Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a growing global health concern that disproportionately affects minority populations like African Americans. The literature review examined 15 research articles on managing hypertension in these high-risk groups. Key findings included: (1) multiple-drug regimens are often needed to control blood pressure; (2) lifestyle modifications can help reduce cardiovascular events; and (3) improving patient education and adherence through culturally-appropriate strategies may enhance health outcomes. Overall, the studies emphasized the importance of early detection, treatment, and prevention to reduce hypertension's harmful effects.
Running Head QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH SUMMARY1QUANTITATIVE RESE.docxtodd581
Running Head: QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH SUMMARY 1
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH SUMMARY 10
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH SUMMARY
Student’s Name: Letzy Reyes
Institution: Grand Cayon University
Date: 06/10/2018
Nursing Practice Problem
P-(Problem) – elderly patients aged above 50 years admitted in hospital and having shown blood pressure disease signs. Patients not included in the research were pregnant women.
I-(Intervention) – the patients who are subject in this research will be subjected to therapeutic routine concerning hypertension. The blood pressure of all the patients was tested after administering hypertension medicine to the subjects. The resultant changes were recorded every day to determine the reaction and thus the group will make a conclusion.
C-(Comparison) – institutionalized quality methods will be regulated for hypertension and subjected to the group. The comparison between the groups will be done towards the end of the month in the group.
O-(Outcome) - there will be good relation between the hypertension medication and blood pressure.
T-(Time) – for the next one month the blood pressure will be monitored closely.
The nursing practice portion should be in paragraph form.
PICOT Statement
Elderly patients under hypertension medication together with pharmacological interventions can be maintained in hospitals to improve their blood pressure and with understanding the background and culture of the patients will be of great help in dealing with hypertension. Comment by Doreen Farley: Letzy, I know that this is not the PICOT question that we decided on. What happened to the PICOT?
In patients with hypertension, does the use of meditation along with pharmacological interventions compared to medications alone improve blood pressure? This was the PICOT from out last discussion on 6-1-18
This paper is supposed to be double space only. I am not sure why there is so much space in between concepts.
Introduction
Background of the study
The purpose of the study was to evaluate analyze how patients using hypertension medication along with pharmacological interventions compared to medications alone improve blood pressure. The bottom line of the study was to evaluate how different opinions on hypertension and the treatment of the disease and how such opinions differ from one place to another especially due to the difference in culture or ethnicity of these groups. In addition, the study will be evaluated on what the proposed interventions would do to improve the adherence to these groups. Comment by Doreen Farley: The study evaluated…
The proposed interventions from the research on the two articles will be of importance to the nursing field. There is the need for the nurses to connect, care and convey treatment for various groups of patients in our diverse community. These include taking treatment to patients from different ethnic and racial groups. When it comes to hypertension, nurses have been faced with challenges .
RunningHead: PICOT Question 1
RunningHead: PICOT Question 7
PICOT Question
Avery Bryan
NRS-433V
Professor Christine Vannelli
May 19, 2019
Clinical Problem
A report from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention in 2015 revealed that (9.4%) 30.3 million Americans are diabetic and 84.1 million have prediabetes. This is a total population of over 100 million is at risk of developing type 2 diabetes which is a growing health problem being the seventh leading cause of death in the U.S. An estimated 1.5 million new cases were among 18-year old bracket and the rates of diagnosed diabetes increased proportionally to age. Below 44 years accounted for 4%, below 64 years at 17 % and 25% for those above 65 years across both genders. One-third of adults in America has prediabetes but sadly, they are unaware despite reports released by The National Diabetes Statistics Report every year. These reports elaborate on prevalence and incidence, prediabetes, long-term complications, risk factors, mortality, and cost. Diabetes poses the risk of serious complications like death, blindness, stroke, kidney disorders, cardiac diseases and health problems that lead to amputation of legs. However, the risks can be mitigated through physical body activities, proper dieting and prescribed use of insulin and other related measures to control the blood sugar levels. Diabetes Prevention Program was funded by NIH to research a yearly evidence-based program to improve healthy weight loss through diet and physical activities. There also efforts to determine the effectiveness of public service campaigns in improving the real-life experience in the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes.
PICOT Question.
The population affected by diabetes cuts across all ages, gender, race, and ethnicity. The prevalence is significantly high from 18 years and it increases with age to about 25% above 65 years. In terms of gender, men are at higher risk accounting for 37% while women are at 30% across races and educational levels. On races, the rates were higher among Indians/Alaska natives at 15%, non-Hispanic blacks at 12.7% and Hispanics at 12%. Among Asians, the rates were lower at 8% and 7.4% for non-Hispanic whites.
Intervention indicator for diabetes shows that individuals who do not observe a healthy diet are more exposed to the disease. Some risk behaviors include lack of exercise and excessive intake of junk foods that lead to obesity and increased blood sugar levels. Diabetes prevalence varied according to education levels were those with less than high school education at 12.6% and 7.2% for those higher than high school education.
Comparison and use of a control group from the popularity of Complementary and Alternative Medicine and Traditional Chinese Medicine showed distinct knowledge of diabetes, blood sugar control, and self-care. The experimental group received education through interactive multimedia for three months while the control group received.
Running Head QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH SUMMARY1QUANTITATIVE RESE.docxtodd581
Running Head: QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH SUMMARY 1
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH SUMMARY 10
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH SUMMARY
Student’s Name: Letzy Reyes
Institution: Grand Cayon University
Date: 06/10/2018
Nursing Practice Problem
P-(Problem) – elderly patients aged above 50 years admitted in hospital and having shown blood pressure disease signs. Patients not included in the research were pregnant women.
I-(Intervention) – the patients who are subject in this research will be subjected to therapeutic routine concerning hypertension. The blood pressure of all the patients was tested after administering hypertension medicine to the subjects. The resultant changes were recorded every day to determine the reaction and thus the group will make a conclusion.
C-(Comparison) – institutionalized quality methods will be regulated for hypertension and subjected to the group. The comparison between the groups will be done towards the end of the month in the group.
O-(Outcome) - there will be good relation between the hypertension medication and blood pressure.
T-(Time) – for the next one month the blood pressure will be monitored closely.
The nursing practice portion should be in paragraph form.
PICOT Statement
Elderly patients under hypertension medication together with pharmacological interventions can be maintained in hospitals to improve their blood pressure and with understanding the background and culture of the patients will be of great help in dealing with hypertension. Comment by Doreen Farley: Letzy, I know that this is not the PICOT question that we decided on. What happened to the PICOT?
In patients with hypertension, does the use of meditation along with pharmacological interventions compared to medications alone improve blood pressure? This was the PICOT from out last discussion on 6-1-18
This paper is supposed to be double space only. I am not sure why there is so much space in between concepts.
Introduction
Background of the study
The purpose of the study was to evaluate analyze how patients using hypertension medication along with pharmacological interventions compared to medications alone improve blood pressure. The bottom line of the study was to evaluate how different opinions on hypertension and the treatment of the disease and how such opinions differ from one place to another especially due to the difference in culture or ethnicity of these groups. In addition, the study will be evaluated on what the proposed interventions would do to improve the adherence to these groups. Comment by Doreen Farley: The study evaluated…
The proposed interventions from the research on the two articles will be of importance to the nursing field. There is the need for the nurses to connect, care and convey treatment for various groups of patients in our diverse community. These include taking treatment to patients from different ethnic and racial groups. When it comes to hypertension, nurses have been faced with challenges .
RunningHead: PICOT Question 1
RunningHead: PICOT Question 7
PICOT Question
Avery Bryan
NRS-433V
Professor Christine Vannelli
May 19, 2019
Clinical Problem
A report from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention in 2015 revealed that (9.4%) 30.3 million Americans are diabetic and 84.1 million have prediabetes. This is a total population of over 100 million is at risk of developing type 2 diabetes which is a growing health problem being the seventh leading cause of death in the U.S. An estimated 1.5 million new cases were among 18-year old bracket and the rates of diagnosed diabetes increased proportionally to age. Below 44 years accounted for 4%, below 64 years at 17 % and 25% for those above 65 years across both genders. One-third of adults in America has prediabetes but sadly, they are unaware despite reports released by The National Diabetes Statistics Report every year. These reports elaborate on prevalence and incidence, prediabetes, long-term complications, risk factors, mortality, and cost. Diabetes poses the risk of serious complications like death, blindness, stroke, kidney disorders, cardiac diseases and health problems that lead to amputation of legs. However, the risks can be mitigated through physical body activities, proper dieting and prescribed use of insulin and other related measures to control the blood sugar levels. Diabetes Prevention Program was funded by NIH to research a yearly evidence-based program to improve healthy weight loss through diet and physical activities. There also efforts to determine the effectiveness of public service campaigns in improving the real-life experience in the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes.
PICOT Question.
The population affected by diabetes cuts across all ages, gender, race, and ethnicity. The prevalence is significantly high from 18 years and it increases with age to about 25% above 65 years. In terms of gender, men are at higher risk accounting for 37% while women are at 30% across races and educational levels. On races, the rates were higher among Indians/Alaska natives at 15%, non-Hispanic blacks at 12.7% and Hispanics at 12%. Among Asians, the rates were lower at 8% and 7.4% for non-Hispanic whites.
Intervention indicator for diabetes shows that individuals who do not observe a healthy diet are more exposed to the disease. Some risk behaviors include lack of exercise and excessive intake of junk foods that lead to obesity and increased blood sugar levels. Diabetes prevalence varied according to education levels were those with less than high school education at 12.6% and 7.2% for those higher than high school education.
Comparison and use of a control group from the popularity of Complementary and Alternative Medicine and Traditional Chinese Medicine showed distinct knowledge of diabetes, blood sugar control, and self-care. The experimental group received education through interactive multimedia for three months while the control group received.
The new guidelines for treatment of primary hypertension. JNC 8. Samir Rafla-JNC 8-2014 Evidence-Based Guideline for the Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults.
Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs), such as hypertension, excess weight, obesity, diabetes (type-2), and vascular diseases are considered lifestyle diseases. In the last three decades, these diseases have reached epidemic proportions worldwide [1]. According to the results of a recent study published in the journal Circulation, adopting five low-risk lifestyle factors may be linked to longer life spans in Americans [2]. Metabolic diseases, which are lifestyle diseases are preventable.
Predicting Trends in Preventive Care Service Utilization Impacting Cardiovasc...gpartha85
National reports point towards disparities in the utilization of preventive care services but sparse literature exists regarding predicting utilization pattern of preventive care services.
METHODS: The 2007 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), a national probability sample survey of the ambulatory civilian US population, was analyzed to determine demographic patterns of utilization. Recommendations by JNC-VII and NCEP were used to determine guideline adherence to blood pressure and cholesterol checkup respectively. Utilization of blood pressure screening and cholesterol checkup services were used as the dependent variable while age, gender, race, ethnicity, insurance status, perceived health status were used as independent variables. Since guidelines differ for people with elevated blood pressure, respondents with elevated blood pressure were identified in the MEPS database by self-reported diagnosis. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the population, chi-square analysis was used to determine the group differences for the categorical variables. Multivariate logistic regression model was built to predict odds of utilizing appropriate preventive se!
rvices. All analysis was carried out using SAS v9.1.
RESULTS: Total number of adult respondents was 20,434 of which data was available for blood pressure checkup for 20,187 respondents and 15,784 respondents for cholesterol checkup. Overall, respondents were found to adhere to guideline recommendations for getting the blood pressure (n=17,959, 89.0%) and cholesterol (n=14,956, 94.7%) check-up done. A univariate chi-square analysis showed statistically significant differences across all independent variables between people who utilized the preventive care service and those who didn t for blood pressure checkup (p<0><0>65) had much higher odds of using the blood pressure (OR=2.815, CI=2.317-3.420 ) and cholesterol (OR=3.190, CI=2.396-4.!
249 ) preventive services. Males had much lower odds of getting blood pressure (OR=0.350, CI=0.318-0.384) and cholesterol (OR=0.597, CI=0.516-0.692) checks done compared to females. Odds of utilization were nearly similar for all races. Uninsured had lower odds for blood pressure (OR=0.282, CI=0.253-0.315) and cholesterol (OR=0.314, CI=0.262-0.376) use compared to privately insured people.
CONCLUSIONS: Overall MEPS respondents adhered to blood pressure and cholesterol check up guidelines. The study was however successful in identifying existing age, race, income, insurance status related disparities in US population.
The new guidelines for treatment of primary hypertension. JNC 8. Samir Rafla-JNC 8-2014 Evidence-Based Guideline for the Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults.
Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs), such as hypertension, excess weight, obesity, diabetes (type-2), and vascular diseases are considered lifestyle diseases. In the last three decades, these diseases have reached epidemic proportions worldwide [1]. According to the results of a recent study published in the journal Circulation, adopting five low-risk lifestyle factors may be linked to longer life spans in Americans [2]. Metabolic diseases, which are lifestyle diseases are preventable.
Predicting Trends in Preventive Care Service Utilization Impacting Cardiovasc...gpartha85
National reports point towards disparities in the utilization of preventive care services but sparse literature exists regarding predicting utilization pattern of preventive care services.
METHODS: The 2007 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), a national probability sample survey of the ambulatory civilian US population, was analyzed to determine demographic patterns of utilization. Recommendations by JNC-VII and NCEP were used to determine guideline adherence to blood pressure and cholesterol checkup respectively. Utilization of blood pressure screening and cholesterol checkup services were used as the dependent variable while age, gender, race, ethnicity, insurance status, perceived health status were used as independent variables. Since guidelines differ for people with elevated blood pressure, respondents with elevated blood pressure were identified in the MEPS database by self-reported diagnosis. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the population, chi-square analysis was used to determine the group differences for the categorical variables. Multivariate logistic regression model was built to predict odds of utilizing appropriate preventive se!
rvices. All analysis was carried out using SAS v9.1.
RESULTS: Total number of adult respondents was 20,434 of which data was available for blood pressure checkup for 20,187 respondents and 15,784 respondents for cholesterol checkup. Overall, respondents were found to adhere to guideline recommendations for getting the blood pressure (n=17,959, 89.0%) and cholesterol (n=14,956, 94.7%) check-up done. A univariate chi-square analysis showed statistically significant differences across all independent variables between people who utilized the preventive care service and those who didn t for blood pressure checkup (p<0><0>65) had much higher odds of using the blood pressure (OR=2.815, CI=2.317-3.420 ) and cholesterol (OR=3.190, CI=2.396-4.!
249 ) preventive services. Males had much lower odds of getting blood pressure (OR=0.350, CI=0.318-0.384) and cholesterol (OR=0.597, CI=0.516-0.692) checks done compared to females. Odds of utilization were nearly similar for all races. Uninsured had lower odds for blood pressure (OR=0.282, CI=0.253-0.315) and cholesterol (OR=0.314, CI=0.262-0.376) use compared to privately insured people.
CONCLUSIONS: Overall MEPS respondents adhered to blood pressure and cholesterol check up guidelines. The study was however successful in identifying existing age, race, income, insurance status related disparities in US population.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
1. Managing Hypertension Essay
Managing Hypertension EssayManaging Hypertension EssayRunning head: INTRODUCTION
TO THE LITERATURE REVIEW Literature Review Philippa Ehoro Grand Canyon University:
DNP 820 November 04, 2017 1 LITERATURE REVIEW 2 Hypertension is now a global
concern. Its prevalence has greatly increase over the years and continue to be a great
problem for many especially in the minority populations. A study finds that there is a
“significant disparity in the prevalence of hypertension among U.S. black adult and are
known to be the population with the highest prevalence of HBP in the world” (Charles,
Anouk, & Leonard, 2010). Of note, is more prevalent in older adult than younger adults and
disproportionately affects African Americans, with all ages having a higher burden of
hypertension-related complications (e.g., heart failure, stroke, CKD) than individuals of
other races” (Still, Ferdinand, Ogedegbe, and Wright (n.d)). Hypertension is one of the most
treated condition in the clinic setting requiring frequent office or clinic visit in other to
attain an optimal blood pressure goal for most patients. Hypertension, if not well control
can result to preventable disease and if not, death, leading to disability in many such as
stroke myocardial infarction and renal failure which in turn results to ESRD requiring
dialysis when it not detected early or treated amicably. According to Kwon, Choi, Mittman,
Bharmal, Honghu, Vickrey, & … Sarkisian (2015), “it is estimated that someone in the U.S.
has a stroke every 40 sec and dies of one every 4 min”. With this been said, it is very
imperative that all clinical partitional take this into consideration so that early detection
and treatment can commerce by recognizing all patients that have the potential risk of
factors that might predispose them to this preventable disease but at the same time can
cause harm to the human body. One way of doing this, is by proper history taking,
recognizing risk factors such as age, BMI, environment factors, family history and life style
modification. Of note, lack of physical inactivity is a powerful modifiable risk factor for
stroke. Managing Hypertension EssayThis paper is composed of fifteen LITERATURE
REVIEW 3 synthesize empirical scholarly research articles and will be used to conduct a
literature review. Upon reading and reviewing the fifteen article this DNP student was able
to identify five-major concept from the articles review that are related to managing
hypertension in the minority populations are 1. “Most if not all individual with
hypertension, irrespective of race ethnicity will require multiple antihypertensive agents to
reach BP goals” (Ferdinand, et al., 2011). 2. To “evaluate the antihypertensive and safety
result in patients with hypertension and comorbidities of diabetes, cardiometabolic
syndrome, or obesity and in black participants” (Ferdinand, et al., 2012). 3. “improving BP
2. control and reducing recurrent stroke among minority stroke survivors will require
complex strategies” (Spruill, et al) 4. “Evaluation of a training program aimed at providing
culturally appropriate hypertension patient education” 5. Can health “coaching with home
titration of antihypertension medication improve blood pressure control” Introduction of
The Identified Subtheme The identified subthemes are hypertension and it relation to
lifestyle medication and culture in the management of hypertension. This study reports a
behavioral change with in this population of patient once that learnt that life style
modification and implementation of daily medication regiment could control their blood
pressure (Meinema, Haafkens, Jaarsma, van Weert, van Dijk, 2017). The second subtheme
medication regimen and compliance. A study confirmed that frequent clinic visit has helped
patients and provider reach their targeted BP goal LITERATURE REVIEW 4 to improve
outcome. Patient were also advised to monitor their blood pressure at home on a regular
basis to help the patient be more conscious of her environment for risk factors that could
potentially increase her blood pressure. Managing Hypertension EssayORDER NOW FOR
CUSTOMIZED, PLAGIARISM-FREE PAPERSTarget organ damage prevention and disable-
this are potential complications from uncontrolled blood pressure. Summary of The
Research Questions Posed by The Studies One of the question was aimed at finding out
whether knowledge of MI alone is sufficient to deliver quality to minority patient.” Due to
the lack of health care in this population of patient, most times hospitals or health care
facilities denies treatment for these patients. for this reason, many have now positively
influence by their environment and tried to adhere to their treatment recommendation
(Meinema et al., 2017). In the minority group with hypertension, how does medication
regimen compared with lifestyle modification reduce the cardiovascular event within the
first year of diagnoses. Has stated by Viera, Kshirsagar, and Hinderliter (2007), our lifestyle
habit and numerous environmental factor such as insufficient fruit intake, vegetables
obesity, physical inactivity couple with large amounts of saturated fat, high salt diet, and
excessive alcohol intake can contribute to high blood pressure. Modifying these lifestyle
factors has proven effective in lowering bp levels.” Summary of The Sample Populations
Used Notice that most of the article have a enough sample size and the population of
patients are ranging between >18 years and older. The articles are more targeted to the
treatment of and management of hypertension in this age group and how the environment
can negatively affect the younger adult. As stated by Cooper et al., many researches have
documented the relationship between socioeconomic status and health: the lower the
socioeconomic status, the higher the risk LITERATURE REVIEW 5 of morbidity and
mortality.” Most of the studies have the inclusion and the exclusion form of sample
collection.Managing Hypertension EssayMost patient their blood pressure had to be high for
one to be eligible. “patients were eligible if they had blood pressure of at least systolic or at
least 90 diastolic mm Hg” (Margolius, Bodenheimer, Bennett, Wong, Ngo, Padilla, & Thom,
2012) Summary of The Limitations of The Studies With article one, there are several
limitations to the study. The article is limited because of the forced-titration design used
and was conduction in a short period of about 8 weeks limiting them from evaluating the
morbidity and mortality outcome. The author also reported that a control group was not
utilized for the triple combination therapy group or internal control groups for the dual
3. combination therapy group” there by limiting the study conclusions regarding efficacy
(Ferdinand, et al., 2011). The second article was limited because of the small sample size
and of note, the “subgroup result stem from the ascent study design” and the lack of
cardiovascular outcomes assessment (Ferdinand, et al., 2012). The third article limitation
are failure to follow up among physicians, which affect their sample size. Second limitation
also, includes failure to reach the “recruitment target among patients” which affected the
statistical studies power to help differentiates the primary outcome (Cooper et al., 2009)
Summary of The Conclusion and Recommendations for Further Research The summary of
the article result show that dual or combination of aliskiren/amlodipine is well tolerated
and very effective in lowering BP in the high-risk patient populations of black race and also
the addition of HCTZ can also provide additional benefit while maintaining tolerability.
There are no recommendations for further research in most of the articles. Rather they
emphasize more on the important of multiple medication regimen in those patient with
stage LITERATURE REVIEW 6 2 hypertension, the benefit of patient centered care and how
it can improve patient adherence and promote health outcome (Copper, et al., 2009). In
conclusion, high blood pressure has aids in the promotion of unwanted disease that could
have been prevented. Managing Hypertension EssayHowever, with proper intervention and
early detection, providers are able to stop the progression of disease they’re by preventing
disability in so many patients. cost care also be reduced if patient and provider are able to
recognize this disease on time by proper educating each patient especially those with
increased risk factors. According to Still, Ferdinand, Ogedegbe and Wright, nonfatal stroke
are 1.3 times more common in the African Americans are, likely to have fetal stroke about
1.8 times, likely to die from heart disease 1.5 times, and would develop end-stage renal
disease as whites 4.2 times. LITERATURE REVIEW 7 Reference Charles, E., Anouk L., G., &
Leonard E., E. (2010). The Effect of Minority Status and Rural Residence on Actions to
Control High Blood Pressure in the U.S. Public Health Reports (1974-), (6), 801. Ferdinand,
K. C., Weitzman, R., Purkayastha, D., Sridharan, K., & Jaimes, E. A. (2012). Research
Article:Aliskiren-based dual- and triple-combination therapies in high-risk US minority
patients with Stage 2 hypertension. Journal Of The American Society Of Hypertension, 6219-
227. doi:10.1016/j.jash.2011.12.002 Ferdinand, K. C., Weitzman, R., Israel, M., Lee, J.,
Purkayastha, D., & Jaimes, E. A. (2011). Research Article: Efficacy and safety of aliskiren-
based dual and triple combination therapies in US minority patients with stage 2
hypertension. Journal Of The American Society Of Hypertension, 5102-113.
doi:10.1016/j.jash.2011.01.006 Kwon, I., Choi, S., Mittman, B., Bharmal, N., Honghu, L.,
Vickrey, B., & … Sarkisian, C. (2015). Study protocol of “Worth the Walk”: a randomized
controlled trial of a stroke risk reduction walking intervention among racial/ethnic
minority older adults with hypertension in community senior centers. BMC Neurology,
15(1), 91-101. doi:10.1186/s12883-015-0346-9 Roter, D., , , Cooper, L. A., Miller, E. I.,
Levine, D. M., & … Barr, M. S. (n.d). A randomized controlled trial of interventions to enhance
patient-physician partnership, patient adherence and high blood pressure control among
ethnic minorities and poor persons: study protocol NCT00123045. Managing Hypertension
EssayImplementation Science, 4 Spruill, T. M., Williams, O., Teresi, J. A., Lehrer, S., Pezzin, L.,
Waddy, S. P., & … Valsamis, H. (2015). Comparative effectiveness of home blood pressure
5. …………………………………… Error! Bookmark not defined. Nature of the Project Design
…………………………………. Error! Bookmark not defined. Definition of
Terms……………………………………………… Error! Bookmark not defined. Assumptions,
Limitations, Delimitations ……………….. Error! Bookmark not defined. Summary and
Organization of the Remainder of the Project …. Error! Bookmark not defined. Chapter 2:
Literature Review …………………………………………………………………………………..1 Theoretical
Foundations…………………………………………………………………………………….5 Review of the
Literature ……………………………………………………………………………………7 Theme 1. You may
want to organize this section by themes and subthemes. To do so, use the pattern below.
……………………………………………………………………..10 Theme 2. Chapter 2 can be particularly
challenging with regard to APA format for citations and quotations. Refer to your APA
manual frequently to make vi sure your citations are formatted properly. It is critical that
each in-text citation is appropriately listed in the References section.
………………………………………………….12 Summary
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….15 Chapter 3:
Methodology ……………………………………………. Error! Bookmark not defined. Statement of the
Problem ……………………………………… Error! Bookmark not defined. Clinical Question
………………………………………………… Error! Bookmark not defined. Project
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…………………………………………………….. Error! Bookmark not defined. Population and Sample
Selection…………………………… Error! Bookmark not defined. Instrumentation or Sources of
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not defined. 1 Chapter 2: Literature Review Hypertension is a global concern and its
prevalence has greatly increase over the years and continue to be a great burden for many,
especially in the minority populations with emphases geared towards the African American
decent. African American patients have the greatest burden when it comes to hypertension.
Study have shown that hypertension prevalence is highest in the minority patient’s
population most especially among U.S. black adult (Charles, Anouk, & Leonard, 2010). Other
study reports that High blood pressure (BP) affects African American community more than
people from other ethnic group in the U.S., and its persistent disparity has been linked to
socioeconomic shortcoming (Anderson & Armstead, 1995; Go et al., 2014; Coulon, & Wilson,
2015). Of note, it tends to be prevalent in older adult than younger adults and
disproportionately affects African Americans of all ages with a higher burden of
hypertension-related complications (i.e., heart failure, stroke, Chronic kidney disease) than
6. individuals of other races (Still, Ferdinand, Ogedegbe, and Wright (n.d)). Hypertension is
one of the most treated condition in the clinic setting requiring frequent office or clinic visit
in other to attain an optimal blood pressure goal for most patients. Hypertension can be a
very debilitating disease that can result to so many health complications; it is the leading
cause of cardiovascular event worldwide, the leading global risk for mortality worldwide
and of note, it ranks first (Gu, Li, Yang, Wang, Bo, & Liu, 2015). Thus, this can be prevented
by taking prescribed medication regimen as directed by their provider, early detection
through proper history taking and self-awareness, 2 proper education on self-management
and life style modification, managing daily stress, and partaking in regular physical activity,
all this are necessary to improve the quality of life for those with high blood pressure
(Wright, Still, Jones, & Moss, 2018). The challenge is to assess the knowledge level of the AA
patients in understanding their disease process and its financial burden in relation to cost.
It is estimated that the direct annual cost by 2030 will be 200.3 billion reflecting an increase
of 130. Managing Hypertension Essay