Efficiency & Discipline rules
Terms of reference of various personals in the school
Code of ethics
Unit 8: Key Issues in Educational Management
Pre-service and in-service training
Punishment and reward system
Management of school library
Efficiency and effectiveness
Productivity vs human relations
Training vs development
Unit 9: Records in Educational Institutions
Attendance register
Leave register
Stock register
Cash register (fee, different kind of funds)
Personal files of teachers and other staff
Other academic record (students result, staff meetings etc.)
Recommended Books:
Bell, L. and Bush, T. (2002). The principals and practices of educational management. London: Paul Chapman Publishing.
Griffin, R..W. (1997). Management. New Delhi: AITBS Publishers.
Hoy, W. K., & Miskel, C.G. (1998). Educational administration: Theory, research and practice. New York: McGraw-HILL.
Robbins, S. P. (1997). The administrative process. Sandiego: SanDiego State University.
Sidhu, S.K. (2001). School organization and administration. New Delhi: Sterling Publishers
Utilization of Maintenance and other Operating Expenses (MOOE) of Non-Fiscall...IJAEMSJORNAL
This study determined the utilization, budget allocation, and challenges encountered by the School Heads in the use of Maintenance and Other Operating Expenses (MOOE) funds in achieving the Annual Improvement Plan (AIP) in non-fiscally autonomous Senior High Schools the Division of Nueva Ecija. The 20 school heads were purposively selected as respondents of the study. The results revealed that the majority of non-fiscally autonomous senior high schools have MOOE ranges from Php250,000-Php 900,000 ($5,000 - $18,000) and with a population of 130 to 750 students. The MOOE budget for every year depends upon the number of enrollees. School heads have utilized 51% to 75% of MOOE funds for each activity/program indicated in AIP. The majority of them were given priority on security and utility services and challenged on the complaints and misconceptions about spending and allocating of MOOE expenses. Transparency, accountability, and maintaining harmonious relationships are the keys to ensure collaboration and teamwork for the betterment of school and learners as well.
This study aimed to explore the survival of school financing management
during the COVID-19 pandemic, to assure the quality of teaching and
learning continuously. This study used a qualitative design, and data
collection is carried out by observing resource persons and in-depth
interviews, analysis or analysis of documentation and a combination of the
three as triangulation method. The collected data were analyzed using an
interactive model. The results showed that financial management strategies
in managing school finances effectively and efficiently, through
transparency, accountability and responsibility, are considered to have
contributed to the prospects, quality, progress and sustainability of education
in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. This is based on the fact that many
quality and good schools eventually experience setbacks due to the lack of
transparency, accountability and responsibility in the management of
education funds. Openness in schools can promote accountability and fight
corruption in education, if it is implemented effectively and any malpractice
is dealt with clear consequences. The implication is the strategies of
education financing management in terms of transparency, accountability and
accountability need to be carry out consistently to ensure the improvement of
school quality runs in a sustainable manner.
Budgetary Control And Financial Performance In Public Institutions Of Higher ...inventionjournals
The objective of the study is to establish effect of budgetary control on financial performance of public institutions of higher learning. This study was conducted in institutions of higher learning in Vihiga, Kakamega, Bungoma, and Busia Counties. Finance Officers, Accountants, Bursars and principals were the respondents. Descriptive survey design was used in the study. The target population was 109. The questionnaire return rate was 91.7 %.Data was analyzed and presented using regression analysis. The study attained a Cronbach’s Alpha of coefficient was 0.863 for all items, which was way above the recommended 0.7 in social sciences. the study established that budgetary control had a statistically significant effect on financial performance in public institutions of higher learning. This study will be significant to public institutions of higher learning in providing a basis for policy, and in showing direction for management of these institutions, management in providing explanation to the government for the current financial scenario, researchers and academicians. Public institutions of higher learning management may use the findings of the study in designing proper budgetary policies and examining the financial performance. Academicians will also find the study useful in adding to the existing literature on budgetary control and financial performance.
RESA SAFRIDA (143111139/5E/PAI)
Tugas Manajemen Pembiayaan Pendidikan
Dosen Pengampu Yayan Andrian
PROSEDUR PERENCANAAN, PENGELOLAAN, DAN PENGAWASAN ANGGARAN DI LPI
Education“CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT PRACTICES”
LESSON ASSESSMENT PROFORMA
Teacher’s Name Class Subject
Topic
Date Assessed
Assessed By
Aspect 5 4 3 2 1 Score Remarks
LESSON PLAN
An excellent plan covering all aspects well A good plan covering most aspects An adequately workable plan A sketchy plan lacking details A plan lacking certain essential aspects
PREPARATION
Excellent Good Adequate Scanty Inadequate
INTRODUCTION
Relevant and imaginative Apt, to the point and interesting Appropriate Introduction Insufficiently purposeful Uninteresting and unimaginative
STATEMENT OF
AIM Clear and precise Correct and to the point Appropriate Imprecise and unclear Incomplete and vague
EXPLANATIONS
Lucid and logical Clear and well reasoned Most of the points explained adequately Insufficient explanations Certain points not explained properly
QESTIONING
TECHNIUE Skilful and very effective Effective and purposeful Appropriate and sufficient questioning Insufficient questioning Very little and ineffective questioning
PACE
Well-measured and precisely adjusted Well-adjusted Appropriate Needs to be a bit Faster/slower Too fast/too slow
FLOW AND
CONTINUITY Articulate and effortlessly fluent Fluent Sufficiently fluent Somewhat lacking fluency Lacked fluency/hesitant/faltering/awkward pauses
EMPHASIS ON
MAIN POINTS Very well emphasized Properly emphasized Adequately highlighted Insufficient emphasis on main points Lack of emphasis on main points
CLASS
PARTICIPATION Excellent Good Adequate Insufficient Lack of interest for class participation
CONFIDENTIAL
Aspect 5 4 3 2 1 Score Remarks
TIME MANAGEMNET
Excellent time budgeting Good time management Appropriate utilization of time Finished lesson a bit early/could not finish in time Finished lesson too early/failed to cover a good part of the lesson
BOARD WORK Meticulous and skillful Neat and accurate Adequately neat and correct Lacking sufficient accuracy and neatness Wayward, illegible and muddled
USE OF TEACHING AIDS Imaginative and purposeful Effective and proper Appropriate Inadequate use of teaching aids Lacked proper and effective use
SPEECH AND LANGUAGE Eloquent, correct and
Impressive Effective, clear and accurate Adequately clear an effective Somewhat lacking in accuracy and clarity Needs to improve clarity/accuracy
CONFIDENCE
Composed, confident and self-assured Confident Sufficiently confident Somewhat unsure and faltering Lacking sufficient confidence
CLASS MANAGEMENT Skillful control of class Good class control Proper class control Needs improvement Lacking proper class control
RECAPITULATION
Skillful review and summing up Effective recap and summarization Appropriate review and summarization Lengthy/Hurried review and summing up Too long/too short
CONSOLIDATION
Comprehensive Effective Adequately purposeful Inadequate effective Short and ineffective
CONCLUSION Logical and relevant Approximately and relevant Proper Needs to be more coher
PHILOSOPHICAL SCHOOLS OF THOUGHT AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS
In Plato’s Republics and in his other writings we see a development of idealism. According to him, every object of our experience is nothing but shadow. That is saying that it is not in a pure state of reality. Whatever we perceive is merely a poor copy of the reality that exists in another world which he designates as the world of Forms or Ideas. Thus Plato’s Idealism talks of two worlds: the world of shadows and the world of Ideas. The latter is replete with absolute perfection, real, unchangeable, universal and eternal realities whereas the former is the world of imperfect copies of things residing in the real world of ideas. The implication is that every material thing must have its true copy in the world of ideas. Idealist would say that even the pen you are having now is only an imperfect copy or a shadow of the ideal pen in the world Ideas. Though there may ne various strands of idealism, the basic tenet is the emphasis that existence is explained in terms of the mind and its function.
Other Views on Idealism
Since Plato, there have been many understanding of idealism. Descartes is one such Idealist. He holds that the most important element in the nature of knowledge is mind or spirit. This idea is beautifully expressed in his popular philosophical dictum. Corgito ergo sum (I think, therefore I exist). This idealistic statement has so much implication for Descartes who doubted the reality of anything having material nature and would only accept as reality the thought that he is thinking. Bishop George Berkeley also advanced the school of idealism in modern times by his easiest percipi (to be is to be perceived) . What is real is that which can be perceived, what cannot be perceived is unreal.
To put it more correctly again, the central thesis of idealism is that true knowledge can be derived from reason alone since it is only the faculty of reason that can grasp or extract from material things their spiritual forms or essences. The faculty of the senses provides the mind with imperfect, unstable and changing knowledge of physical objects.
Educational Implication of Idealism
1. For Plato, Education simply means stimulation of the mind to recall that which it already knows before its being in the world. He taught that the soul I born with innate knowledge which it lost with contact with the material world (human body). Thus the concept of school and education is to create an enabling environment where students are encouraged to recall and embrace the concept of the Good and the universal truth that already exist in their soul which has been forgotten. An idealistic educational system would concern itself with ideas of things. The goal of education should be connected with the lifetime work of searching for true ideas. It should be to cultivate the human mind.
2. Idealism prefers the world of the spiritual to the world of material things. Thus, in education, e
Educational administration encompasses the management and leadership of educational institutions, ensuring their effective operation and continuous improvement. At its core, educational administration focuses on creating environments conducive to student learning, growth, and development. Educational administrators, such as principals, superintendents, and deans, play crucial roles in setting educational goals, implementing policies, allocating resources, and evaluating outcomes. They coordinate curriculum development, student services, teacher professional development, and school-community partnerships to foster a supportive and enriching learning environment. Effective educational administration involves strategic planning, decision-making, and problem-solving to address diverse challenges ranging from budget constraints to student achievement gaps. Moreover, educational administrators must cultivate positive relationships with stakeholders, including teachers, parents, students, and community members, to promote collaboration and achieve shared educational goals. Overall, educational administration is instrumental in shaping the direction and success of educational institutions, ensuring that they fulfill their mission of providing quality education and preparing students for future success.
Objectives:
After The Successful Completion Of This Course The Students Would Be Able To:
Understand And Differentiate The Terms Administration, Supervision, Organization And Management.
Apply Different Tools And Techniques Of Administering And Supervising
Understand And Perform Various Functions Of Management
Review And Evaluate The Specific Organizational Conditions
Characterize And Exercise Effective Leadership Traits And Behaviors
Perform Effectively And Efficiently As A Head Teacher Or Headmaster/ Headmistress
Understand And Analyze The Behavior Of Employees In The Light Of Various Theoretical Perspectives Of Education Administration
Manage The Human And Material Resources Of An Organization Efficiently & Effectively
Unit1: introduction to educational management
Definition and Concept of management
Educational management
Scope of educational management
Unit 2: Process of Educational Management
Planning
Organizing
Leading
Communicating
Controlling
Budgeting
Unit 3: Educational Administration
Nature and definition
Principles of educational administration
Features of an effective administration
Unit 4: Educational Supervision
Concept and definition of educational supervision
Need, importance and aims of supervision
Types of supervision
Techniques of supervision
Factors affecting educational supervision
Unit 5: Decision Making
Meaning& importance
The decision making process
Types of decisions and decision-making problems
Programmed and non-programmed decisions; group and individual decisions
Unit 6: School Discipline
Definition, purpose and types of school discipline
Three stages of discipline
Factors affecting school discipline
Unit 7: Rules and Regulations
Rules regarding appointment, leaves, pay and allowances.
Efficiency & Discipline rules
Terms of reference of various personals in the school
Code of ethics
Unit 8: Key Issues in Educational Management
Pre-service and in-service training
Punishment and reward system
Management of school library
Efficiency and effectiveness
Productivity vs human relations
Training vs development
Unit 9: Records in Educational Institutions
Attendance register
Leave register
Stock register
Cash register (fee, different kind of funds)
Personal files of teachers and other staff
Other academic record (students result, staff meetings etc.)
Recommended Books:
Bell, L. and Bush, T. (2002). The principals and practices of educational management. London: Paul Chapman Publishing.
Griffin, R..W. (1997). Management. New Delhi: AITBS Publishers.
Hoy, W. K., & Miskel, C.G. (1998). Educational administration: Theory, research and practice. New York: McGraw-HILL.
Robbins, S. P. (1997). The administrative process. Sandiego: SanDiego State University.
Sidhu, S.K. (2001). School organization and administration. New Delhi: Sterling Publishers
Utilization of Maintenance and other Operating Expenses (MOOE) of Non-Fiscall...IJAEMSJORNAL
This study determined the utilization, budget allocation, and challenges encountered by the School Heads in the use of Maintenance and Other Operating Expenses (MOOE) funds in achieving the Annual Improvement Plan (AIP) in non-fiscally autonomous Senior High Schools the Division of Nueva Ecija. The 20 school heads were purposively selected as respondents of the study. The results revealed that the majority of non-fiscally autonomous senior high schools have MOOE ranges from Php250,000-Php 900,000 ($5,000 - $18,000) and with a population of 130 to 750 students. The MOOE budget for every year depends upon the number of enrollees. School heads have utilized 51% to 75% of MOOE funds for each activity/program indicated in AIP. The majority of them were given priority on security and utility services and challenged on the complaints and misconceptions about spending and allocating of MOOE expenses. Transparency, accountability, and maintaining harmonious relationships are the keys to ensure collaboration and teamwork for the betterment of school and learners as well.
This study aimed to explore the survival of school financing management
during the COVID-19 pandemic, to assure the quality of teaching and
learning continuously. This study used a qualitative design, and data
collection is carried out by observing resource persons and in-depth
interviews, analysis or analysis of documentation and a combination of the
three as triangulation method. The collected data were analyzed using an
interactive model. The results showed that financial management strategies
in managing school finances effectively and efficiently, through
transparency, accountability and responsibility, are considered to have
contributed to the prospects, quality, progress and sustainability of education
in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. This is based on the fact that many
quality and good schools eventually experience setbacks due to the lack of
transparency, accountability and responsibility in the management of
education funds. Openness in schools can promote accountability and fight
corruption in education, if it is implemented effectively and any malpractice
is dealt with clear consequences. The implication is the strategies of
education financing management in terms of transparency, accountability and
accountability need to be carry out consistently to ensure the improvement of
school quality runs in a sustainable manner.
Budgetary Control And Financial Performance In Public Institutions Of Higher ...inventionjournals
The objective of the study is to establish effect of budgetary control on financial performance of public institutions of higher learning. This study was conducted in institutions of higher learning in Vihiga, Kakamega, Bungoma, and Busia Counties. Finance Officers, Accountants, Bursars and principals were the respondents. Descriptive survey design was used in the study. The target population was 109. The questionnaire return rate was 91.7 %.Data was analyzed and presented using regression analysis. The study attained a Cronbach’s Alpha of coefficient was 0.863 for all items, which was way above the recommended 0.7 in social sciences. the study established that budgetary control had a statistically significant effect on financial performance in public institutions of higher learning. This study will be significant to public institutions of higher learning in providing a basis for policy, and in showing direction for management of these institutions, management in providing explanation to the government for the current financial scenario, researchers and academicians. Public institutions of higher learning management may use the findings of the study in designing proper budgetary policies and examining the financial performance. Academicians will also find the study useful in adding to the existing literature on budgetary control and financial performance.
Financial Management is seeing to it that schools have the funds it requires to meet its goals in its quest to becoming a sustainable and viable institution and that value for money is gained for such funds expended.
This paper addresses the assessment questions of the Understanding systems module of BSc. Computing (Information Management) of Anglia Ruskin University
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
2. Financial management in education relate to
abroad set of management tasks concerned
with planning and controlling what the
institution does. It is concerned the
acquisition and allocation of financial and
real resources and with using budget to plan
and control the deployment of real resources
(Levacic, 1989)
management activity which is concerned
with the planning and controlling
(Pandey, 1995)
3. The central purpose of financial management
in educational institutions is the raising of
funds and ensuring that the funds so
mobilized are utilized in the most effective
and efficient manner. This is based on the
fact that resources are scarce and so heads
of educational institutions should ensure
optimal utilization of funds
4. A second purpose of financial management in
educational institutions is to assist
educational managers and administrators to
keep a record of their stewardship in
financial matters for the benefit of the
government, the proprietors or the governing
council of the institution. It is, also, the
supervision of cash receipts and payments
and safe guarding of cash balance
(Ajadi T. O, no date)
5. The procurement and raising of funds.
The allocation o f financial resources to
different educational institutions.
The effective utilization of funds.
Supervision of cash receipts and payments.
Safeguarding of cash balance.
