The document provides guidance on referencing and citation for final year projects at City University London. It covers what plagiarism is, where to find referencing guidelines, and how to properly cite different sources like journal articles, books, and webpages in both the text and reference list using the Harvard style. Top tips are given to be clear, consistent, and give credit for all ideas used. Help resources like Cite Them Right Online and the library are also mentioned.

1. Referencing and Citation in your Final Year Project
Catie Tuttle
Subject Librarian (Business Undergraduates)
Catie.Tuttle.1@city.ac.uk

2. What I’m going to cover
1. Guidelines for avoiding plagiarism and what it is
2. Where to find out how to reference what you’ve found
3. Cite Them Right Online – and other tools for constructing
references.

3. Plagiarism: what is it?
University Definition:
■ “Plagiarism is passing off the ideas or words of someone else as though they were your own. It applies
equally to the work of other students as to published sources.”
■ “Submitting, as one's own, an assignment that another person has completed.
■ Downloading information, text, artwork, graphics or other material from the internet and presenting it as
one's own without acknowledgment.
■ Quoting or paraphrasing material from a source without acknowledgment.”
■ Using other people’s ideas without acknowledgement.
City University London (2012) ‘City University Assessment and Feedback Policy’ Available at:
http://www.city.ac.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0008/68921/assessment_and_feedback_policy.pdf (Accessed 22 September 2016).

4. What will you need to reference?
■ Journal articles
■ Books and book chapters
■ News articles
■ Market research
■ Company reports
■ Financial data
… and anything else that you and your supervisor/tutors
identify: government documents, corporate websites,
conference proceedings, lecture slides, etc.

5. Why put citations and references into your work?
■ We cite all ideas, quotes, data, opinions, etc. that are not our own by telling
the reader where it came from.
■ Careful referencing protects you from accidental plagiarism
■ Reference as you go along in your notes and your work so you can always trace
ideas back
■ Good referencing makes your work more scholarly:
■ Shows your wide range of reading & sources
■ Shows good awareness of academic norms & standards
■ Helps back up your arguments with work of other scholars
■ Can show how hard you worked!

6. Guidance on Referencing
■ Cass uses Harvard Style References
■ Use Cite Them Right Online to set out your references. It covers a huge number of source
types.
■ Library Shorts Film: Basics of Referencing
■ Bibliographic Management Software
■ RefWorks – university’s subscription
■ Mendeley, Zotero – free online
■ You can also check with your supervisor or ask any librarian if you’re unsure

7. For example… Journal articles
You can see good referencing habits whenever you look at a journal article.
Example of a Harvard Style reference:
In-text citation:
Some have argued that certain qualities can be identified early in the recruitment
process (Ready, 2010).
Reference list:
Ready, D. et al (2010) ‘The anatomy of a high potential’, Business Strategy
Review, 21(3), pp. 52-55.

8. For example… Book chapters
In-text citation:
According to Thiel and Masters, ‘as globalisation advances, people perceive the
world as one homogenous, highly competitive marketplace: the world is “flat”’
(2014, p. 98).
Reference list:
Thiel, P. and Masters, B. (2014) ‘Secrets’ in Zero to one: notes on startups, or how
to build the future. London: Virgin Books, pp. 93-106.

9. For example… webpage with an organisation as
author
In text:
(EasyJet plc, 2015)
Reference list:
EasyJet plc (2016) Operational Efficiency. Available at:
http://corporate.easyjet.com/corporate-responsibility/our-people/operational-
efficiency.aspx?sc_lang=en (Accessed: 26 October 2016).

10. Top tips
■ Cass uses the Harvard Style
■ This means use the author-date format for citations (Tuttle, 2016, p. 5).
■ Three Vital Things to Remember:
1. Be Clear: your aim is to help your reader find the same thing you read.
2. Be Consistent: pick one style and use it all the way through your project – Cite Them
Right Online will help you with this.
3. Credit all the ideas you’ve used in your work, not just direct quotes: demonstrates the
hard work you’ve done and protects you from accidental plagiarism.

11. Referencing and Citation Help
■ Cite Them Right Online Brilliant guide to Harvard Referencing, best place to find layouts, help, advice.
■ Books in the library:
• Neville, C. (2010) Complete Guide to Referencing and Avoiding Plagiarism, 2nd ed. Maidenhead: Open
University Press.
• Pear, R., Shields, G. (2016) Cite Them Right: the Essential Referencing Guide, 10th ed. Basingstoke:
Palgrave Macmillan.
■ Subject Guide Citing and Referencing Tab:
• http://libguides.city.ac.uk/business/referencing
■ Tools to help:
• Citation software: RefWorks, Mendeley. More complex but helpful for storing/reusing references. Contact
the library for the RefWorks code. Mendeley is free.
• Word has built-in functions as well.

12. Any Questions?
Please come and ask!
Help In Person:
Library desks on the 2nd and 5th Floor, and at Cass
Contact Catie: catie.tuttle.1@city.ac.uk or 020 7040 4151
General enquiries email for Cass: CassLibrary@city.ac.uk
Enquiries phone number: +44 (0) 207 040 8191
Help Online:
Library Website: www.city.ac.uk/library
Subject Guides: http://libguides.city.ac.uk/management

13. City, University of London
Northampton Square
London
EC1V 0HB
United Kingdom
T: +44 (0)20 7040 4151
E: catie.tuttle.1@city.ac.uk
http://www.city.ac.uk/library